微腔结构顶发射有机白光器件

结合微腔效应,通过调节不同发光层的厚度制作了顶发射有机白光器件.器件结构为Si/Ag/Ag2O/m-MTDATA/NPB/DPVBi/DCJTB:Alq3/Alq3/LiF/Al/Ag,其中DPVBi,DCJTB与Alq3的掺杂层分别作为蓝光和红光发光层,在选定490 nm的谐振波长时,通过调节DPVBi和掺杂层的厚度来实现对器件发光色度的调节.当DPVBi厚度为1 nm,电压为9 V时,器件的色坐标为(0.33,0.34),非常接近白光等能点.此项工作为利用微腔效应制作高效率高亮度顶发射白光器件奠定了基础.     

双发光层白光有机电致发光器件的研究

将DCJTB掺杂入Alq3中,作为黄光发光层,制作了一种基于新型蓝光材料PAA的白光有机电致发光器件(OLED).器件的结构为ITO/NPB/PAA/Alq3:DCJTB/Alq3/Mg:Ag,通过PAA层的蓝光与Alq3:DCJTB层的黄光混合实现了很好的白光发射.结果表明,器件在4.6V时启亮,在5.2V时达到最大...     

采用双发光层制作白色有机电致发光器件的工艺研究

利用白色OLED是一种实现全彩色显示的方法,因为白光加滤色膜的方式可以获得红、绿、蓝三基色。文章采用双发光层方法,即TBPe掺杂到ADN中作为蓝色发光层,DCJTB掺杂到Alq3中作为红色发光层,从而实现白光显示,器件结构为:ITO/CuPc/NPB/ADN∶TBPE(15nm)/Alq3∶DCJTB(15nm)/Alq3(35nm)/LiF/Al。文章主要研究了发光层厚度和掺杂材料浓度的变化对白色OLED器件发光性能的影响,最终确定了发光层厚度和掺杂剂浓度,当蓝色发光层厚度15nm,红色发光层厚度15nm,TBPe的掺杂浓度(质量分数)为2.8%,DCJTB的掺杂浓度为1.5%时,可以获得最佳的白色器件。与三元共蒸单发光层结构不同,该方法工艺简单,操作过程容易控制,实验重现性高,色纯度好。     

发光层混合掺杂的白光OLED器件

制备了白光OLED器件,器件结构为:ITO/2T-NATA(15nm)/NPB(25nm)/ADN:TBPe[(20-x)]nm、ADN:TBPe:DCJTB(xnm)/Alq3(20nm)/LiF(1nm)/Al(100nm)。研究了ADN:TBPE:DCJTB层厚度从0～8nm变化时对器件发光的影响。实验结果表明,当ADN:TBPE:DCJTB层厚度为0时,器件发蓝光;随着ADN:TBPE:DCJTB层厚度的增加,器件发光的色坐标从蓝光区进入白光区,在ADN:TBPE:DCJTB层厚度为6～8nm时得到色坐标较好的白光器件。     

有机微腔蓝光发射二极管的研制

利用玻璃/DBR/ITO/NPB/NPB:二萘嵌苯/TAZ/Alq/Al器件结构,研制了有机微腔蓝光发射二极管.将激光染料二萘嵌苯掺于空穴传输材料NPB中作为发光层,Alq为电子传输层,为防止未参与复合的空穴到达金属电极,在NPB:二萘嵌苯和Alq之间引入一薄层TAZ,所研制的微腔器件的峰值位于456 nm,器件表现为较纯的蓝光发射,色坐标为x=0.165,y＝0.088.微腔器件的最大亮度为2 500 cd/m2,最大发光效率为0.23 cd/A.     

