Change management in health services: the South African experience

The purpose with this article is to describe the principles of change management in health services, as experienced in South Africa to date. The driving forces are highlighted, followed by a brief explanation of the three phases in change management. The principles and process of change management, as applied to the South African health system, are described as perceived by the author. The paper was read as an invited presentation at the Commonwealth Nurses Federation's General Meeting and workshop on 13 June 1997 in Vancouver, Canada.     

The moderating effects of performance ambiguity on the relationship between self-efficacy and performance.

Recent research (e.g., Vancouver & Kendall, 2006; Vancouver, Thompson, Tischner, & Putka, 2002; Vancouver, Thompson, & Williams, 2001) has challenged the conventional view of self-efficacy as a positive influence on performance, finding a negative within-person relationship between self-efficacy and performance. In the current study, performance ambiguity is examined as a potential boundary condition for this negative self-efficacy effect. As hypothesized, self-efficacy was negatively related to subsequent performance under conditions of high ambiguity but was positively related to performance when performance ambiguity was low. Additionally, the study evaluates key mediating processes underlying the relationship between self-efficacy and performance, finding support for the role of performance perceptions and effort allocation. The results of this study help to establish the scope of the phenomenon and suggest potential means of inhibiting the negative self-efficacy effects. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

2009 reports of the regional associations.

Presents reports from the regional psychological associations, including: Eastern Psychological Association (Report of the 80th Annual Meeting); Midwestern Psychological Association (Report of the 81st Annual Meeting); New England Psychological Association (Report of the 49th Annual Meeting); Rocky Mountain Psychological Association (Report of the 79th Annual Meeting); Southeastern Psychological Association (Report of the 55th Annual Meeting); Southwestern Psychological Association (Report of the 55th Annual Meeting); Western Psychological Association (Report of the 89th Annual Meeting); and Southern Society for Philosophy and Psychology (Report of the 101st Annual Meeting). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

1998 reports of the regional Associations.

Presents the reports of the regional Associations for 1998. The reports included here are: Eastern Psychological Association--Report of the Sixty-Ninth Annual Meeting; Midwestern Psychological Association--Report of the Seventieth Annual Meeting; New England Psychological Association--Report of the Thirty-Eighth Annual Meeting; Rocky Mountain Psychological Association--Report of the Sixty-Eighth Annual Meeting; Southeastern Psychological Association--Report of the Forty-Fourth Annual Meeting; Western Psychological Association--Report of the Seventy-Eighth Annual Meeting; Southwestern Psychological Association--Report of the Forty-Fourth Annual Meeting; and Southern Society for Philosophy and Psychology--Report of the Ninetieth Annual Meeting. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Reports for 1982 of the Regional Associations.

Reports for 1982 are listed for the following regional association meetings: Sixty-Second Annual Meeting of the Western Psychological Association; Fifty-Second Annual Meeting of the Rocky Mountain Psychological Association; Fifty-Fourth Annual Meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association; Twenty-Eighth Annual Meeting of the Southeastern Psychological Association; Twenty-Eighth Annual Meeting of the Southwestern Psychological Association; Twenty-Second Annual Meeting of the New England Psychological Association; Fifty-Third Annual Meeting of the Eastern Psychological Association; and Seventy-Fourth Annual Meeting of the Southern Society for Philosophy and Psychology. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Reports for 1979 of the Regional Associations.

Provides reports from the 1979 regional psychological association meetings. The following association meetings are provided: (1) Western Psychological Association: Report of the Fifty-Ninth Annual Meeting; (2) Midwestern Psychological Association: Report of the Fifty-First Annual Meeting; (3) Southeastern Psychological Association: Report of the Twenty-Fifth Annual Meeting; (4) Eastern Psychological Association: Report of the Fiftieth Annual Meeting; (5) Rocky Mountain Psychological Association: Report of the Forty-Ninth Annual Meeting; and (6) Southern Society for Philosophy and Psychology: Report of the Seventy-First Annual Meeting. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

1994 reports of the regional associations.

Presents reports of the annual meetings of regional psychological associations. The reports presented here include: Western Psychological Association--Report of the Seventy-Fourth Annual Meeting; Midwestern Psychological Association--Report of the Sixty-Sixth Annual Meeting; Eastern Psychological Association--Report of the Sixty-Fifth Annual Meeting; Rocky Mountain Psychological Association--Report of the Sixty-Fourth Annual Meeting; Southwestern Psychological Association--Report of Fortieth Annual Meeting; Southeastern Psychological Association--Report of the Fortieth Annual Meeting; New England Psychological Association--Report of the 34th Annual Meeting; and Southern Society for Philosophy and Psychology--Report of the Eighty-Sixth Annual Meeting. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Reports for 1978 of the Regional Associations.

This article provides reports from the regional psychological associations for the year 1978. The following regions are included: (1) Western Psychological Association: Report of the Fifty-Eighth Annual Meeting; (2) Midwestern Psychological Association: Report of the Fiftieth Annual Meeting; (3) Eastern Psychological Association: Report of the Forty-Ninth Annual Meeting; (4) Southern Society for Philosophy and Psychology: Report of the Seventieth Annual Meeting; (5) Rocky Mountain Psychological Association: Report of the Forty-Eighth Annual Meeting; and (6) Southeastern Psychological Association: Report of the Twenty-Fourth Annual Meeting (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Minutes of the Annual Meeting/Proces-Verbal de L'Assemblee General Annuelle.

