电沉积Ni-P非晶纳米SiC复合镀层的工艺研究

为了提高非晶镀层的硬度,在Ni-P镀液中加入高硬度、高耐磨性的纳米微粒SiC,采用电沉积方法制备了Ni-P非晶纳米SiC复合镀层.研究了工艺温度、电流密度和镀液中SiC浓度对非晶纳米复合镀层中P含量和SiC纳米颗粒分布的影响,并用扫描电镜对镀层表面进行了观察,通过纳米显微力学探针测量了镀层硬度.结果表明:随电流密度增大和镀液中SiC含量的增加,镀层中纳米SiC的复合量增加;镀液温度在60℃时,镀层中SiC含量最大,复合镀层的硬度显著提高,可达到7.4 GPa,比普通的Ni-P非晶镀层大为提高.     

Ni-Co/纳米ZrO_2复合材料的电化学行为及摩擦磨损性能

通过超声辅助电沉积的方法,在加入粒径为50nm的ZrO_2粉体的氨基磺酸盐镀液中制备了Ni-Co/纳米ZrO_2复合镀层。利用电化学方法(线性扫描伏安法、循环伏安法)对沉积动力学进行分析。通过XRD,SEM和EDS分别对复合镀层的微观结构、表面形貌和相组成等进行表征。同时,对镀层进行了纳米压痕测试和旋转摩擦测试。结果表明,Co~(2+)的电沉积行为遵循3D"成核/生长"机制,合金共沉积电位为-0.72V,复合共沉积电位为-0.70V。ZrO_2纳米粒子的加入降低了体系的极化度,使得电极过程更容易进行。纳米ZrO_2的添加量为15g/L时,镀层硬度、弹性模量以及硬模比分别为6.13GPa,291GPa和0.026;摩擦因数为0.3273,磨损量为0.55×10~(-5)g/m,分别为Ni/Co合金的3/4和1/2,超声和纳米粒子的协同作用能够明显改善镀层的力学性能。     

用直流和脉冲电沉积制备Ni-Cr纳米复合镀层

应用直流、脉冲电沉积技术分别制备Ni-Cr纳米复合镀层,研究了电沉积方式对其性能的影响。结果表明:随着镀液中Cr浓度的增大.用两种电沉积方式制备的镀层中Cr含量均随着镀液浓度的增加而增加,但是在镀液中Cr浓度相同的条件下脉冲纳米复合镀层的Cr含量比直流纳米复合镀层的高。在900℃氧化24 h后,脉冲纳米镀层的抛物线速度常数低于直流镀层的2.85倍,在含Cl离子和酸性水溶液中其耐蚀性能均优于直流方式制备的纳米复合镀层。脉冲镀层的显微硬度比直流镀层的高2倍。脉冲电沉积能降低镀层表面的浓差极化,控制关断时间,使晶核的形成几率增大,晶核数量增多,从而制备出平整、致密、细化的复合镀层。     

纳米Ni-SiC非晶态复合镀层的制备工艺及性能研究

采用超声-电沉积法,在45钢表面制备纳米Ni-SiC非晶态复合镀层.研究镀液中纳米SiC粒子的悬浮量、超声功率和电沉积条件对复合镀层的影响.利用扫描电镜、电子探针、显微硬度计和摩擦磨损试验机等对复合镀层的形貌、组织结构及性能进行分析研究.结果表明,采用适当的超声-电沉积工艺(SiC粒子的悬浮量4 g/L,超声功率200 W),可以制备性能较好的纳米Ni-SiC复合镀层,其磨损量约为镍镀层的1/5,显微硬度是镍镀层的3倍左右.     

纳米金刚石复合镀层的高温结构稳定性

研究了电沉积法制备的纳米金刚石复合镀层结构的高温稳定性。用氮气保护的管式炉进行纳米金刚石镍钴复合镀层的高温处理。差热法（DSC）分析镀层高温时的物理变化,利用扫描电镜（SEM）观察镀层处理前后的组织形貌,高分辨电镜（HRTEM）观察镀液中纳米金刚石粉的分散性和镀层的结构特征,维氏硬度计测量镀层的显微硬度。结果显示显微硬度在300℃处理后有一个最高值,之后更高的处理温度下基本保持在HV800以上。     

Ni-P-纳米金刚石化学复合镀新技术研究

在Ni-P-化学复合镀工艺的基础上,探索加入纳米金刚石粒子作为硬质点的Ni-P-纳米金刚石共沉积复合镀新工艺技术.进行Ni-P-纳米金刚石非晶态复合镀层的晶化转变过程、及其硬度和耐磨性等的研究,并与Ni-P化学镀层、Ni-P-微米金刚石复合镀层的性能进行比较.结果表明,Ni-P-纳米金刚石共沉积复合镀中,最佳的金刚石添加量为12g/l.复合镀层为非晶态,300℃时镀层开始晶化.随时效温度升高,镀层的显微硬度逐渐升高,到400℃达到峰值,而后因弥散相聚集长大粗化导致硬度下降,复合镀层的耐磨性也随着硬度的变化而变化.     

纳米金刚石复合镀层制备工艺的研究

纳米金刚石复合镀层具有金刚石和纳米颗粒的双重特性,应用前景广阔.采用复合电镀法制备了Ni-纳米金刚石复合镀层,考察了阴极电流密度、镀液pH值以及搅拌强度对纳米复合镀层显微硬度的影响,并分析了Ni-纳米金刚石复合镀层的共沉积过程.结果表明,选择适当的共沉积工艺参数,可以制备出同底材结合牢固,金刚石微粒弥散较均匀的高硬度纳米复合镀层,基质Ni中金刚石粒子的含量与镀面的机械俘获粒子的能力有关.     

Q235A钢电沉积镍的工艺优化

为了进一步探讨Q235A钢电沉积镍层残余应力、力学性能与镀覆工艺参数的关系,以瓦特镀镍液为基础,采用直流电沉积法,在Q235A钢表面电镀镍。采用X射线衍射仪、纳米力学测试系统、表面轮廓测量仪测试了镍镀层的残余应力、显微硬度、弹性模量及表面粗糙度;探讨了电流密度、温度、p H值对镍镀层力学性能的影响规律,以正交试验法优选了最佳工艺。结果表明:电流密度3.0 A/dm2,温度45℃,p H值3.5时,镍镀层的性能最佳,晶粒粒径为34.8 nm,镀层显微硬度达到3.86 GPa,弹性模量达到238 GPa,表面粗糙度为0.182μm。     

铬-纳米金刚石复合镀影响因素的研究

在对市售纳米金刚石进行适当的机械化学改性、分散及分级,制得粒度分布在150nm 以内、浓度可调、分散稳定、不含污染镀液成分的复合镀用纳米金刚石悬浮液的基础上,研究了工艺条件、纳米金刚石粒度和表面状态、镀液中添加表面活性剂对铬-纳米金刚石复合镀镀层性能的影响。结果表明,常规硬铬电镀工艺同样适合于铬-纳米金刚石复合镀;纳米金刚石团聚体解聚、粒度分布均匀和在镀液中稳定分散是得到高性能镀层的前提条件;颗粒能否在阴极粘附足够长的时间形成强吸附是颗粒沉积的关键,标准镀液中加入纳米金刚石镀层显微硬度反而降低,添加表面活性剂镀液中的复合镀层晶粒明显细化、显微硬度提高可达35%。     

脉冲电沉积Ni-P/纳米Al2O3复合镀层的性能

Ni-P/纳米Al2O3复合镀层具有良好的耐磨、耐腐蚀性能,但有关脉冲电沉积Ni-P/纳米Al2O3复合镀层的报道较少.采用脉冲电沉积方法制备了Ni-P/纳米Al2O3复合镀层,研究了复合镀层的表面形貌、结构及其在5%NaCl溶液中的耐腐蚀性能,并对300,400,500℃热处理后的复合镀层的显微硬度进行了测试.结果表明:Ni-P/纳米Al2O3复合镀层的耐蚀性优于1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢,但比Ni-P合金镀层差;随镀液中纳米Al2O3浓度增大,复合镀层的显微硬度提高,镀液中纳米Al2O3浓度为25.0 g/L时制得的复合镀层的硬度为685.5 HV;Ni-P/纳米Al2O3复合镀层经400℃热处理后硬度最高.     

脉冲电沉积法制备Al基Pb—WC—Ce02复合惰性阳极

为了制备性能优良的Al基Pb—WC—CeO：惰性阳极材料,考察了WC、CeO：颗粒浓度对阴极极化的影响,正向脉冲参数、温度和搅拌对沉积速率以及复合镀层表面形貌的影响,并研究了其在锌电解液中的耐蚀性能,确定了脉冲电沉积制备Al基Pb-WC-C02复合镀层的最佳工艺条件：基础镀铅液中添加40g／LWC（粒径1斗m）,30g...     

Pulse and direct electrodeposition of Ni–Co/micro and nanosized SiO2 particles

Ni–Co/SiO₂ composite coating was electrodeposited on the steel substrate. The coatings were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The microhardness of the composite coatings was studied by variation of the electroplating parameters, such as the pulse current (PC) and direct current (DC) electrodeposition methods, deposition temperature, electrolyte pH, concentration of surfactants, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). Zeta potential of SiO₂ particles measurements was performed with various pH, SDS, and CTAB concentrations. The data depict that the hardness of Ni–Co/SiO₂ nanocomposite coatings manufactured by PC electrodeposition increases with the increase of bath temperature, pH, SDS, and CTAB concentration up to 50°C, 4.6, 0.3, and 0.2?g/L, respectively. Beyond mentioned optimum values, the microhardness of nanocomposite coating decreases. Using DC method led to reduce the microhardness. Utilizing SiO₂ microparticles instead of SiO₂ nanoparticles for reinforcing resulted in declining the microhardness. The friction coefficient and wear results demonstrated that using PC method and nanosized particles led to reduce the friction coefficient and increase the resistance to wear. Anodic polarization results illustrated that using SiO₂ nanoparticles and PC method to prepare coating caused corrosion resistance of coating in a 3.5?wt% NaCl solution to enhance.     

Effect of activators on the properties of nickel coated diamond composite powders

Nickel coated diamond composite powders were fabricated via a newly developed direct electrodeposition technique. The effects of activators on the coating of diamond were firstly investigated and diamond grinding wheels were then prepared from Ni-coated diamond composite powders with different activators. The microstructural characterizations of this composite powders were finally conducted by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction, and the mechanical and tribological properties of as-prepared diamond grinding wheels were also measured. There are changes in microstructures and properties of the composite powders with activators. The activator concentration also has an influence on the morphologies and phase structures of the Ni coating on diamond particles.The composite powders with more compact coating of nickel can be prepared by adding 1 g dm~(-3) or more AgNO_3 as an activator to electrodeposit nickel on diamond. The mechanical and tribological properties of diamond grinding wheels were significantly improved when the coating phase structure of Ni crystal grew with(111) plane orientation on the surface of diamond particles. The wheels made from nickel coated diamond composite powders possessed the advantages of easy preparation and outstanding tribological properties. Therefore, Ni coated diamond composite powders exhibit a great potential to be extensively applied in diamond cutting and grinding tools.     

Ni-SiC脉冲电镀工艺对SiC共沉积量及镀层耐磨性的影响

采用脉冲电镀法制备了Ni-SiC复合镀层,考察了镀液中SiC质量浓度、脉冲平均电流密度、镀液pH值对复合镀层中SiC共沉积量及镀层耐磨性能的影响.结果表明:电镀工艺参数的改变影响镀层中SiC的共沉积量以及复合镀层的耐磨性.选择适当的工艺参数,可以制备出SiC共沉积量高、微粒弥散较均匀的耐磨复合镀层.复合镀层的抗磨性能不仅与硬质微粒的共沉积量有关,而且与微粒在镀层中分布的均匀性有很大关系,在共沉积量相同的情况下,微粒的分散性越好,镀层的抗磨损性能就越好.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Cr-ZrO2 Composite Coating Formed by DC and Pulse Electrodeposition

Chromium–zirconia (Cr-ZrO₂) composite coatings were developed on low-carbon steel substrate by direct current (DC) and pulse electrodeposition (PED) technique with different pulse frequency and duty cycles to enhance mechanical properties of the coating. The phases and morphology of the coating were studied with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. Surface mechanical properties were analyzed by micro-hardness and ball-on-plate wear study. It was found that pulsing and higher pulse frequencies refine the matrix and increase the ZrO₂ content in the coating. Apart from fine structure and dispersion, crystallographic orientation of Cr matrix also gives its effect on hardness and wear properties. Wear mechanism was found to be mainly abrasive in nature with little adhesive inclination in case of DC deposition.     

温度和搅拌对甲基磺酸亚锡电镀亚光锡的影响

为提高甲基磺酸盐体系镀锡的质量,在甲基磺酸亚锡镀液中加入自主研发的亚光添加剂进行电镀亚光锡,采用电化学试验、Hull槽试验、扫描电镜等考察了温度和搅拌对甲基磺酸盐体系电镀亚光锡的阴极极化行为、镀层形貌、电流密度范围、沉积效率、沉积速度及镀液成分的影响。结果表明:亚光添加剂能够显著提高电镀亚光锡的阴极过电位、改善镀层质量;搅拌镀液可使浓差极化减小,增大了电镀亚光锡的电流密度范围;镀液温度升高,锡沉积电位正移,晶粒变粗,电流密度范围、电流效率和锡沉积速度均有所提高;温度过高(40～50℃)时,随着电镀时间的延长,镀液中Sn2+浓度升高,甲基磺酸浓度下降,镀液成分变化较大,不利于镀液维护及连续生产。     

复合电沉积法制备Ni-P-W-WC镀层及性能研究

运用电沉积法制备Ni-P-W-WC复合镀层,着重研究了制备工艺和镀层性能.以镀层中碳化钨含量、镀速和镀层外观为指标,探讨了电流密度、电沉积时间、镀液中WC含量、镀液中钨酸钠含量、镀液pH等因素影响规律,确定了复合镀层的最佳工艺条件为:以Ni为阳极、电沉积时间为40 min、镀液中WC含量为14 g/L、镀液中钨酸钠含量为120 g/L、镀液pH为4.0、电流密度是4A/dm2.并用扫描电镜、X-衍射分析仪、阳极极化曲线等手段表征了复合镀层的形貌、结构、耐蚀性、抗氧化性等性能,结果表明,与Ni-P-W复合镀层相比,Ni-P-W-WC复合镀层有良好的综合性能.     

Ti/Pb-WC复合镀电流密度对镀层性能的影响

为了寻找理想的电催化电极及减少制备工序,采用复合电沉积方法在钛基材上制备了Pb-WC镀层.采用SEM、电化学测试等对纯铅层及Pb-WC镀层的表面形貌、元素组成及电化学性能进行了对比研究,分析了电流密度对沉积速率以及镀液中WC浓度对镀层中WC含量的影响.结果表明:电流密度为4 A/dm2,镀液中WC的浓度为30 g/L时...     

不同电沉积方法对Ti/Pb-WC-PANI复合电极催化活性及强化寿命的影响

为了筛选出更优的复合电极制备工艺,采用不同电沉积方法制备了Ti/Pb-WC-PANI复合电极。通过阳极极化曲线、扫描电镜、能谱和XRD分别对脉冲Ti/Pb-WC-PANI复合电极、直流Ti/Pb-WC-PANI复合电极及Ti/Pb电极的析氧特性、镀层形貌、成分和物相进行了分析;同时,对各电极进行了强化寿命测试,比较了不同电沉积方法对Ti/Pb-WC-PANI复合电极催化活性及强化寿命的影响。结果表明:脉冲Ti/Pb-WC-PANI复合电极具有良好的催化活性和强化寿命,具有作为阳极材料应用的价值。     

电沉积法制备块体纳米晶材料的研究进展

综述了电沉积法制备块体纳米晶材料的原理;阐述了电流密度、电流波形、有机添加剂等工艺参数对沉积层晶粒尺寸的影响;介绍了直流电沉积、脉冲电沉积、喷射电沉积和复合电沉积等几种常见的电沉积方法;概述了电沉积法制备块体纳米晶材料的国内外研究现状;探讨了电沉积块体纳米晶材料的力学性能、磁学性能、耐蚀性能、热稳定性及其应用前景.