掺杂发光体对红色有机电致发光的影响(英文)

为了研究掺杂发光体对红色有机电致发光二极管的增强效果,将DCJTB和C545T分别掺入Alq3,制备了双发光层的OLED器件,器件结构为玻璃/ITO/4 ,4′,4″-tris[2-naphthylphenyl-1-phenylamino]triphenyla-mine (2T-NATA)/N,N′-di (naphthalene-1-yl)-N,N′-diphenyl benzidine ( NPB)/tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum ( Alq3):4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-tert-butyl-6 (1 ,7 ,7 ,7-tetramethyljulolidin-4-yl-vinyl)-4 H-pyran(DCJTB)/Alq3:10-(2-benzothiazolyl)-2 ,3 ,6 ,7-tetrahydro-1 ,1 ,7 ,7 ,-tetramethyl-1 H,5 H,11 H-(1)-benzopy-ropyrano-(6 ,7-8-i ,j)quinolizin-11-one (C545T)/Alq3/LiF/Al ,并且将其与单发光层的红、绿光器件相比较。实验结果表明,与单发光层的红光器件相比,加入绿光发光层的红光器件的发光特性被增强了,这种双发光层器件的最优掺杂比例为[Alq3:(2 .5 %)C545T]/[ Alq3:(1 .5 %)DCJTB](质量分数) ,在电压为11 .5 V时得到最大发光亮度为6 830 cd/ m2,在11 V电压时能得到4 .59 cd/A的最大电流效率。但是,这种方法的缺点是削弱了红光的色纯度。     

NPB蓝色有机电致发光器件的性能优化研究

基于结构为ITO/NPB/BCP/Alq3/Mg:Ag的NPB(N,N’-bis(1-naphthyl)-N,N’-diphenyl-1,1’-biphenyl-4,4’-diamine)蓝色有机电致发光器件,利用Alq3的空穴阻挡能力及高的荧光效率优化了器件结构。具有不同厚度Alq3空穴阻挡层的器件性能测试结果表明,Alq3对器件发光亮度影响明显,选择适当的Alq3厚度可使得器件的发光亮度提高大约两倍。电致发光光谱测试结果表明,器件的发光基本来自NPB的蓝色发光,而Alq3扮演了辅助发光层的作用。     

基于PEN柔性衬底的顶发射微腔OLED性能研究

设计了结构为Ag/MoOx空穴注入层(HIL)/有机层/LiF/Al/Ag/Alq3的柔性有机电致发光器件(FOLED),研究通过改变HIL层的厚度改变腔长实现对微腔效应的调节,制备了性能优化的微腔FOLED。通过器件性能的对比,得到了可用Ag作为反射阳极的顶发射微腔FOLED全彩显示器件优化结构,即蓝、绿和红FOLED对应的优化HIL层厚度分别为100nm、120nm和160nm。     

空穴传输层厚度对有机发光二极管性能的影响

采用聚乙烯基咔唑(PVK)作为空穴传输层,8-羟基喹啉铝(Alq3)作为发光层,制备了结构为ITO/PVK/Alq3/Mg∶Ag/Al的有机发光二极管(OLED),通过测试器件的电流-电压-发光亮度特性,研究了空穴传输层厚度对OLED器件性能的影响,优化了器件功能层的厚度匹配.实验结果表明,OLED的光电性能与空穴传输层的厚度密切相关,空穴传输层厚度为15nm时,OLED器件具有最低的启亮电压,最高的发光亮度和最大的发光效率.     

多层掺杂白光有机电致发光器件的光谱稳定性

分析了分别以Al/LiF为复合阴极和以Ca:Al合金为阴极的两种掺杂型白光有机电致发光器件在不同驱动电流下的EL光谱以及色坐标的变化。器件结构分别为:Al/LiF/Alq3:C545T/Alq3:DCJTB/ADN:TBP/NPB/2T-NATA/ITO/Glass;Ca:Al/Alq3:C545T/Alq3:DCJTB/AND:TBP/NPB/2T-NATA/ITO/Glass。并利用直接载流子俘获(DCT)过程和能量传递(ET)过程对器件的发光机理进行了讨论。结果发现:两种白光器件的EL光谱波峰位置几乎是相同的,且不随电流的改变而变化;在相同驱动电流下,以Al/LiF为复合阴极的器件的绝对光谱较强;随着驱动电流的变化,对于Ca:Al合金为阴极的白光器件,其相对光谱及色坐标的变化相对较小,并且在较低的驱动电流下色坐标就能达到比较稳定的状态。说明以Ca:Al合金为阴极有利于提高OLEDs的EL光谱的稳定性。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks