荆襄化工公司试行比价采购

自 7月中旬湖北荆襄化工 (集团 )有限责任公司推行亚星购销比价管理经验后 ,各有关部门在原有物资采购管理程序文件的基础上 ,于 7月底结束拟定新的比价采购管理程序文件工作。并在采购行为实施单位的物资公司从 8月份开始按建立的价格信息比价网络率先试行物资比价采购。荆襄化工公司试行比价采购@李道清     

询比价上传下载在ERP系统的应用

本文结合大庆石化ERP系统应用案例,指出通过实施应用ERP辅助系统,物资采购中的询比价业务部分通过上传下载方式,能够避免报价信息的重复录入,降低业务人员的工作量,为ERP系统的平稳运行和采购业务的顺利开展提供有力保障。     

南橡比价采购降本增利

南京橡胶厂是全国生产橡胶杂品的骨干企业之一，现拥有一个国内最大的聚氨酯胶辊生产基地———南京金三力聚氨酯有限责任公司，两个分别生产精密橡胶制品、工程橡胶制品的分厂。在橡胶行业经营不景气的情况下，南橡的效益仍稳定增长。今年上半年该厂实现工业总产值２５１５万元，销售收入２７９０万元，同比分别增长１７．５％和２４．７％。实现利税３０６万元，同比增加７０万元。由于工厂进一步加强了内部管理，在物资采购上继续实施和完善比价采购的管理法，仅此一项，今年上半年就降本增利１３．５万元。一、推行比价采购方法努力降低…     

降低成本的有效途径：石家庄橡一推行比价采购成效显著

石家庄第一橡胶股份有限公司在不断加强企业内部管理的同时，积极推行原材料比价采购，通过货比三家、择优采购、大幅降低了采购成本。２０００年该公司除消化了涨价等因素外，主要原辅材料的采购成本比上年节约１００．８５万元，有效降低了企业生产成本，比价采购取得了显著成效。１．建章立制规范采购行为过去，该公司存在着采购渠道窄、采购价格个人说了算、采购行为缺乏有效监督现象，使得采购成本比较高。为改变这种状况，该公司从健全制度入手，对物资采购原则、价格的确定、进货的验收、票据的审核报销以及奖励处罚等进行了全面规定…     

基于“项目”的集团化采购方式的探讨

对于某一类的项目设立专门的项目集中采购专业单位,由项目集中采购专业单位对项目集中采购物资统一实施采购和过程控制,能够有效降低采购成本,强化项目物资采购管理,提高物资采购管理水平。项目集中采购可以作为一种集团化采购的形式。     

降低采购成本 提高企业效益—浅谈我公司物资采购中的比价指标

论述了比价标采购的重要性。并通过渭化集团公司比价招标采购的实例,论证了运用比价手段,引入竞争机制,就能“选择择廉”,降低企业成本,提高企业经济效益。     

浅议实施采购项目管理对提高采购效益的影响

随着现代科学技术和管理方式的快速发展,传统的物资采购管理模式已经难以满足企业对物资管理的需求。物资采购管理在一定程度上反映了一个企业的战略能力,也是企业综合竞争力的一种体现,而且它己经被视为企业一系列价值增值的过程。企业要实现自身生产经营的良好运行,就必须重视并提高企业的物资采购管理能力。企业内部科学的物资采购管理模式也己经成为企业生存和发展的核心要素之一。因此,如何有效地运用供应商资源,不断优化和改进物资采购的项目管理,已经成为物资采购面临的重大课题。本文通过阐述物资采购实施项目管理对企业经营与发展的重要性,对如何改进方法提高物资采购效益作一些探讨。     

再造泸天化物资采购流程建立现代采购管理模式

应用现代企业管理理论,针对泸天化物资采购的现状与问题,提出理想的现代物资采购模式,再造泸天化物资采购流程,建立现代采购管理模式。     

B2B电子商务的超市化采购方式研究

通过对中国石化物资采购电子商务平台的采购方式、适应情况及运行效果的分析,探索将超市化采购方式引入B2B电子商务,并结合超市化采购的优势及其物资品种要求,着重从理论和实际采购数据两方面分析需求物资的基本属性,研究适合纳入超市化采购的物资品种,提出电子化超市的实现方案,为新一轮管理提升寻找突破点。     

