丙烷脱氢制丙烯技术研究

介绍了几种丙烷脱氢制丙烯技术：催化脱氢、氧化脱氢、膜反应器脱氢。综述了丙烷催化脱氢制丙烯催化剂的研究现状，虽然丙烷催化脱氢生产丙烯虽已实现了工业化，但其催化剂的性能需进一步提高；综述了丙烷氧化脱氢制丙烯反应催化剂的研究现状及膜反应器在丙烷脱氢反应上所具有的优越性，认为研发具有高稳定性和高透氢性能的氢分离膜，将有望能大幅度提高丙烯的收率。     

丙烷脱氢制丙烯技术研究

介绍了催化脱氢、氧化脱氢、膜反应器脱氢等几种丙烷脱氢制丙烯技术,综述了丙烷催化脱氢制丙烯催化剂的研究现状,虽然丙烷催化脱氢生产丙烯已实现了工业化,但其催化剂的性能需进一步提高;对丙烷氧化脱氢制丙烯反应催化剂的研究现状及膜反应器在丙烷脱氢反应上所具有的优越性进行了描述,认为研发具有高稳定性和高透氢性能的氢分离膜,将有望能大幅度提高丙烯的收率。     

丙烷脱氢制丙烯技术进展

综述了丙烷脱氢制备丙烯各催化体系反应机理,探讨了丙烷脱氢制备丙烯工艺流程的进展和最新研究成果,在此基础上指出了该领域今后的发展方向。     

丙烷催化脱氢制丙烯技术研究进展

丙烯是一种重要的有机化工原料和石油化工原料中间体。由于能源结构的改变,近年来在国内外市场的需求量持续增长。丙烷直接脱氢制丙烯技术具有收率高、技术成熟、经济环保等优势,成为当前丙烯生产工艺研究的焦点。本文列举了几种常用的丙烷直接脱氢制丙烯的工艺,对技术方法进行了对比,并对催化剂进行了简述。在此基础上,对丙烷催化脱氢新技术以及催化剂发展前景进行了展望。     

丙烷脱氢制丙烯的技术进展

概述了丙烷脱氢制丙烯工艺的开发进展，包括Ｏｌｅｆｌｅｘ、Ｃａｔｏｆｉｎ、ＳＴＡＲ、Ｌｉｎｄｅ及无机膜催化脱氢等工艺。     

丙烷脱氢制丙烯低温分离工艺分析

为确立丙烷脱氢制丙烯工艺中低温分离单元的最佳制冷流程,采用PRO/Ⅱ8.2化工流程模拟软件,对低温分离单元进行模拟计算,考察了温度和压力对低温分离效果的影响,分析并确立了最佳分离温度和压力范围;在分离效果相同的前提下,分别比较了丙烯+乙烯级联制冷、丙烯预冷+混合制冷和丙烯预冷+富氢气膨胀制冷3种制冷流程的公用工程消耗以及各自的优缺点。结果表明:产品压缩机出口压力对分离效果影响较小,在确保下游装置能够正常操作的情况下,分离压力应尽可能低;分离温度是影响分离效果的主要因素,较为经济的分离温度为-90—-100℃;相对于其他2种流程,丙烯+乙烯级联制冷流程具有技术成熟、能耗低和操作简单等优点,更适合于丙烷脱氢制丙烯工艺。     

丙烷脱氢制丙烯技术的工业化应用

丙烷脱氢技术是指丙烷在催化剂作用下脱氢生产丙烯的技术，目前全世界在该技术的实现上已经开发了多种工艺。文中介绍了丙烷脱氢的基本化学机理，重点说明了已工业化应用的两种丙烷脱氢技术，并进行了比较，对丙烷脱氢技术的应用前景做了分析。     

丙烷氧化脱氢制丙烯研究进展

开发新型丙烯制备工艺对于满足人们日益增长的丙烯需求具有重要意义。由于商业化无氧脱氢技术存在热力学平衡限制、反应温度高、催化剂易积炭等不足,近年来,人们将研究重心转向了丙烷氧化脱氢技术。本文简述了丙烷氧化脱氢制丙烯的发展现状,综述了近年来文献报道的丙烷氧化脱氢催化剂体系（V基、Cr基、Co基、Ni基、Mo基、Pt基、Ce基和非金属基催化剂）、机理研究和不同氧化剂选择,并对各自的优势和不足进行了简单分析。分析发现,虽然目前丙烷氧化脱氢催化剂的种类非常广泛,但产物丙烯的收率仍有待提高,机理研究也需要更加系统和深入。最后指出,系统研究丙烷氧化脱氢机理,并在此基础上开发先进催化剂,进一步提高丙烯的选择性和收率是未来丙烷氧化脱氢研究的重要方向。     

