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纳米科技是21世纪科技战略的制高点。综述了纳米材料和纳米科技的若干最新进展,着重介绍了纳米科技在电子学、生物学、国防、先进陶瓷等领域的应用和我国目前纳米产业化的状况。 相似文献
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详细分析了纳米材料产业化所具有的共性规律,提出了纳米材料产业化须经历小试、中试、工业化试验、市场开拓、垄断期生产、稳定生产期、衰退期等7个阶段,阐述了每个阶段的特点、目的及相互联系。通过上述分析,提出了纳米材料规模化生产必须建立面向过程特殊性的单元操作理论和过程放大的方法论。以纳米粉体合成过程的动力学、微观混合及液相反应的放大为例进行了详细的论述。还分析了纳米粉体应用所面临的共性问题,特别是分散、表面改性及稳定性问题,提出了解决上述问题的最新进展。通过分析中国众多纳米粉体企业的现实状况,还就纳米材料从研究到工业化必须解决的接口不畅及企业的机制问题,对有志于纳米技术的投资者提出了建议。 相似文献
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Nanophase技术公司准备将他们新近开发的NanoArc氧化锌产业化。NanoArc是一种利用等离子体技术制备表面化学性能可严格控制的纳米材料新技术.目前该技术已经申请专利。NanoArc氧化锌是一种无孔。分散性好。颗粒大小均一的单晶纳米材料。该公司声称.他们开发的这种纳米材料粒径小于35nm,粒径分布范围窄、纯度高、分散性好。它也能够与许多材料掺杂制备电化学性能改进的材料。 相似文献
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北京市重大科技项目“非晶、纳米晶制品研究及产业化”日前通过政府相关部门组织的验收,这标志着我国在相关纳米材料的产品体系、工艺设备及产业化能力方面跨入了世界先进行列。有关专家表示,新材料在工艺设计上瞄准“神舟”六号飞船等重大科技项目,有望应用于未来的航天飞行器。 相似文献
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1999年末,在国家经贸委、国家教育部、中科院和青岛市政府共同主持的“99全国产学研洽谈会签约仪式”上,青岛化工学院首先与青岛海尔集团签订了协议,共同投资3000万元建立“海尔—青岛化工学院纳米材料产业化基地”,随后,该院又与青岛喜盈门集团公司签订了建立“青岛喜盈门纳米技术发展基地”的协议,联合开发生产新型的纳米高科技产品———纳米无机材料抗菌纺织品。“制备全国第一,应用也走在前面”崔作林教授,博士生导师,青岛化工学院纳米研究所所长,山东省专业技术拔尖人才,国家科委聘任的“纳米材料软课题组”成员。张志琨教授,博士生导… 相似文献
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E. V. Rodina 《Polymer Science Series C》2012,54(1):88-95
Owing to the assortment of functional groups, peptides are capable of self-assembly and formation of regularly patterned supramolecular complexes. Peptide-based nanomaterials offer promise for medicine, engineering, and bioimaging. The present review surveys the structure and characteristics of filaments formed by peptides of various secondary structures and their further assembly into 2D and 3D nanomaterials. Possible application areas of self-assembling peptide systems, including the synthesis of inorganic nanomaterials, are considered. 相似文献
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Alla Pivkina Polina Ulyanova Yurii Frolov Sergey Zavyalov Joop Schoonman 《Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics》2004,29(1):39-48
Nanophase materials and nanocomposites, characterized by an ultra fine grain size (less than 100 nm) have attracted wide spread interest in recent years by virtue of their unusual mechanical, electrical, optical, magnetic, and energetic properties. Studies have shown that the thermal behavior of nano‐scaled materials is quite different from micron‐sized powders. Nanosized metallic and explosive powders have been used as solid propellant and explosive mixtures to increase efficiency. At the same time recent studies reveal that the presence of nanosized metals in propellants does not necessary translate into an increased burning rate and burning temperature. The reasons of this effect are far from being clear. This paper presents a new approach to the production of nanocomposites of some energetic materials – ammonium nitrite, cyclotrimethylene trinitramine (RDX), and aluminum – by the vacuum co‐deposition technique. The thermal behavior of the synthesized nanopowder and nanocomposites is investigated. A substantial difference in burning rate of RDX nanopowder has been found in comparison to micron‐sized material. Experimental results allow investigating the effects of nanosized materials on the combustion characteristics. 相似文献
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纳米材料是近年来受到人们极大关注的新型课题,由于其具有许多特殊微观结构和性质,使其广泛应用于电子、化工、轻工、纺织、军事和医学等领域。然而纳米材料研究和发展的一个重要环节就是材料的制备。新材料制备工艺和过程的研究与控制对纳米材料的微观结构和性能具有重要的影响。文章叙述了目前纳米材料的制备与合成方法,包括物理方法和化学方... 相似文献
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Yu. V. Frolov A. N. Pivkina P. A. Ul'yanova S. A. Zav'yalov 《Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves》2002,38(6):709-713
For the first time, vacuum condensation was used to prepare nanomaterials for high-energy systems. At the first stage of the study, nanodispersed ammonium nitrate and RDX were obtained, and chemically pure crystallites of either substance with a mean size of 50 nm were subsequently extracted from the powders obtained. At the second stage, simultaneous vacuum evaporation and condensation of the two components were used to obtain a composite material containing nanocrystal-force microscopy were employed to identify the phase composition of the crystallites and determine their morphology and sizes. The crystallite size of the synthesized two-component composite material is shown to be no greater than 100 nm. Key words: nanoparticles, nanocomposites, energy materials, vacuum condensation, combustion. 相似文献
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D. V. Kuznetsov D. V. Lysov A. A. Nemtinov A. S. Shaleiko V. A. Korol’kov 《Refractories and Industrial Ceramics》2010,51(2):61-63
Ashort review is presented of prospects for using nanomaterials in various refractory technologies, and an estimate is given of existing and future directions of their use for improving the operating properties of refractories. The possibility of controlling material properties at the atomic level makes it possible to create new innovative refractory materials and technology. 相似文献