1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑离子液体浸渍硅胶吸附CO2的研究

采用浸渍法将1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸([BMIM]BF4)和1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸([BMIM]PF6)离子液体负载在A型硅胶上,并对负载样品进行了FTIR和CO2吸附表征.研究了不同阴离子种类、离子液体负载量、孔径分布等对CO2吸附性能的影响.结果表明:浸渍法制备的硅胶固载离子液体具有发达的微孔结构,且在0.4 ～ 0.8 nm有连续的分布;对于硅胶负载[BMIM]PF6,离子液体用量对CO2吸附能力的影响并不十分显著;硅胶负载[BMIM]PF6比[BMIM]BF4具有更好的CO2吸附性能,在273 K、0.1 MPa时,浸渍[BMIM]PF6样品的CO2吸附量达到3.68wt％.     

一种碱性蛋白酶在高压CO2-水-乙醇体系中的稳定性

基于超(近)临界流体抗溶剂沉淀法分离与纯化蛋白质的发展，酶以及蛋白质的稳定性是一个关键因素。本工作以碱性蛋白酶粗品(由地衣芽孢杆菌2709发酵生产)为目标蛋白，考察了其在不同CO2压力的作用下，在水-乙醇溶液中的稳定性情况，并进一步探索了酶活降低的原因，寻找保持酶活的办法。实验中所用CO2压力为0～7MPa，温度为35℃，乙醇浓度为0％～20％(wt)。实验结果表明，在一定的实验研究范围内，杂蛋白沉淀出来的同时，碱性蛋白酶可以保持80％以上的相对酶活。实验结果为超(近)临界CO2沉淀法分离与纯化碱性蛋白酶提供了技术保障。     

负载型K2CO3/Al2O3吸收剂吸收CO2反应机理

利用热重分析仪、扫描电镜和氮吸附仪对不同粒径的K₂CO₃颗粒和负载型K₂CO₃/Al₂O₃二氧化碳吸收剂的碳酸化特性进行研究。负载后的吸收剂比表面积和孔隙结构得到较大改善,使得碳酸化反应速率和转化率均提高,吸收剂碳酸化特性得到改善。纯K₂CO₃颗粒吸收剂的反应速率和转化率随着粒径的增加而减小,负载型吸收剂的反应速率和转化率随着粒径的增加略增大。研究了不同粒径和反应时间对K₂CO₃/Al₂O₃颗粒微观结构的影响,结果表明K₂CO₃/Al₂O₃颗粒具有较稳定的微观结构。采用负载型粒子模型对K₂CO₃/Al₂O₃吸收剂吸收CO₂碳酸化过程进行研究,所建立的粒子模型计算结果与试验值吻合较好。利用建立的模型对不同CO₂浓度下K₂CO₃/Al₂O₃吸收剂碳酸化反应特性进行模拟计算,模拟结果具备一定的合理性和准确性,为开展进一步研究提供了基础。     

碱性离子液体-NaOH/MEA混合体系的CO2吸收性能

为了改善有机醇胺与无机碱液对生物质燃气中CO2的吸收性能,制备了具有代表性的4种功能化离子液体:[TMG]+ [C3H4N2]-、[TMG]+[TFEA]-、[MEA]+[BF4]-、[MEA]+[CHOO]-,并按一定的比例分别与NaOH溶液和乙醇胺(MEA)溶液复配组成新型CO2吸收剂,以研究其对CO2的吸收特性.实验结果显示,MEA-[TMG]+[C3H4N2]-、MEA-[MEA]+[CHOO]-和NaOH-[MEA]+[CHOO]-对CO2的吸收去除率高于单纯的MEA和NaOH溶液,而MEA-[TMG]+[TFEA]-、MEA-[MEA]+[BF4]-和NaOH-[MEA]+[BF4]-对CO2的去除率则低于单纯碱液吸收剂.同时发现,当离子液体[MEA]+[CHOO]-与MEA的混合比例为2∶3时,混合溶剂对CO2的吸收效果比MEA溶液的显著提高,生物质燃气中CO2去除率从91.3％增加至95.7％.     

杂质离子对MgCl2和CO2反应-萃取-醇析耦合过程的影响

通过反应-萃取-醇析耦合过程,将MgCl₂和CO₂制备成碳酸镁和氯化氢气体是盐湖老卤资源化利用的有效途径。系统地研究了老卤中Na⁺、K⁺、Ca²⁺对MgCl₂和CO₂反应-萃取-醇析耦合过程得到的固体产物晶型晶貌的影响。结果表明,Na⁺和K⁺对耦合过程的影响相似,固体产物均为高纯棒状三水碳酸镁（MgCO₃·3H₂O）,且Na⁺和K⁺均能选择性吸附在MgCO₃·3H₂O晶体的轴面（101）,阻碍该晶面的生长,使得棒状MgCO₃·3H₂O直径变小;Ca²⁺对反应-萃取-醇析耦合过程有不利的影响,由于CaCl2能参与反应,生成球状无定形纳米钙镁碳酸盐,使得三水碳酸镁纯度降低。     

离子液体支撑液膜的CO2/CH4分离性能

由于离子液体对CO₂具有较好的溶解选择性,离子液体支撑液膜分离CO₂越来越受到关注。比较了含3种不同阴离子的常规离子液体([bmim][BF₄]、[bmim][PF₆]、[bmim][Tf₂N])作为支撑液膜的液膜相分离CO₂/CH₄的性能,考察了咪唑环上烷基链长对离子液体支撑液膜性能的影响。考虑向离子液体中引入胺基和羧基等亲CO₂基团,制备了1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑丙氨酸离子液体([bmim][β-Ala]),考察了 [bmim][β-Ala]支撑液膜分离CO₂/CH₄的性能,并对在CO₂渗透测试前后的支撑液膜进行了FT-IR分析,发现氨基酸离子液体中的-NH₂和CO₂的较强作用以及该离子液体的高黏性影响了CO₂的透过性,使[Bmim][β-Ala]支撑液膜的CO₂透过率低。     

离子液体支撑液膜分离CO2的研究进展

总结了离子液体支撑液膜分离CO2的研究进展,简要分析了气体在离子液体支撑液膜中的传质机理;介绍了离子液体支撑液膜的制备方法及影响离子液体支撑液膜稳定性的因素;指出了今后用于分离CO2的离子液体支撑液膜的发展方向。     

离子液体中电化学还原CO2研究评述与展望

近百年来,伴随着矿石燃料的大量消耗,CO₂的排放量剧增,引发了全球性的生态环境和社会问题。CO₂同时也是廉价且可再生的碳资源,可作为生产醇、醚、酸、酯等重要化工品的原料。在众多吸引力十足的CO₂利用路线中,作为清洁、可控的反应过程,电化学还原固定CO₂技术在温和条件下生产化学品方面具有独特的优势。离子液体以其特有的性质被广泛用于电化学还原CO₂过程,本文对目前国内外离子液体介质中电化学还原CO₂的研究现状进行了综述,介绍了离子液体介质中电化学还原CO₂的主要反应及基本原理;针对离子液体对CO₂高效活化和转化等关键科学问题进行深入探讨,提出新型功能化离子液体的应用将成为CO₂电化学还原领域的发展方向和热点。     

超临界CO2萃取的番茄红素稳定性研究

系统研究了温度、光、氨气保护、氧化剂和还原剂对超临界CO2萃取番茄红素稳定性的影响。研究表明,温度升高,番茄红素稳定性急剧下降;蔽光和氮气保护能有效的提高番茄红素的稳定性;氧化剂加速其分解;适宜浓度的还原剂可以有效的提高其稳定性。     

Gemini胺功能离子液体吸收CO2的研究

受亲水有机胺与CO2进行化学反应的启发,将胺功能基团能引入到咪唑环上,合成含胺功能基团的离子液体.本研究以四个亚甲基为连接基,合成含胺功能基团的Gemini咪唑离子液体1,4一二(溴化3-乙胺基咪唑)丁烷,所合成的物质经红外、核磁共振氢谱表征确为目标产物.进行了简单的吸收实验,其对CO2的吸收比物理吸收高很多,可与CO...     

