iRSDRR:一种全异步的基于输入排队Crossbar交换结构的调度算法

DRR(DualRound-Robin)[1]调度算法是一种公平、高效、硬件实现简单的基于输入排队Crossbar交换结构的信元调度算法。为了进一步改善这种算法的性能,该文提出了一种全异步的多次迭代DRR算法,即iRSDRR(iterativeRo-tatingStaticDualRound-Robin)。该算法在开始时,将所有的输入、输出仲裁器的指针全部设置为异步的,以后每个时隙静态地更新所有的仲裁器的指针。仿真结果表明该算法在不同业务流条件下的性能都优于DRR调度算法。     

基于EDF调度算法的端到端延迟保证方法

EDF(EarliestDeadlineFirst)是一种高效的调度算法。为了将其应用于提供端到端延迟保证,提出了一种新的算法JT-EDF(JitterTunableEDF),并证明了所有的端到端EDF调度算法都可以在相同的条件下保证相同的端到端延迟界。     

端到端(p,κ)约束流的实时通讯

端到端系统的实时服务保证问题足当前广泛研究的问题.由于许多端到端应用可以容忍部分报文丢失,因此将窗口约束引入到端到端系统实时服务保证中,但是现有的端到端实时调度算法仅从固定窗口约束出发来保证实时服务,导致其在重度过载情况下性能下降显著.从基于可变窗口的(p,κ)约束的角度出发保证实时数据流通过一系列服务器达到目的地的实时服务质最,提出了多跳K窗口约束调度(Multi-hop K-Window Constmint Scheduling,M-KWCS)算法,使其在重度过载下服务质量退化缓慢.实验表明M-KWCS算法在重度过载情况下的性能优于其它各类算法.     

一种可提供绝对服务质量分级的优先调度算法

提出了一种能够提供端到端时延保证和满足丢包率要求的多优先级算法。该算法以分组头中记录的时延、丢包率、保证带宽为权重对分组进行调度,通过对信元的相对优先级及服务质量参数的加权算法,得到一种公平的满足绝对服务质量的算法。还能够使系统避免维护每个流的状态信息以及对单个流进行复杂的队列管理和调度,由此增加了系统的可扩展性。计算机仿真表明该算法具有较高的资源利用率,较低的端到端时延和时延抖动以及较低的分组丢弃率等特点。     

Hadoop平台下基于优化X-means算法的大数据聚类研究

针对WSNs中现有路由算法存在的各种不足,本文提出了一种基于占空比间隔优化的延迟约束路由算法。具体来说,在提出的算法中,首先,将端到端延迟分布估计为占空比间隔和潜在转发器数量的函数,在给定的网络模型和参数下,其分布可以近似地估计。然后,选择满足延迟约束成功率(Delay-Constrained Success Ratio,DCSR)要求的占空比间隔最大值,每个节点独立地调度其休眠和唤醒时间,发送端节点将数据包转发给潜在转发器中最先唤醒的节点,从而确保数据包以要求的概率即DCSR到达接收器,同时最大化占空比间隔；仿真实验结果表明,提出的路由算法不仅能够满足要求的DSCR,并在ETE延迟、数据包交付率和实际得到的DCSR方面都优于现有的先进算法。     

基于SP调度策略的簇树型无线传感网络QoS上界研究

为了改善无线传感网络在最坏条件下的网络服务质量（Quality of Service, QoS）,本文将严格优先级（Strict Priority, SP）队列调度引入簇树型无线传感网络中,分析SP队列调度对网络中数据流获得的保证服务的影响,并利用网络演算推导簇树网络中各深度路由节点的时延上界、缓存上界及网络的端到端时延上界。通过实例分析,表明SP队列调度能够有效减小网络的最大端到端时延。     

加密MANET端到端流的推断与识别研究

根据数据流的帧发送时序特性, 提出一种基于时序匹配和关联分析的端到端流推断算法。采用时序匹配、关联分析、流追踪与回溯等机制, 分析与追踪探测区域内的所有端到端流。该算法能够在无须解密报文的前提下进行流量分析, 推断出端到端流的源、目的节点、流路径、流开始时间和流持续时长等信息。仿真实验表明, 算法可以有效识别网络中的端到端流。     

WRR算法在多类别实时数据流调度中的优化

随着融合型网络的发展,服务质量(包括可用带宽、端到端的时延、抖动和丢包率)对一些实时数据流应用(语音流、视频流等)越来越重要。由于传统的WRR算法只能满足各个应用队列的公平性要求,而不能保证多类别实时数据的低时延和低抖动性要求,所以本文在WRR算法的基础上提出了BSTL-RR调度算法,此算法运用了二层循环和借用时隙的两个思想。BSTLRR调度算法不仅在调度低时延和低抖动的多类别实时数据流帧方面要优于WRR调度算法,而且在一定程度上也保证了各优先级队列调度上的公平性。     

WMN中基于循环补偿的公平调度算法

针对无线Mesh网络(WMN)中数据包调度方案公平性欠缺的问题,提出一种基于循环补偿的公平调度算法。该算法将Mesh节点中需要发送的数据包缓存在各自的数据流队列中,轮询处理队列的调度请求。利用信道状态监测机制确定队列的信道特征,通过循环补偿模型将队列调度过程划分为发送、补偿、休眠3个时期,各时期循环执行实现通信数据流间的平衡调度。仿真结果表明,该算法在公平性和吞吐量方面的有效性。     

基于EDF调度策略的端到端实时系统可调度性分析算法

端到端实时任务调度模型可用于描述许多分布式实时系统.提出一种基于EDF调度策略的端到端实时任务调度模型,给出了端到端实时系统的可调度性判定条件,并提出其可调度性分析算法,该可调度性判定条件及可调度性分析算法适用于采用非连续工作型同步协议和连续工作型同步协议控制下的端到端实时系统.与固定优先级的端到端实时任务调度模型及其算法相比,基于EDF调度策略的端到端实时任务调度模型和算法更加简单和易于实现,仿真结果也表明具有较高的性能.     

Eligibility-based Round Robin for fair and efficient packet scheduling in wormhole switching networks

Interconnection networks of parallel systems are used for servicing traffic generated by different applications, often belonging to different users. When multiple users contend for channel bandwidth, fairness in bandwidth sharing becomes a key requirement. In fact, enforcing a fair sharing of channel bandwidth improves flow isolation, thus preventing misbehaving flows from affecting the performance of other flows. We present a novel packet scheduling algorithm, called eligibility-based round robin (EBRR), devised to provide fair queueing in interconnection networks. In fact, EBRR meets the constraints imposed by wormhole switching, which is the most popular switching technique in interconnection networks of parallel systems. It can also be applied to packet switching wide area networks (WANs), such as IP and ATM. We show that EBRR has O(1) complexity and better delay and fairness properties than existing algorithms of comparable complexity. Here, we also investigate the means for assessing the fairness of a scheduler: we show that using the relative fairness bound as a fairness measure may lead to erroneous results. We then propose an alternative measure, called the generalized relative fairness bound, that allows fairness to be assessed more precisely.     

A proportional fairness scheduling for wireless sensor networks

This paper describes a packet scheduling algorithm for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) that meets the proportional fairness principle. Based on the weighted round-robin strategy, the proposed scheduling algorithm allocates a different service quota to different traffic according to the average packet arrival rate. This guarantees proportional fairness in terms of the average packet delivery delay and the average packet loss ratio. Since the scheduling algorithm does not perform high-load operations such as time stamping and sorting, it can be implemented easily and is suitable for resource-limited WSNs. The proposed scheduling algorithm is tested in a WSN and is found to guarantee the proportional fairness of the average packet delivery delay when this is used as the performance metric, and to realize proportional fairness in the average packet loss ratio when all the queues are overflowing and the average packet loss ratio is used as the performance metric.     

交通信号的实时公平调度及其仿真

交通信号的实时调度是改善交通拥堵的重要途径之一,其公平性研究同样至关重要。针对通信网络和交通网络的共同特点,借鉴其最大最小公平和比例公平的思想,分别提出最小最大公平、比例公平交通信号实时调度算法;并与优化队列长度的实时调度、固定周期调度算法进行仿真对比。实验结果表明,优化队列长度的实时调度和固定周期调度会使得部分车辆等待时间过长而表现出不公平;最小最大公平调度表现出最好的公平性,但在网络高密度下平均时延表现较差;比例公平调度则在各种交通密度下同时表现出较低的平均时延和较好的公平性。研究结果为实时交通信号的公平调度提供了解决方案,具有较好的应用价值。     

基于流的 AD Hoc 网络接入公平性分析与研究

在 Ad Hoc 网络中,系统的不公平性会严重影响服务质量.针对该问题,提出一种以流为单位、用 WFQ 机制进行本地信息调度、采用交换节点信息调节退避时间的协调算法--FBFA.该算法计算节点每条流的服务指数,与邻节点进行交换,结合节点本身的信息和邻居节点的信息确定退避时间,提高系统的公平性.实验结果表明,FBFA 算...     

图书馆多媒体业务流的短时公平分组反馈调度方法

研究了一种新的基于短时公平的分组调度算法的问题. 基于短时公平性的分组反馈调度算法改进了WF2Q＋算法在短期内无法为新加入客户端提供公平服务的缺陷,增强了调度算法的适应性和公平性. 在本算法中,调度器中的各个客户端权值能够根据其获得的实际服务量状况在线调整,增强了系统的鲁棒性和自适应性,同时提高了系统实现短期公平性的能力,对各个客户端提供更为公平的服务质量（Quality of Service,QoS）.     