探究优化油田物资采购管理

油田物资采购是油田后勤补给工作的重要工作内容。物资采购是否能够顺利进行,所采购的物资的质量是否符合国家相关的规定将会对油田的勘探工作和生产工作产生十分巨大的影响。因此,为了确保油田的勘探工作和生产工作能够正常进行,我们就必须要做好油田物资采购的管理工作,通过强化管理来确保所采购的物资的质量能够符合相关的要求。     

MSDS与化工企业的国际接轨

化学品安全说明书(ＭＳＤＳ)和化学品安全注意事项商标警语(Ｗａｒｎｉｎｇ Ｌａｂｅｌ)是化工企业融入全球经济的重要法律规范,是化工产品出口北美和国内销售的通行证,是化工企业必须掌握的国际法律规范。本文论述了编制和应用ＭＳＤＳ、Ｗａｒｎｉｎｇ Ｌａｂｅｌ的重要性以及ＭＳＤＳ和ＷａｒｎｉｎｇＬａｂｅｌ的内容和要求     

Glyceride isomerizations in lipid chemistry

Isomerization of isopropylidene glycerol ketals and benzylidene glycerol acetals was studied, and isoraerization equilibria were established. Reaction of benzaldehyde with glycerol gave four benzylidene glycerol isomers, which were separated by column chromatography and characterized by NMR spectroscopy and other methods. Isomerization of 1- and 2-monoglycerides and of 1,2- and 1,3-diglycerides, and their separation by column chromatography, are described. Mechanisms of isomerization in mono- and diglycerides and factors which affect them are discussed. Isomerization of 1- and 2-glycerophosphates and of cyclic glycerophosphates by acid and base was also studied. Hydrolysis products of L-3-glycerylphosphorylcholine and 2-glycerylphosphorylcholine were separated by column chromatography and characterized by periodic acid oxidation, optical rotation, and NMR spectroscopy. No isomerization of unhydrolyzed L-3-glycerylphosphorylcholine and 2-glycerylphosphorylcholine was observed. Evidence indicated that acid-catalyzed hydrolyses of phosphoglycerides are under thermodynamic control whereas most base-catalyzed hydrolyses are under kinetic control.     

Analysis of Calotropis gigantea,Acacia Caesia and Abelmoschus Ficulneus seeds

The percentage contents of oil and protein in the seeds of Calotropis gigantea Linn. (Asclepiadaceae), Acacia caesia Willd., syn. A. intsia (Leguminosae) and Abelmoschus ficulneus Wight & Arm., syn. Hibiscus ficulneus Linn. (Malvaceae) were 30.8, 8.8 and 14.4, and 19.0, 11.7 and 20.0, respectively. The major fatty acid was 18:1 in C. gigantea and 18:2 in the other two seeds oils. Malvalic, sterculic and dihydrosterculic acids were present in small quantities in A. ficulneus seed oil. The major essential amino acids in the seed proteins were phenylalanine, lysine and histidine in C. gigantea, threonine and arginine in A. caesia and lysine and phenylalanine in A. ficulneus.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Annona squamosa</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Catunaregam nilotica</Emphasis> Seeds,the Effect of the Extraction Method on the Oil Composition

