PET/PC共混物配比对其高压结晶行为的影响

利用SEM及W AXD等测试手段研究了配比对PET/PC共混物高压结晶行为的影响。SEM观察表明,随PC比例的增加,共混物高压下主要结晶形态以伸直链晶体,生长成熟的立体开放球晶,大尺寸球晶的方式变化。拟合分峰法和W arren-A verbach傅氏分析法的计算结果表明,随PC含量的增加,高压结晶共混物的结晶度降低,PET的平均晶粒尺寸总体呈减小趋势,晶粒尺寸分布则变窄,而晶格畸变平均值在一定PC比例范围内达到极大值。     

成核剂对PET结晶行为的影响

采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)研究了PET及添加成核剂后PET的非等温结晶过程,选用7种成核剂和4种复合成核剂进行了实验对比研究.结果表明添加任何一种成核剂后PET体系的结晶峰温移向高温,半结晶时间缩短,结晶速率常数增大,结晶度提高.其中有机类成核剂对PET结晶改善效果较无机类显著,但结晶效果最好的是成核机理为化学成核的高分子类成核剂和复合成核剂.本文还采用了热台偏光显微镜(POM)对PET晶体形貌进行了研究,发现添加有机成核剂后晶体细微而且密集.     

PET/SiO2纳米复合材料的非等温结晶动力学

为了研究溶胶-凝胶原位聚合法合成的PET/SiO2纳米复合材料的结晶性能,用Avrami法和莫志深法对该复合材料进行了非等温结晶动力学研究。通过研究,得出以下结论:SiO2纳米粒子对基体PET具有异相成核作用,使PET的结晶温度明显升高,SiO2纳米粒子的加入使PET的结晶速率提高;SiO2粒子改变了PET基体的成核机理和生长方式;PET/SiO2纳米复合材料非等温结晶行为适合莫志深法。     

PET/PBT合金的熔融共混及性能

论述了PET/PBT合金的熔融共混理论,包括两种材料熔融共混过程中的相容性、结晶性及酯交换反应:PET/PBT共混体系在非晶区是相容的;加工工艺对共混体系的结晶度影响很大,PET和PBT共混对其结晶过程具有协同效应,可在成型加工时添加成核体系以促进其结晶;酯交换反应会使体系的结晶能力下降。简要讨论了合金的机械性能及不同因素对其影响:合金硬度受体系分子量和淬火时冷却速率的影响,增强合金的弯曲强度可填充改性无机填充剂,合金的缺口敏感性强,缺口冲击强度较低,所以冲击改性常被作为其重要研究对象。PET/PBT合金作为一种工程塑料,现阶段主要应用于汽车领域,未来将在电子电器、机械工业和汽车零部件等领域有着更广泛的应用。     

退火处理对PET/粘土纳米复合材料结晶行为的影响

利用差示扫描量热法测试了PET、PET/粘土纳米复合材料、增粘PET/粘土纳米复合材料在退火的热历史条件下的一些结晶行为,对其冷结晶峰、熔融温度分别进行对比,结果表明:PET/粘土纳米复合材料的冷结晶温度高低顺序为:PET/粘土纳米复合材料<增粘PET/粘土纳米复合材料相似文献   

Manufacturing techniques and property evaluations of conductive composite yarns coated with polypropylene and multi-walled carbon nanotubes

This study uses a melt extrusion method, a method for producing wires, to coat polyester (PET) yarns with polypropylene (PP) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The resulting PP/MWCNTs-coated PET conductive yarns are tested for their tensile properties, processability, morphology, melting and crystallization behaviors, electrical conductivity, and applications. The test results indicate that tensile strength of the conductive yarns increases with an increase in the coiling speed that contributes to a more single-direction-orientated MWCNTs arrangement as well as a greater adhesion between PP/MWCNTs and PET yarns. 8 wt% MWCNTs results in an 18 °C higher crystallization temperature (T_c) of PP and an electrical conductivity of 0.8862 S/cm. The test results of this study have proven that this form of processing technology can prepare PP/MWCNTs-coated PET conductive yarns that have satisfactory tensile properties and electrical conductivity, and can be used in functional woven fabrics and knitted fabrics.     