Adaptive load balancing algorithm for multiple homing mobile nodes

In places where mobile users can access multiple wireless networks simultaneously, a multipath scheduling algorithm can benefit the performance of wireless networks and improve the experience of mobile users. However, existing literature shows that it may not be the case, especially for TCP flows. According to early investigations, there are mainly two reasons that result in bad performance of TCP flows in wireless networks. One is the occurrence of out-of-order packets due to different delays in multiple paths. The other is the packet loss which is resulted from the limited bandwidth of wireless networks. To better exploit multipath scheduling for TCP flows, this paper presents a new scheduling algorithm named Adaptive Load Balancing Algorithm (ALBAM) to split traffic across multiple wireless links within the ISP infrastructure. Targeting at solving the two adverse impacts on TCP flows, ALBAM develops two techniques. Firstly, ALBAM takes advantage of the bursty nature of TCP flows and performs scheduling at the flowlet granularity where the packet interval is large enough to compensate for the different path delays. Secondly, ALBAM develops a Packet Number Estimation Algorithm (PNEA) to predict the buffer usage in each path. With PNEA, ALBAM can prevent buffer overflow and schedule the TCP flow to a less congested path before it suffers packet loss. Simulations show that ALBAM can provide better performance to TCP connections than its other counterparts.     

层压缩树包分类算法研究

包分类技术是下一代网络设备的关键技术之一．研究有效的包分类算法是目前网络技术领域的热门课题．层压缩树包分类算法的基本思想是：对路径压缩之后的二叉树进行层压缩，使压缩树中的节点能够按序存储在数组中．通过对数组元素跳跃式的查找快速的对包头进行分类．仿真试验结果表明该算法在较大规则数下能够实现对包头的快速分类，分类速度可以达到每秒处理接近2M个包头，具有O（d）的时间复杂度（d为域的个数）；在中等规模规则数下具有O（dN）的空间复杂度，并且其存储量优于其他算法（如Bitmap和区域分割包分类算法）．由于层压缩树算法对包头的每个域独立查找，在硬件实现上采用并行查找各个域的处理方式将使该算法的查找性能得到更大的提高．     

Hierarchical Scheduling for Symmetric Multiprocessors

Hierarchical scheduling has been proposed as a scheduling technique to achieve aggregate resource partitioning among related groups of threads and applications in uniprocessor and packet scheduling environments. Existing hierarchical schedulers are not easily extensible to multiprocessor environments because 1) they do not incorporate the inherent parallelism of a multiprocessor system while resource partitioning and 2) they can result in unbounded unfairness or starvation if applied to a multiprocessor system in a naive manner. In this paper, we present hierarchical multiprocessor scheduling (H-SMP), a novel hierarchical CPU scheduling algorithm designed for a symmetric multiprocessor (SMP) platform. The novelty of this algorithm lies in its combination of space and time multiplexing to achieve the desired bandwidth partition among the nodes of the hierarchical scheduling tree. This algorithm is also characterized by its ability to incorporate existing proportional-share algorithms as auxiliary schedulers to achieve efficient hierarchical CPU partitioning. In addition, we present a generalized weight feasibility constraint that specifies the limit on the achievable CPU bandwidth partitioning in a multiprocessor hierarchical framework and propose a hierarchical weight readjustment algorithm designed to transparently satisfy this feasibility constraint. We evaluate the properties of H-SMP using hierarchical surplus fair scheduling (H-SFS), an instantiation of H-SMP that employs surplus fair scheduling (SFS) as an auxiliary algorithm. This evaluation is carried out through a simulation study that shows that H-SFS provides better fairness properties in multiprocessor environments as compared to existing algorithms and their naive extensions.     

A tree search algorithm for the container loading problem

This paper presents a binary tree search algorithm for the three dimensional container loading problem (3D-CLP). The 3D-CLP is about how to load a subset of a given set of rectangular boxes into a rectangular container, such that the packing volume is maximized. In this algorithm, all the boxes are grouped into strips and layers while three constraints, i.e., full support constraint, orientation constraint and guillotine cutting constraint are satisfied. A binary tree is created where each tree node denotes a container loading plan. For a non-root each node, the layer set of its left (or right) child is obtained by inserting a directed layer into its layer set. A directed layer is parallel (or perpendicular) to the left side of the container. Each leaf node denotes a complete container loading plan. The solution is the layer set whose total volume of the boxes is the greatest among all tree nodes. The proposed algorithm achieves good results for the well-known 3D-CLP instances suggested by Bischoff and Ratcliff with reasonable computing time.