固溶温度对00Cr25NB5AlTi合金冷轧板组织及力学性能和耐蚀性的影响

研究了00Cr25Ni35AlTi合金冷轧板900～1150℃固溶处理后的组织以及室温和350oC时的力学性能。并用电化学动电位再活化法测定了该合金的晶间腐蚀敏感性。结果表明,随着固溶温度的升高,该合金的晶粒尺寸逐渐增大,强度降低,塑性提高,晶间腐蚀敏感性也增加。在1000℃固溶时,合金可获得均匀细小的奥氏体晶粒,晶粒度≥9级,且具有良好的力学和耐晶间腐蚀性能。     

碳含量对C-276合金组织及晶间腐蚀敏感性的影响

选取不同碳含量的C-276合金板材样品,先对样品进行固溶处理,随后在900 ℃下进行不同时间的敏化处理。采用ASTM G28中A法,对固溶及敏化后的C-276样品进行晶间腐蚀敏感性试验,得出C-276材料的晶间腐蚀年腐蚀率随敏化时间的增加而增加,即延长敏化时间会增加C-276合金的晶间腐蚀敏感性。固溶状态下,高碳型C-276合金晶间腐蚀敏感性高于低碳型C-276合金;而在900 ℃敏化30 min以后,低碳型C-276合金呈现出更高的晶间腐蚀敏感性。采用金相显微镜和扫描电镜（SEM）研究碳含量对C-276合金显微组织的影响,固溶态下,低碳型合金晶界和晶粒内部均未发现有明显析出相,而高碳型C-276合金在部分晶界和晶粒内部分布着颗粒状富含Mo的析出相μ相。敏化过程中,无论低碳还是高碳型C-276合金,其析出相均为富含Mo的M6C型碳化物。高碳型C-276合金中,由于μ相对Mo元素起到钉扎作用,导致富含Mo的碳化物析出速度减缓,因此在敏化后,高碳型C-276合金具有更低的晶间腐蚀敏感性。      

固溶处理对Inconel 690合金组织和力学性能的影响

 研究了不同固溶处理制度对Inconel 690合金组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明：Inconel 690合金在1 050 ℃以上固溶处理时,组织充分固溶;在950~1 150 ℃温度范围内固溶处理时,晶粒正常长大,晶粒长大激活能Q=309 kJ/mol;当固溶温度为1 050 ℃,在不同固溶时间下,晶粒尺寸与室温力学性能符合Hall Petch关系式,合金强化机制主要为细晶强化。     

固溶温度对GH4202合金组织及拉伸性能的影响

为充分挖掘沉淀强化型镍基高温合金GH4202管材性能,以满足我国航天新型发动机的要求,研究了固溶处理温度对合金组织及拉伸性能的影响规律.结果表明,在1 050~1 075℃范围固溶处理后合金晶粒度无明显变化,当固溶温度升至1 100℃时,合金局部出现异常晶粒长大,当固溶温度达到1 150℃时,合金晶粒均匀长大.随固溶温度升高,合金晶界硼、碳化物数量明显减少,由链状向孤立的颗粒状转变.随固溶温度升高,GH4202合金室温及高温拉伸强度均呈降低趋势,尤其以屈服强度降低幅度最为显著.合金的室温面缩率随固溶温度升高而降低,且降低幅度较大,但室温断裂延伸率变化并不显著;700℃下合金的断面收缩率与断裂延伸率随固溶温度的变化均表现为先升高后降低的趋势.GH4202合金最佳固溶处理工艺为1 110℃保温30 min后水冷,此时合金晶粒度为5.0级、晶界碳化物呈细小链状,晶内沉淀强化γ'相弥散析出,可保证合金具有优异的室温及高温力学性能.     

固溶温度对GH2787合金组织性能的影响

研究了GH 2787合金在不同固溶温度处理后的组织性能.结果表明,在900、940和980℃固溶处理时,GH 2787合金的晶粒尺寸分别为20、30和40μm.当固溶温度低于γ'溶解温度时,GH 2787合金中的γ'相分布均匀,并有少量针状的η相出现.900℃固溶处理时,GH 2787合金硬度、屈服强度和拉伸强度最高.GH 2787合金的主要强化方式为γ'相沉淀强化和晶界强化.     

固溶参数对热轧Cu-3Si-2Ni合金晶粒长大的影响

研究了固溶温度和保温时间对热轧Cu-3Si-2Ni合金晶粒长大的影响。在875℃固溶处理时,合金晶粒长大缓慢,晶粒长大动力学指数很小,只有0.153。n值随固溶温度的提高而增大。Cu-3Si-2Ni合金在850℃到875℃范围内,保温60min,晶粒均匀长大,晶粒粗化不明显。晶粒长大的表现激活能为Q=80.11kJ/mol,晶粒长大是通过晶界空位扩散的晶界迁移机制;当固溶温度超过875℃,晶粒明显粗化。     

不同热处理制度对GH4169合金板材微观组织和硬度性能的影响

研究了不同的固溶温度和时间对GH4169合金晶粒度、δ相和硬度的影响。结果显示,当固溶时间保持在60 min,固溶温度升高至1 005℃时,部分区域δ相回溶较多,个别晶粒长大;固溶温度升高至1 020℃时,合金完成静态再结晶,且δ相基本上完全回溶,基体晶粒已经长大;试样的硬度随着固溶温度升高而逐渐降低。当固溶时间不变,固溶温度从1 040℃提高至1 080℃时,残留δ相继续回溶,晶粒也会继续长大;但在此固溶温度范围内,固溶时间的延长却并不会使δ相和晶粒发生明显变化。在高温固溶期间,当温度超过1 060℃或者时间超过9 min时,硬度不再随着固溶温度和时间的变化而发生有规律的变化。     

固溶处理对GH3128合金奥氏体晶粒长大的影响

研究了固溶温度和保温时间对GH3128合金奥氏体晶粒长大的影响。结果表明:随着固溶温度的升高和保温时间的延长,奥氏体晶粒尺寸逐渐增大;与保温时间相比,加热温度对晶粒尺寸的影响更显著;当固溶温度≥1 180℃时,随着温度的升高或保温时间的延长奥氏体晶粒长大速率明显加快,当固溶温度1 180℃时,保温时间对奥氏体晶粒的长大影响较小;通过线性回归分析建立了GH3128合金在不同固溶温度和保温时间下的晶粒长大模型。     

固溶时效工艺对GH4169高温合金组织和性能的影响

本文通过G H4169合金在不同热处理工艺条件下的固溶和时效处理实验,研究了固溶温度和时效温度对合金的微观组织和性能的影响.结果表明:720℃时效处理工艺下,1050℃以上固溶处理,晶粒明显细化,1100℃下晶粒最细,随着固溶处理温度的升高,时效析出的第二相含量增加;620℃时效处理工艺下,1050℃固溶时效析出相的含...     

热连轧GH4169合金晶粒的长大规律

对热连轧GH4169合金在固溶处理过程中晶粒长大规律进行了系统的研究。研究结果表明,该合金δ相溶解温度在990~1 000℃之间,δ相对晶粒长大有显著阻碍作用,在低于δ相溶解温度进行固溶处理时,析出的δ相使得晶粒长大缓慢;在高于δ相溶解温度以上时,晶粒随温度的升高快速长大。晶粒长大动力学表明：在高于δ相固溶线温度以上进...     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.