共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 0 毫秒
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Lili Meng Ruixin Bian Cheng Guo Bojie Xu Huan Liu Lei Jiang 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2018,30(25)
Recent years have witnessed the booming development of transparent flexible electrodes (TFEs) for their applications in electronics and optoelectronic devices. Various strategies have thus been developed for preparing TFEs with higher flexibility and conductivity. However, little work has focused on TFEs with anisotropic conductivity. Here, a facile strategy of directional liquid transfer is proposed, guided by a conical fibers array (CFA), based on which silver nanowires (AgNWs) are aligned on a soft poly(ethylene terephthalate) substrate in large scale. After further coating a second thin layer of the conductive polymer poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate), a TFE with notable anisotropic conductivity and excellent optical transmittance of 95.2% is prepared. It is proposed that the CFA enables fine control over the receding of the three‐phase contact line during the dewetting process, where AgNWs are guided and aligned by the as‐generated directional stress. Moreover, anisotropic electrochemical deposition is enabled where the Cu nanoparticles deposit only on the oriented AgNWs, leading to a surface with anisotropic wetting behavior. Importantly, the approach enables alignment of AgNWs via multiple directions at one step. It is envisioned that the as‐developed approach will provide an optional approach for simple and low‐cost preparation of TFE with various functions. 相似文献
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Xiao Han Khalil T. Hassan Alan Harvey Dejan Kulijer Adrian Oila Michael R. C. Hunt Lidija Šiller 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2018,30(23)
Aerogels are the least dense and most porous materials known to man, with potential applications from lightweight superinsulators to smart energy materials. To date their use has been seriously hampered by their synthesis methods, which are laborious and expensive. Taking inspiration from the life cycle of the damselfly, a novel ambient pressure‐drying approach is demonstrated in which instead of employing low‐surface‐tension organic solvents to prevent pore collapse during drying, sodium bicarbonate solution is used to generate pore‐supporting carbon dioxide in situ, significantly reducing energy, time, and cost in aerogel production. The generic applicability of this readily scalable new approach is demonstrated through the production of granules, monoliths, and layered solids with a number of precursor materials. 相似文献
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In this review a strategy for the design of bioinspired, smart, multiscale interfacial (BSMI) materials is presented and put into context with recent progress in the field of BSMI materials spanning natural to artificial to reversibly stimuli‐sensitive interfaces. BSMI materials that respond to single/dual/multiple external stimuli, e.g., light, pH, electrical fields, and so on, can switch reversibly between two entirely opposite properties. This article utilizes hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity as an example to demonstrate the feasibility of the design strategy, which may also be extended to other properties, for example, conductor/insulator, p‐type/n‐type semiconductor, or ferromagnetism/anti‐ferromagnetism, for the design of other BSMI materials in the future. 相似文献
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Steven E. Naleway Michael M. Porter Joanna McKittrick Marc A. Meyers 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2015,27(37):5455-5476
Eight structural elements in biological materials are identified as the most common amongst a variety of animal taxa. These are proposed as a new paradigm in the field of biological materials science as they can serve as a toolbox for rationalizing the complex mechanical behavior of structural biological materials and for systematizing the development of bioinspired designs for structural applications. They are employed to improve the mechanical properties, namely strength, wear resistance, stiffness, flexibility, fracture toughness, and energy absorption of different biological materials for a variety of functions (e.g., body support, joint movement, impact protection, weight reduction). The structural elements identified are: fibrous, helical, gradient, layered, tubular, cellular, suture, and overlapping. For each of the structural design elements, critical design parameters are presented along with constitutive equations with a focus on mechanical properties. Additionally, example organisms from varying biological classes are presented for each case to display the wide variety of environments where each of these elements is present. Examples of current bioinspired materials are also introduced for each element. 相似文献
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Wen Yang Irene H. Chen Bernd Gludovatz Elizabeth A. Zimmermann Robert O. Ritchie Marc A. Meyers 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2013,25(1):31-48
Fish, reptiles, and mammals can possess flexible dermal armor for protection. Here we seek to find the means by which Nature derives its protection by examining the scales from several fish (Atractosteus spatula, Arapaima gigas, Polypterus senegalus, Morone saxatilis, Cyprinius carpio), and osteoderms from armadillos, alligators, and leatherback turtles. Dermal armor has clearly been developed by convergent evolution in these different species. In general, it has a hierarchical structure with collagen fibers joining more rigid units (scales or osteoderms), thereby increasing flexibility without significantly sacrificing strength, in contrast to rigid monolithic mineral composites. These dermal structures are also multifunctional, with hydrodynamic drag (in fish), coloration for camouflage or intraspecies recognition, temperature and fluid regulation being other important functions. The understanding of such flexible dermal armor is important as it may provide a basis for new synthetic, yet bioinspired, armor materials. 相似文献
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Maria Moffa Anna Giovanna Sciancalepore Laura Gioia Passione Dario Pisignano 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2014,10(12):2439-2450
The major cause of synthetic vessel failure is thrombus and neointima formation. To prevent these problems the creation of a continuous and elongated endothelium inside lumen vascular grafts might be a promising solution for tissue engineering. Different micro‐ and nano‐surface topographic cues including grooved micro‐patterns and electrospun fibers have been previously demonstrated to guide the uniform alignment of endothelial cells (ECs). Here, with a very simple and highly versatile approach we combined electrospinning with soft lithography to fabricate nanofibrous scaffolds with oriented fibers modulated by different micro‐grooved topographies. The effect of these scaffolds on the behavior of the ECs are analyzed, including their elongation, spreading, proliferation, and functioning using unpatterned random and aligned nanofibers (NFs) as controls. It is demonstrated that both aligned NFs and micro‐patterns effectively influence the cellular response, and that a proper combination of topographic parameters, exploiting the synergistic effects of micro‐scale and sub‐micrometer features, can promote EC elongation, allowing the creation of a confluent ECs monolayer in analogy with the natural endothelium as assessed by the positive expression of vinculin. Combining different micro‐ and nano‐topographic cues by complementary soft patterning and spinning technologies could open interesting perspectives for engineered vascular replacement constructions. 相似文献
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聚乳酸与多糖都是生物可降解、生物相容性材料,将聚乳酸的力学性能优越性和多糖的生物学优越性能综合利用起来,设计生物仿生材料是一种制备生物医用材料的新手段。文中综合讨论了聚乳酸与多糖接枝改性的最新研究进展,同时对于这类生物仿生材料目前存在的问题以及前景进行了评估。 相似文献
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Alan J. Ryan Cathal J. Kearney Nian Shen Umar Khan Adam G. Kelly Christopher Probst Eva Brauchle Sonia Biccai Carolina D. Garciarena Victor Vega‐Mayoral Peter Loskill Steve W. Kerrigan Daniel J. Kelly Katja Schenke‐Layland Jonathan N. Coleman Fergal J. O'Brien 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2018,30(15)
Electroconductive substrates are emerging as promising functional materials for biomedical applications. Here, the development of biohybrids of collagen and pristine graphene that effectively harness both the biofunctionality of the protein component and the increased stiffness and enhanced electrical conductivity (matching native cardiac tissue) obtainable with pristine graphene is reported. As well as improving substrate physical properties, the addition of pristine graphene also enhances human cardiac fibroblast growth while simultaneously inhibiting bacterial attachment (Staphylococcus aureus). When embryonic‐stem‐cell‐derived cardiomyocytes (ESC‐CMs) are cultured on the substrates, biohybrids containing 32 wt% graphene significantly increase metabolic activity and cross‐striated sarcomeric structures, indicative of the improved substrate suitability. By then applying electrical stimulation to these conductive biohybrid substrates, an enhancement of the alignment and maturation of the ESC‐CMs is achieved. While this in vitro work has clearly shown the potential of these materials to be translated for cardiac applications, it is proposed that these graphene‐based biohybrid platforms have potential for a myriad of other applications—particularly in electrically sensitive tissues, such as neural and neural and musculoskeletal tissues. 相似文献
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Meng Li Taehoon Kim Giulia Guidetti Yu Wang Fiorenzo G. Omenetto 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2020,32(40):2004147