Annona squamosa and Catunaregam nilotica seeds and oils were characterized for their approximate analysis and physico-chemical properties. The oil and protein contents were 26.8, 17.5 and 40.0, 22.2%, in A. squamosa and C. nilotica seeds, respectively. The oils were extracted using cold extraction (CE) and Soxhlet extraction (SE) methods. Fatty acids and tocopherols were determined by GC–MS and HPLC, respectively. Generally the physico-chemical properties and fatty acids were not significantly (P ≤ 0.05) affected by the extraction methods. The major fatty acids of A. squamosa oil extracted by CE and SE were oleic 49.2 and 50.5%, linoleic 22.3 and 22.7%, palmitic 15.6 and 15.2%, and stearic 10.6 and 9.3%, respectively. While the major fatty acids in C. nilotica oil extracted by CE and SE were oleic 10.5, and 10.4%, linoleic 63.1 and 63.4%, palmitic 9.7 and 9.8% and stearic 5.1 and 5.4%, respectively. The tocopherol content of CE and SE extracted oils from A. squamosa amounted to 16.6 and 15.5 and from C. nilotica amounted to 110.5 and 107.7 mg/100 g oil, respectively, with delta-tocopherol as the predominant tocopherol in A. squamosa oil, and beta-tocopherol in C. nilotica oil. The total amount of amino acids was found to be 7.266 and 14.202 g/100 g protein, in seeds of A. squamosa and C. nilotica, respectively.     

The use of liposomes in the modification of polycaprolactone fibers

Polycaprolactone is fully bioresorbable and biocompatible material. Liposomes containing nanocopper, nanosilver, and nanogold are known to have antifungal and antibacterial properties and to further aid in the synthesis of collagen and elastin in the skin. It is possible to combine the properties of polycaprolactone fibers and liposomes in new approaches to deliver active substances through cosmetics and medicines. The aim of the research was to examine the possibility of simple modification of PCL fibers with use of nanocopper, nanogold, and nanosilver incorporated liposomes. The size and the type of the liposomes were examined using optical microscopy and DLS techniques. The fibres modified with liposomes were investigated using SEM and FTIR techniques. Additionally the contact angle measurements were performed. The study shows an innovative method of modifying polycaprolactone nonwoven textiles. This combination of PCL fibers and liposomes allows easy and efficient preparation and delivery of active substances to a particular location. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43299.     

我国东海4种赤潮藻的细胞氮磷营养储存能力对比

以我国东海海域近年来的4种代表性赤潮藻(硅藻中肋骨条藻和尖刺拟菱形藻、甲藻东海原甲藻和链状亚历山大藻)作为研究对象,测定和对比了其细胞氮磷营养储存能力及藻细胞利用胞内储存营养进行生长繁殖的生长潜力. 结果表明,2种甲藻的RN值(41.5和42.4)和RP值(4.3和10.7)都明显高于2种硅藻的RN值(2.6和6.0)和RP值(2.5和1.2),4种赤潮藻在生活史策略上的差异决定了我国东海春季甲藻赤潮与硅藻赤潮呈现出演替型爆发的态势;2种甲藻的tN值(5.32和6.81 d)和tP值(2.08和4.31 d)明显高于2种硅藻的tN值(0.56和1.24 d)和tP值(0.53和0.13 d),2种甲藻的高生长潜力和k-生活史策略都有助于我国东海春季东海原甲藻和链状亚历山大藻伴生赤潮呈现出长时间持续的态势.     

Ethical issues in biotechnologies and international trade

Natural and physical sciences are based on determinable facts. What is ethical, as distinct from illegal, is largely a matter of opinion. Scientific and industrial activities related to ancient and modern biotechnologies are among the most critically scrutinised for ethical probity by social activists and journalists. The practices and products of biotechnologies should be judged both deontologically – by motivation and intention, and teleologically – by determinable consequence. Bioethical criteria have been proposed by governments, medical practitioners and philosophers for many centuries. During the past decade, various scientifically competent organisations, national and international, have formulated comprehensive protocols by which to determine effectiveness and safety of novel foods, pharmaceuticals and other biologicals, including those derived from genetically modified organisms. Means and opportunities by which to satisfy the health and nutritional needs of impoverished nations and communities differ significantly from those who enjoy greater affluence. It is distinctly unethical for Europeans and North Americans, whose food and health securities are not at risk, to impose their ethical predilections on poorer nations. Equally reprehensible are the diverse tariff and non‐tariff barriers to equitable international trade, and acts of biopiracy inflicted upon poorer nations. As a wise Asian sage has observed, the planet's resources and scientific ingenuity are sufficient to satisfy everyone's need, but not everyone's greed. Present and predictable world‐wide demand for bioscientists and bioengineers exceeds best estimates of supply. Systematically planned, long‐term investments by governments and bioindustries to generate adequate qualified men and women are urgently needed. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry.     