聚乙二醇改性PET／PBT共混体系研究

本文以廉价易得的聚乙二醇(PEG)作结晶促进剂,利用WAXD、DSC研究了PET/PBT共混体系的结晶行为,并以共混体系结晶熔融峰面积计算PET和PBT各自的结晶度。结果发现,加入PEG可以使共混体系冷结晶峰温明显下降,PEG用量越大,冷结晶峰温越低,结晶速度加快;随着PEG分子量增大,当小于2000或等于2000时,冷结晶峰温随之降低,但当分子量≥6000时,冷结晶峰温随之略有升高;加入PEG,对共混体系中PET和PBT各自结晶的作用不同,二者的结晶度随PEG分子量或用量变化不同。     

PET/有机蒙脱土纳米复合材料等温结晶动力学过程研究

用DSC方法研究了具有反应活性的有机蒙脱土与聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（PET）原位聚合和熔融共混后的两种插层复合材料的等温结晶行为。结果表明，有机蒙脱土起异机成核作用，使PET的结晶过程更加复杂，对聚合样由于有机处理剂参与PET链的反应，特殊的结构有利于成核过程，但对总的结晶速率有一定影响，结晶速率的提高程度依赖于有机蒙脱土的添加量；有机蒙脱土使共混样品的结晶速率大大加快。     

聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯树脂的结晶特性和结晶动力学

采用热台偏振光显微镜和ＤＳＣ差示扫描量热仪对ＰＴＴ、ＰＢＴ和ＰＥＴ的结晶性能进行了研究。实验得到的结晶是：ＰＴＴ的结晶诱导期和球晶出现与ＰＢＴ接近,但与ＰＥＴ相差较大：球晶生长速率随温度的变化ＰＴＴ快于ＰＥＴ;在相同结晶温度下,ＰＴＴ的分子链段比ＰＥＴ更易进入结晶界面和形成稳定的晶核,然而总晶速率ＰＴＴ小于ＰＢＴ。     

The kinetics of isothermal cold crystallization and tensile properties of poly(ethylene terephthalate)

The exothermic peak that is frequently observed during the heating scan of a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) experiment of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is due to a cold crystallization process, originating from the rearrangement of amorphous regions into a crystalline phase. In this work the isothermal cold crystallization kinetics of PET was investigated by using DSC, X-ray diffraction and tensile experiments. The isothermal crystallization rate was determined as a function of temperature, and the Avrami analysis was conducted. The results showed that at low temperatures the cold crystallization is a two-regime process, whereas at high temperatures just one stage is observed. The rate constant for isothermal crystallization K increased and the half time of crystallization (t_½) decreased with increasing crystallization temperature. The Avrami exponent n was close to 2, and this corresponds to a disc-like morphology formed by heterogeneous nucleation. Cold crystallization increased the crystallinity and therefore the tensile properties of the samples were enhanced.     

Step-scan DSC研究PET/纳米CaCO3复合材料的结晶和熔融行为

采用纳米碳酸钙(CaCO3)浆料直接分散于聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)的单体乙二醇中,原位聚合制备出分散均匀的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)/CaCO3纳米复合材料。分别利用传统的差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和步进扫描DSC(Step-scan DSC)技术研究了CaCO3含量变化对PET结晶和熔融行为的影响及非等温结晶动力学过程。结果表明,纳米粒子与PET的相互作用较弱,对PET结晶主要起促进作用,使结晶更加完善,碳酸钙的含量达到3%时,相对结晶速率达到最大。结晶初期,纳米粒子异相成核作用占优势,这种优势随着纳米粒子含量的增加而有所减弱;结晶后期,纳米粒子对高分子运动的牵制作用比较明显。     

PET/PTT共混体系的结晶熔融行为

对PET/PTT共混体系的DSC热分析结果表明,在共混体系中两组分形成各自的晶体,呈现各自的熔点Tm,但两种聚合物各自的结晶过程是彼此受对方影响的。从形态和热力学两方面对共混体系的熔点下降行为进行了解释,根据N ish i-W ang方程的计算结果,PET/PTT共混体系的相互作用能密度和相互作用参数都为负值,表明PET/PTT共混体系在熔融态是热力学稳定的相容体系,在该体系中,PET和PTT分子间存在着密切的相互作用。     

Thermal and morphological characterization of poly(ethylene terephthalate)/calcium carbonate nanocomposites

Nanocomposites composed of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) filled with calcium carbonate particles of nanometer scale were prepared by polymerizing the polyester in the presence of the nanosized fillers. Besides plain calcium carbonate, carbonate nanoparticles coated with stearic acid were also used, in order to improve the compatibility between the polymeric matrix and nanofillers. Morphological analysis evidenced a good dispersion of both the nanopowders into the PET matrix, especially in the case of coated calcium carbonate. The strong interfacial adhesion between the two phases is also responsible for the increase of the glass transition and melting temperatures in the nanocomposites compared to plain PET. Finally, non-isothermal crystallization studies revealed that the coated CaCO₃ is a good nucleating agent for PET. Analysis of non-isothermal crystallization data with the Ozawa theory was successful for plain PET and PET/un-CaCO₃, but this method failed to describe the dynamic solidification of the PET/c-CaCO₃ nanocomposite.     