Artificial microcilia structures have shown potential to incorporate actuators in various applications such as microfluidic devices and biomimetic microrobots. Among the multiple possibilities to achieve cilia actuation, magnetic fields present an opportunity given their quick response and wireless operation, despite the difficulty in achieving localized actuation because of their continuous distribution. In this work, a high-aspect-ratio (>8), elastomeric, magnetically responsive microcilia array is presented that allows for wireless, localized actuation through the combined use of light and magnetic fields. The microcilia array can move in response to an external magnetic field and can be locally actuated by targeted illumination of specific areas. The periodic pattern of the microcilia also diffracts light with varying diffraction efficiency as a function of the applied magnetic field, showing potential for wirelessly controlled adaptive optical elements. 相似文献
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Hui Zhang Yufei Ma Yijie Wang Lin Niu Rui Zou Min Zhang Hao Liu Guy M. Genin Ang Li Feng Xu 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2023,19(1):2204498
Soft–hard tissue interfaces in nature present a diversity of hierarchical transitions in composition and structure to address the challenge of stress concentrations that would otherwise arise at their interface. The translation of these into engineered materials holds promise for improved function of biomedical interfaces. Here, soft–hard tissue interfaces found in the body in health and disease, and the application of the diverse, functionally graded, and hierarchical structures that they present to bioinspired engineering materials are reviewed. A range of such bioinspired engineering materials and associated manufacturing technologies that are on the horizon in interfacial tissue engineering, hydrogel bioadhesion at the interfaces, and healthcare and medical devices are described. 相似文献
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Chaoqun Zhang Daniel A. Mcadams II Jaime C. Grunlan 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2016,28(30):6292-6321
Through billions of years of evolution and natural selection, biological systems have developed strategies to achieve advantageous unification between structure and bulk properties. The discovery of these fascinating properties and phenomena has triggered increasing interest in identifying characteristics of biological materials, through modern characterization and modeling techniques. In an effort to produce better engineered materials, scientists and engineers have developed new methods and approaches to construct artificial advanced materials that resemble natural architecture and function. A brief review of typical naturally occurring materials is presented here, with a focus on chemical composition, nano‐structure, and architecture. The critical mechanisms underlying their properties are summarized, with a particular emphasis on the role of material architecture. A review of recent progress on the nano/micro‐manufacturing of bio‐inspired hybrid materials is then presented in detail. In this case, the focus is on nacre and bone‐inspired structural materials, petals and gecko foot‐inspired adhesive films, lotus and mosquito eye inspired superhydrophobic materials, brittlestar and Morpho butterfly‐inspired photonic structured coatings. Finally, some applications, current challenges and future directions with regard to manufacturing bio‐inspired hybrid materials are provided. 相似文献
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Anran Mao Jiewei Chen Xiaochen Bu Lulu Tian Weiwei Gao Eduardo Saiz Hao Bai 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2023,19(35):2301144
Because of its light weight and high strength, bamboo is used in many applications around the world. Natural bamboo is built from fiber-reinforced material and exhibits a porous graded architecture that provides its remarkable mechanical performance. This porosity gradient is generated through the unique distribution of densified vascular bundles. Scientists and engineers have been trying to mimic this architecture for a very long time with much of the work focusing on the effect of fiber reinforcement. However, there still lacks quantitative studies on the role of pore gradient design on mechanical properties, in part because the fabrication of bamboo-inspired graded materials is challenging. Here, the steep and continuous porosity gradient through an ingenious cellular design in Moso bamboo is revealed. The effect of gradient design on the mechanical performance is systematically studied by using 3D-printed models. The results show that not only the magnitude of gradient but also its continuity have a significant effect. By introducing a continuous and large gradient, the maximum flexural load and energy absorption capability can be increased by 40% and 110% when comparing to the structure without gradient. These bamboo-inspired cellular architectures can offer efficient solutions for the design of damage tolerant engineering structures. 相似文献