Enzymes-Assisted Extraction of Plants for Sustainable and Functional Applications

The scientific community and industrial companies have discovered significant enzyme applications to plant material. This rise imparts to changing consumers’ demands while searching for ‘clean label’ food products, boosting the immune system, uprising resistance to bacterial and fungal diseases, and climate change challenges. First, enzymes were used for enhancing production yield with mild and not hazardous applications. However, enzyme specificity, activity, plant origin and characteristics, ratio, and extraction conditions differ depending on the goal. As a result, researchers have gained interest in enzymes’ ability to cleave specific bonds of macroelements and release bioactive compounds by enhancing value and creating novel derivatives in plant extracts. The extract is enriched with reducing sugars, phenolic content, and peptides by disrupting lignocellulose and releasing compounds from the cell wall and cytosolic. Nonetheless, depolymerizing carbohydrates and using specific enzymes form and release various saccharides lengths. The latest studies show that oligosaccharides released and formed by enzymes have a high potential to be slowly digestible starches (SDS) and possibly be labeled as prebiotics. Additionally, they excel in new technological, organoleptic, and physicochemical properties. Released novel derivatives and phenolic compounds have a significant role in human and animal health and gut-microbiota interactions, affecting many metabolic pathways. The latest studies have contributed to enzyme-modified extracts and products used for functional, fermented products development and sustainable processes: in particular, nanocellulose, nanocrystals, nanoparticles green synthesis with drug delivery, wound healing, and antimicrobial properties. Even so, enzymes’ incorporation into processes has limitations and is regulated by national and international levels.     

果蓬类原料致密成型特征及其机制炭质量分析

以山核桃、油茶和板栗3类果蓬为原料,研究了此类原料与杉木、松木屑在不同配比条件下对果蓬类致密成型特征及其机制炭质量的影响。证实了果蓬类原料因纤维素含量、木质素含量与杉木、松木存在差异,且因较高的灰分含量限制,需与杉木或松木屑等原料在一定配比条件下才可实现良好的致密成型。而配比选择试验结果则表明,果蓬原料与杉木、松木屑混合原料以3:7比例配料为宜;在此条件下,制备的机制炭外形平直无裂缝,得率为 33.85%~36.73%,固定碳含量 79.80%~86.20%,热值28.96~31.92 MJ/kg。     

Formation and reactivity of nitrides I. Review and introduction

Methods of nitride production are summarised and their thermodynamics surveyed. Crystal structures and types of bonding in binary and ternary nitride compounds are classified and discussed. Kinetics of nitride formation are related to structural changes in the materials, which control diffusion of metals and nitrogen and cause nitride scaling. Metal nitridation with ammonia and nitride formation during ammonia synthesis are discussed. Information so far available on the sintering of nitrides and its effect on their chemical reactivity is reviewed. This effect is influenced by additives or impurities such as oxides formed by partial nitride hydrolysis and oxidation. Sintering and hot pressing increase the resistance of nitrides to hydrolysis and oxidation, so that they become more suitable for use as refractories. Often, corrosion resistance of nitride layers on metal surfaces is impaired by poor scaling resistance in air or oxygen at comparatively low temperatures. The kinetics and products of oxidation of nitrides so far studied, notably AlN, TiN and UN, depend mainly on the intrinsic reactivity of the material and the available surface at which oxidation can occur. Subsequent work will be concerned with changes in phase composition, surface area and crystallite and aggregate sizes and their correlation with production, sintering, hydrolysis and oxidation conditions for single and mixed nitrides. Suitable experimental techniques are summarised in this paper.