Synthesis and characterization of switchable ionic compound based on DBU,CH3OH,and CO2

Switchable ionic compounds have wide applications in chemical processes. A switchable ionic compound based on 1,8-diazabicyclo-[5.4.0]-undec-7-ene (DBU), CH₃OH and CO₂ was synthesized and characterized. DBU/ CH₃OH/CO₂ ionic compound was prepared in the presence of excess methanol, and then the excess methanol was removed by reduced pressure distillation in CO₂ atmosphere. The product yield (100%) reached the theoretical maximumfor the first time. Its structurewas identified by NMR, FT-IR, and XRD. The crystal product shows 8 strong peaks in XRD at 2θ values of 16.0547°, 16.4308°, 16.7651°, 18.8714°, 19.2140°, 21.9471°, 22.0780°, and 25.5661°. Its decomposition onset temperature (53 ℃) was affirmed by TGA, which is lower than its melting point. And its ionic switch point was measured by conductivity.     

Enhanced gravimetric CO2 capacity and viscosity for ionic liquids with cyanopyrrolide anion

Ionic Liquids (ILs) are considered as alternative solvents for the separation of CO₂ from flue gas due mainly to their CO₂ affinity and thermal stability. The cation architecture in a matrix of ammonium and mostly phosphonium‐based ILs with 2‐cyanopyrrolide as the anion to evaluate its impact on gravimetric CO₂ absorption capacity, viscosity, and thermal stability and the three fundamental properties vital for application realization are systematically investigated. Among the investigated ILs, [P2,2,2,8][2‐CNpyr] demonstrated the lowest viscosity, 95 cP at 40°C, and highest CO₂ uptake, 114 mg CO₂ per g IL at 40°C. Combined effects of asymmetry and the optimized chain lengths also resulted in improved thermal stability for [P2,2,2,8][2‐CNpyr], with a mass loss rate of 1.35 × 10^?6 g h^?1 (0.0067 mass % h^?1) at 80°C. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 61: 2280–2285, 2015     

离子液体二氧化碳分离膜研究进展

离子液体支撑液膜在较大跨膜压差（0.25～0.3MPa）下的稳定性较差,具有较好稳定性的聚离子液体膜和离子液体-聚合物共混膜等逐渐被关注。本文综述了离子液体支撑液膜、聚离子液体膜、离子液体?聚合物共混膜等离子液体膜CO2分离性能、分离机理及稳定性的最新研究进展,介绍了无机颗粒-离子液体-聚合物共混膜的研究现状。指出离子液体膜的高CO2渗透通量与高稳定性之间的矛盾、共混膜结构调控难等问题是其工业化应用的主要障碍,提出开发新的膜材料、改进制膜工艺以减小膜厚、优化膜结构是提高膜的CO2渗透和分离性能,并保持膜稳定性的有效途径。无机颗粒-离子液体-聚合物共混膜兼有较高的CO2分离性能和较好稳定性,具有良好的应用前景,对其制备方法、结构、性能及CO2分离机理的研究将成为这一领域的热点。     

Effect of CO2 Exposure on the Chemical Stability and Mechanical Properties of BaZrO3‐Ceramics