无机填料对PET结晶行为、力学性能和流变性能的影响

利用差示扫描量热仪（DSC）研究了碳酸钙,滑石粉等无机填料对PET等温结晶行为的影响,并与适于PET用的有机钠盐类成核剂NA作了对照结果表明,滑石粉比酸钙更有利于PET结晶速度的提高,当滑石粉用量为5％（质量）,其对PET等温结晶速度的贡献接近1％（质量）有机成核剂NA的贡献,而且,滑石粉的加入明显提高了PET拉伸强度和弯曲模量,而成核剂NA的使用虽然有助于PET弯曲模量的提高,却使PET拉伸强度,弯曲强度,特别是冲击强度减小,这可能是由于碳酸钙和滑石粉对PET是异相成核,对PET分子量影响不太大,而成核剂NA却是通过与PET反应生成PET钠盐而促进结晶的,其副作用是导致PET分子降解,表现为PET／NA体系的熔体粘度最低。     

镧化物改性超细碳酸钙对PET非等温结晶行为的影响

用DSC研究了镧化物改性超细碳酸钙与成核剂NA对PET非等温结晶行为的影响,并对其结晶成核能力进行了分析。结果表明,各成核剂均使PET的结晶温度和结晶度提高,结晶峰半峰宽变窄。非等温结晶动力学分析表明各样品的Avrami指数介于3～5,成核剂的加入使PET的结晶动力学常数增加而半结晶时间缩短。根据过冷温度和过热温度,成核剂的结晶成核能力大小顺序为UCaCO3-5La3+>NA>UCaCO3-10La3+>UCaCO3-1La3+。     

Nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of poly(ethylene terephthalate) nanocomposites

This article reports the nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) nanocomposites. The non-isothermal crystallization behaviors of PET and the nanocomposite samples are studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Various models, namely the Avrami method, the Ozawa method, and the combined Avrami-Ozawa method, are applied to describe the kinetics of the non-isothermal crystallization. The combined Avrami and Ozawa models proposed by Liu and Mo also fit with the experimental data. Different kinetic parameters determined from these models prove that in nanocomposite samples intercalated silicate particles are efficient to start crystallization earlier by nucleation, however, the crystal growth decrease in nanocomposites due to the intercalation of polymer chains in the silicate galleries. Polarized optical microscopy (POM) observations also support the DSC results. The activation energies for crystallization has been estimated on the basis of three models such as Augis-Bennett, Kissinger and Takhor methods follow the trend PET/2C20A < PET/1.3C20A < PET, indicating incorporation of organoclay enhance the crystallization by offering large surface area.     

PET共聚酯结晶性能的研究

用ＤＳＣ，广角Ｘ射线衍射等方法研究了ＰＥＴ共聚酯的结晶行为，并与纯ＰＥＴ体系作了比较。以冷结晶峰温，等温结晶半周期ｔ１／２及结晶度等来表征它们的性能。结晶表明，共聚酯对ＰＥＴ结晶有明显的促进作用，共聚体系中再加入成核剂具有加和的促进作用，共聚体系的结晶度比纯ＰＥＴ体系和共聚核剂体系的高。     

Structure and properties of impact modified polyethylene terephthalate

In this paper, we investigate the orientation behavior of impact modified PET. Core-shell particles, a metallocene polyethylene (mPE) and glycidyl methacrylate modified mPE (gmPE) were blended with PET using single screw extrusion. Morphology, crystallinity, orientation development and mechanical properties of oriented blends were studied following different orientation conditions. It was observed that core-shell impact modifier added to PET does not affectits orientation behavior and that the particles do not deform. Non-reactive mixing with mPE does not affect the orientation developed in PET for the same draw ratio, but the stress levels are affected (higher) due to an earlier crystallization of PET. Reactive blending with gmPE enhances the orientation of PET and the stress levels when orienting are higher than for pure PET, due to an earlier crystallization of PET and strain hardening of mPE being oriented, which indicate a good adhesion at the interface. The elongation at break is affected positively in many cases with the addition of a modifier, particularly gmPE, which is an indication of an improved toughness.     

乙基纤维素修饰PET纤维的结晶性能

采用乙基纤维素对拉伸后的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯纤维(PET)进行表面修饰,研究PET纤维被修饰后的结晶行为。在差示扫描量热仪(DSC)上进行非等温实验,发现未修饰PET纤维的结晶峰尖锐且峰值高,而修饰后PET纤维的结晶峰变宽、变小;随着拉伸比的增加,未修饰PET纤维的结晶峰变化不明显,而修饰后的PET纤维,随着拉伸比的增加,结晶峰峰位逐渐向低温方向移动。修饰后PET纤维的过冷程度、结晶最快时间和结晶半时间均大于未修饰PET纤维,表明表面修饰后的PET纤维结晶速率较慢。     

PET/SiO2纳米复合材料的结晶和形貌研究

利用X射线衍射仪、DSC和扫描电子显微镜研究了纳米SiO2不同含量的PET/SiO2复合材料在恒温条件下的结晶度、熔化温度和晶体形貌。结果发现,SiO2纳米粒子含量对复合材料的结晶速度有很大影响;球晶尺寸与SiO2纳米粒子添加量密切相关。