多孔膜反应器中丙烷催化脱氢制丙烯的模拟研究

针对丙烷高效脱氢制丙烯的多孔膜反应器构建了无量纲数学模型并进行了模拟研究,考察了催化剂活性、透氢膜性能、操作条件对多孔膜反应器中丙烷脱氢的转化率、丙烯收率、氢气收率和纯度的影响。结果表明,移走产物氢气可以有效提升膜反应器的性能,其性能的提升程度由不同温压条件下催化剂和透氢膜性能共同决定。高活性催化剂是丙烷高效转化的基础,催化剂活性越高,膜反应器内的产氢速率越快;其次,膜的选择性和渗透通量越高,氢气的移除效率越高,可在最大程度上打破热力学平衡的限制,使反应向生成丙烯的方向移动。当多孔透氢膜的氢气渗透率在10^-7~10^-6 mol·m^-2·s^-1·Pa^-1,H₂/C₃H₈选择性达到100时,其丙烷转化率可以与Pd膜反应器内的转化率相当,但分离的氢气纯度低于Pd膜反应器。与传统的固定床反应器相比,膜反应器由于促进了化学平衡的移动,可以在较低的反应温度下获得相当高的丙烷转化率,且丙烷转化率随着反应压力的增加呈现出一个最大值。该模拟研究可为实际生产过程中膜反应器用于PDH反应的高效强化提供有益的技术指导。     

丙烷脱氢制丙烯生产技术的应用前景

介绍了近年来丙烷脱氢制丙烯生产技术的应用现状,综述了丙烷脱氢主要生产工艺的应用进展,并对丙烷脱氢制丙烯生产技术在国内应用的前景、制约条件和经济性等问题进行了初步分析。     

丙烷脱氢制丙烯催化剂研究进展

丙烷作为天然气和页岩气等的重要成分,其高效催化转化不仅具有重要的理论研究意义,而且具有广阔的应用前景.丙烷直接脱氢制丙烯已成为增产丙烯的有效手段.对丙烷脱氢反应的铂基催化剂、铬基催化剂、碳基催化剂以及钒基催化剂进行综述,重点介绍载体及助剂对铂基及铬基催化剂活性和稳定性的影响,并提出目前丙烷脱氢反应催化剂研究的关键问题,...     

丙烷脱氢制丙烯催化剂中国专利技术进展

介绍了近几年丙烷脱氢制丙烯催化剂中国专利技术,分别论述了铂系催化剂、铬系催化剂和其它催化剂专利技术进展,对丙烷脱氢制丙烯催化剂的发展方向进行了推测。     

Material properties and operating configurations of membrane reactors for propane dehydrogenation

A modeling‐based approach is presented to understand physically realistic and technologically interesting material properties and operating configurations of packed‐bed membrane reactors (PBMRs) for propane dehydrogenation (PDH). PBMRs composed of microporous or mesoporous membranes combined with a PDH catalyst are considered. The influence of reaction and membrane transport parameters, as well as operating parameters such as sweep flow and catalyst placement, are investigated to determine desired “operating windows” for isothermal and nonisothermal operation. Higher Damköhler (Da) and lower Péclet (Pe) numbers are generally helpful, but are much more beneficial with highly H₂‐selective membranes rather than higher‐flux, lower‐selectivity membranes. H₂‐selective membranes show a plateau region of conversion that can be overcome by a large sweep flow or countercurrent operation. The latter shows a complex trade‐off between kinetics and permeation, and is effective only in a limited window. H₂‐selective PBMRs will greatly benefit from the fabrication of thin (～1 µm or less) membranes. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 61: 922–935, 2015     

Modeling and process simulation of hollow fiber membrane reactor systems for propane dehydrogenation

We report a detailed modeling analysis of membrane reactor systems for propane dehydrogenation (PDH), by integrating a two‐dimensional (2‐D) nonisothermal model of a packed bed membrane reactor (PBMR) with ASPEN process simulations for the overall PDH plant including downstream separations processes. PBMRs based on ceramic hollow fiber membranes—with catalyst placement on the shell side—are found to be a viable route, whereas conventional tubular membranes are prohibitively expensive. The overall impact of the PBMR on the PDH plant (e.g., required dimensions, catalyst amount, overall energy use in reaction and downstream separation) is determined. Large savings in overall energy use and catalyst amounts can be achieved with an appropriate configuration of PBMR stages and optimal sweep/feed ratio. Overall, this work determines a viable design of a membrane reactor‐based PDH plant and shows the potential for miniaturized hollow‐fiber membrane reactors to achieve substantial savings. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 63: 4519–4531, 2017     

Oxidative dehydrogenation of propane in a perovskite membrane reactor with multi‐step oxygen insertion

A membrane reactor incorporating a hollow fiber with successive parts of oxygen permeable and passivated surface segments has been developed and was used for the oxidative dehydrogenation (DH) of propane. This membrane geometry allows a controlled oxygen feeding into the reactor over its axial length. In the oxidative DH, the thermodynamic limitation of propane DH can be overcome. By using this novel hollow fiber membrane reactor with a Pt/Sn/K DH catalyst, oxygen separation and propene formation could be established even at temperatures as low as 625°C with long‐term stability. Combining the hollow fiber membrane and the DH catalyst, the highest propene selectivity of 75% was observed at a propane conversion of 26% and 625°C whereas the best propene yield of 36% was obtained at 675°C (48% propene selectivity). The performance of this reactor is evaluated by applying various reaction conditions. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2010     

Propane dehydrogenation to propylene over Pt-based catalysts

Propane catalytic dehydrogenation to propylene was investigated over novel platinum-based catalysts, and the BET, H₂-chemisorption, H₂-TPR, H₂-TPD, C₃H₆-TPD and O₂-pulse techniques were used for catalyst characterization in this paper. The results showed that the addition of Zn and Ce promoters into Pt-based catalyst could remarkably improve the performances of dehydrogenation. Highly propylene selectivity, about 99%, was obtained in the dehydrogenation reaction. This improvement in catalytic performances could be attributed to the strong surface interactions, which modified the surface properties of the active platinum metal and the support, and further improved the catalytic performance of Pt-based catalyst.     

一步法制备多级孔全硅分子筛silicalite-1及其在丙烷脱氢中的应用

调节硅源、原料比例、加料顺序等结晶条件,采用一步水热法直接制备具有多级孔结构和高比表面积的全硅分子筛silicalite-1。SEM,BET及XRD表征表明其平均粒径250 nm,比表面积500 m~2·g~(-1),具有多级孔径结构,NH_3-TPD及红外测试表明其表面具有大量的弱酸位。将其作为催化剂载体,应用到丙烷脱氢制丙烯反应中,表现出优异的催化活性和稳定性。丙烷转化率超过40%,接近平衡转化率,丙烯选择性约95%,连续运行120 h催化性能基本保持稳定,相比传统丙烷脱氢Al2O3载体催化剂体系具有广阔的开发潜力和市场前景。     

丙烷脱氢制丙烯用单原子催化剂研究进展

丙烯是一种重要的有机化工原料和石油化工原料中间体,近年来在国内外市场的需求量持续增长。丙烷直接脱氢制丙烯技术具有收率高、技术成熟、经济环保等优点,备受研究者们的广泛关注。文中综述了丙烷直接脱氢制丙烯用单原子催化剂的研究进展,介绍了单原子催化剂的丙烷脱氢反应机理,探讨了单原子催化剂的失活行为,总结了活性组分、助剂及载体对单原子催化剂催化丙烷脱氢性能的影响,并分析讨论了单原子催化剂在当前研究中存在的问题。最后针对单原子催化剂虽具有优异的丙烯选择性和稳定性,但存在丙烷脱氢活性依旧不足的问题,提出了调控单原子催化剂电子结构促进丙烷脱氢活性的设计思路,为未来丙烷脱氢制丙烯高效单原子催化剂的设计提供了指导方向。