The reactivity of BaZrO₃ with CO₂ has been addressed as one of the major challenges with BaZrO₃‐based electrolytes in protonic ceramic fuel cells. Here, we present a study of the effect of CO₂ exposure on BaZrO₃‐materials at elevated temperatures. Dense BaZr_1?xY_xO_3?x/2 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2) and BaCe_0.2Zr_0.7Y_0.1O_2.95 ceramics were prepared by sintering of powder prepared by spray pyrolysis. The Vickers indentation method was used to determine the hardness and estimate the fracture toughness of pristine materials as well as the corresponding materials exposed to CO₂. Formation of BaCO₃ on the surface of exposed ceramics was confirmed by X‐ray diffraction and electron microcopy. The reaction resulted in formation of Ba‐deficient perovskite at the exposed surface. The reaction with CO₂ was most pronounced at 650°C compared to the other temperatures applied in the study. The reactivity was also shown to depend on the Y‐content and the grain size and was most pronounced for BaZr_0.9Y_0.1O_2.95. The reaction with CO₂ was observed to have a profound effect on the fracture toughness of the ceramics, demonstrating a depression of the mechanical stability of the materials. The results are discussed with respect to the chemical and mechanical stability of BaZrO₃ materials, with particular emphasis on the composition and grain size.     

离子液体萃取分离有机物研究进展

离子液体是一种结构可调的绿色溶剂,在催化、分离和电化学等领域具有广泛应用,特别是在有机物萃取分离方面,由于其低挥发性及功能可调,避免了传统有机溶剂可能导致的VOCs二次污染,有望成为绿色高效的新型萃取剂。本文系统地综述了离子液体在萃取分离烃类化合物、有机酸、醇类、酚类以及天然产物中的应用研究进展,详细论述了离子液体萃取分离有机物的萃取机理和影响因素,离子液体与溶质分子之间强的氢键、π-π、范德华力以及静电作用使其具有良好的萃取分离能力,表明离子液体是一类可替代有机溶剂实现高效萃取分离有机化合物的潜在溶剂。针对实际工作应用,还需解决其高黏度、高成本等问题,此外萃取后离子液体的回收仍是其大规模应用而需要亟待解决的难题。     

Aprotic phosphonium-based ionic liquid as electrolyte for high CO2 electroreduction to oxalate

In this study, a new CO₂ electroreduction electrolyte system consisting of tetrabutylphosphonium 4-(methoxycarbonyl) phenol ([P₄₄₄₄][4-MF-PhO]) ionic liquid (IL) and acetonitrile (AcN) was designed to produce oxalate, and the electroreduction mechanism was studied. The results show that using the new IL-based electrolyte, the electroreduction system exhibits 93.8% Faradaic efficiency and 12.6 mA cm⁻² partial current density of oxalate at −2.6 V. The formation rate of oxalate is 234.4 μmol cm⁻² h⁻¹, which is better than those reported in the literature. The mechanism study using density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveals that [P₄₄₄₄][4-MF-PhO] can effectively activate CO₂ molecule through ester and phenoxy double active sites. In addition, in the phosphonium-based ionic environment, the potential barriers of the key intermediates *CO₂⁻ and *C₂O₄²⁻ are reduced by the induced electric field, which greatly facilitates the activation and conversion of CO₂ molecule to oxalate.     

State of the art of ionic liquid-modified adsorbents for CO2 capture and separation

The enormous emission of carbon dioxide (CO₂) from industries has triggered a series of environmental issues. In recent years, ionic liquids (ILs) as novel absorbents are widely used for CO₂ capture owing to their low vapor pressure and tunable structures. IL-modified adsorbents have the advantages of both ILs and porous supports, such as high CO₂ selectivity and high specific surface area, which are novel agents to capture CO₂ with broad application prospects. In this review, more than 140 IL-modified adsorbents for CO₂ capture in recent years were systematically summarized. The types of ILs including conventional ILs and functionalized ILs on CO₂ separation performance of different IL hybrid adsorbents, and their adsorption mechanisms were also discussed. Finally, future perspectives on IL-modified adsorbents for CO₂ separation were further posed.