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铷、铯的分离提取方法及其研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《应用化工》2017,(7):1377-1382
近年来,关于重稀碱金属铷、铯的开发和利用逐渐得到了广泛的关注,主要总结了铷、铯分离提取方法的现状,归纳了铷、铯分离提取的主要方法和最新进展,此外还对于铷、铯的分离提取方法的发展趋势进行了评论,认为离子交换法和萃取法对工业化分离提取铷、铯具有经济意义。 相似文献
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稀有金属铷和铯是重要战略资源,盐湖卤水中含有一定量铷和铯。因其组成与碱性介质的复杂性,铷铯的分离与回收极富挑战性,尚未有效解决。本文基于固定化与真空活化灌注技术将超分子衍生物杯[4]双冠6(BC6)和杯[4]双冠5(BC5)负载于高分子介孔载体XAD-7孔道中,制备与表征了新型超分子识别材料BC6/XAD-7和BC5/XAD-7。研究了水相pH和温度变化对BC6/XAD-7和BC5/XAD-7吸附典型碱金属和碱土金属离子性能的影响,考察了BC6/XAD-7和BC5/XAD-7随接触时间变化吸附铷和铯动力学行为,获得了最佳吸附条件,明确了提取钾后余液中以超分子识别材料吸附分离铯和铷的技术可行性,提出了有效吸附分离铯和铷的CREC技术流程,为应用新型超分子识别材料于盐湖卤水中吸附分离铯和铷提供理论与实验依据。 相似文献
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主要分析了青海省盐湖中钾、镁、锂盐的资源状况,生产现状以及开发利用的迫切性,并对钾、镁、锂盐资源的综合利用进行了探讨。提出了高镁、锂质量比的盐湖卤水镁锂的选择性分离技术,水卤镁石脱水制备无水MgCl2技术,热解制取高纯镁砂技术等课题。 相似文献
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从制盐母液中直接提取铯和铷的新方法 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
利用自制的新型离子交换剂从制盐母液中直接提取铯和铷。介绍了磷钼酸铵离子交换剂的制备工艺及其对离子交换吸附作用的验证。和利用此离子交换剂提取铯和铷的操作过程。结果表明,此离子交换剂可直接提取制盐母液中的铯和铷,相应的氯化铯和氯化铷的提取率以原制盐母液汁,均超过92%;此离子交换剂经氯化铵再生处理,可反复使用,解吸率近100%。 相似文献
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《分离科学与技术》2012,47(7):1076-1085
In this work, a composite spherical adsorbent, which employs potassium titanium silicate as an adsorption active component, and calcium alginate as a carrier, was successfully prepared. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were used to characterize the adsorbent. The kinetics and thermodynamics of rubidium and cesium ions adsorption were investigated comprehensively, by considering the effects of initial concentration, temperature, solution pH, and coexisting NaCl. According to the determination coefficients, the pseudo second-order kinetic model provided an impressive and comparable correlation, and the second-order rate constant and the initial adsorption rate increase with increasing temperature. In general, the equilibrium adsorption amount increases with the increasing initial metal ion concentration, but decreases with increasing coexisting NaCl. The adsorption capacity keeps constant in the pH value range 3-12 and slightly fades when the temperature increases from 25 to 55°C. Under similar conditions, rubidium and cesium show the similar adsorption amount. The adsorbent has a fast adsorption rate and an adsorption capacity of about 1.55 mmol g?1 for rubidium and 1.47 mmol g?1 for cesium when the initial metal ion concentration is 0.10 mol L?1. The composite adsorbent is effective for the adsorption of rubidium or cesium ions from simulated brines. 相似文献
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Radioactive isotopes 137Cs and 90Sr, two significant fission products that are usually carried into High Level Waste (HLW) during spent nuclear fuel reprocessing are suggested to be removed from HLW in order to reduce the volume of HLW and then make nuclear energy more clean and sustainable. A variety of separation techniques, including solvent extraction, have been developed for the removal of 137Cs and 90Sr from HLW. Among those developed separation techniques, solvent extraction is more applicable and promising, particularly for acidic HLW. This article reviews the scientific progress as well as application developments of the solvent extraction method for the separation of strontium and cesium from HLW in the last decade. 相似文献
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电石渣是电石水解制乙炔时的副产物.本文介绍了电石渣的化学成分和热分解特性,综述了电石渣在生产建筑材料、制备化学产品方面的资源化利用现状与研究进展,并阐述了目前电石渣资源化利用中存在的不足.对于利用电石渣生产建筑材料,应逐渐摆脱对水泥、建筑砌块等建材原料需求的长期依赖,着力研发高附加值建材产品;对于利用电石渣制备化学产品,应简化工艺流程、降低能耗,提高产品纯度;各项资源化利用过程中,不应忽视电石渣中所含污染物在迁移转化过程中形成的二次污染. 相似文献
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盐湖锂资源开发利用与研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
锂具有许多重要的特性而被广泛应用,尤其在新能源(锂电池)领域占有无法替代的地位。本文介绍了锂资源的概况和我国近几年开发的提锂方法,论述了提锂工艺及锂业开发进展。 相似文献