Presents the minutes of Annual Business General Meeting held in Winnipeg, Manitoba on June 9, 1983. The President, Terrence Hogan, acted as Chair of the Meeting and the Administrative Assistant, Janet Watt, as Secretary. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Reports for 1983 of the Regional Associations.

Provides reports for the 55th Annual Meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association, the 63rd Annual Meeting of the Western Psychological Association, the 54th Annual Meeting of the Eastern Psychological Association, the 53rd Annual Convention of the Rocky Mountain Psychological Association, the 29th Annual Meeting of the Southwestern Psychological Association, the 29th Annual Meeting of the Southeastern Psychological Association, and the 75th Annual Meeting of the Southern Society for Philosophy and Psychology. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Reports of the Regional Associations for 1975.

This article provides short reports from the regional psychological associations. Included are reports from (1) the Western Psychological Association (Report of the Fifty-Fifth Annual Meeting) by Ronald E. Smith; (2) the Midwestern Psychological Association (Report of the Forty-Seventh Annual Meeting) by Rudolph W. Schulz; (3) the Rocky Mountain Psychological Association (Report of the Forty-Fifth Annual Meeting) by Margaret H. Davis; (4) the Southwestern Psychological Association (Report of the Twenty-Second Annual Meeting) by C. Eugene Walker; (5) the Southeastern Psychological Association (Report of the Twenty-First Annual Meeting) by Ellen Kimmel; and (6) the Southern Society for Philosophy and Psychology (Report of the Sixty-Seventh Annual Meeting) by Michel Loeb. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Reports of the Regional Associations for 1974.

Provides short reports of the following regional meetings for 1974: Western Psychological Association: Report of the Fifty-Fourth Annual Meeting; Midwestern Psychological Association: Report of the Forty-Sixth Annual Meeting; Rocky Mountain Psychological Association: Report of the Forty-Fourth Annual Meeting; Southwestern Psychological Association: Report of the Twenty-First Annual Meeting; Southeastern Psychological Association: Report of the Twentieth Annual Meeting; and Southern Society for Philosophy and Psychology: Report of the Sixty-Sixth Annual Meeting. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Reports for 1986 of the regional associations.

Presents reports for 1986 from the following regional psychological associations: Western Psychological Association, Report of the Sixty-Fifth Annual Meeting; Midwestern Psychological Association, Report of the Fifty-Eighth Annual Meeting; Eastern Psychological Association, Report of the Fifty-Seventh Annual Meeting; Rocky Mountain Psychological Association, Report of the Fifty-Sixth Annual Convention; Southwestern Psychological Association, Report of the Thirty-Second Annual Convention; Southeastern Psychological Association, Report of the Thirty-Second Annual Meeting; New England Psychological Association, Report of the Twenty-Sixth Annual Meeting; Southern Society for Philosophy and Psychology, Report of the Seventy-Eighth Annual Meeting. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Negative self-efficacy and goal effects revisited.

The authors address the verification of the functional properties of self-efficacy beliefs and document how self-efficacy beliefs operate in concert with goal systems within a sociocognitive theory of self-regulation in contrast to the focus of control theory on discrepancy reduction. Social cognitive theory posits proactive discrepancy production by adoption of goal challenges working in concert with reactive discrepancy reduction in realizing them. Converging evidence from diverse methodological and analytic strategies verifies that perceived self-efficacy and personal goals enhance motivation and performance attainments. The large body of evidence, as evaluated by 9 meta-analyses for the effect sizes of self-efficacy beliefs and by the vast body of research on goal setting, contradicts findings (J. B. Vancouver, C. M. Thompson, & A. A. Williams, 2001, J. B. Vancouver, C. M. Thompson. E. C. Tischner, & D. J. Putka, 2002) that belief in one's capabilities and personal goals is self-debilitating. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Western Psychological Association: Proceedings of the Fifty-Third Annual Meeting.

The Fifty-Third Annual Meeting of the Western Psychological Association was held April 11-14, 1973, in Anaheim, California, at the Sheraton Anaheim Motor Hotel. A total of 3,105 persons were registered at the Meeting. At the time of the Meeting, there were 2,176 members of the Association. Of these, 197 were new members. The Convention program, which is presented here, included 429 papers, 42 symposia, 10 tutorials, 1 workshop, 3 rap sessions, 8 film sessions, and 5 invited addresses. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Minutes of the CPA Annual General Meeting.

The Annual General Meeting of the Canadian Psychological Association was held at the World Trade and Convention Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, on June 7,1985 at 4:00 p.m. The President, Elinor Ames, acted as Chair of the Meeting and the Administrative Officer, Brenda Stoneham, as Secretary. The minutes presented here include: Adoption of Agenda; Approval of Minutes; Report of the President; CPA Awards; Appointments; Finance; By-Laws, Rules, and Procedures; Membership and Journal Circulation; Executive Director's Report; Journal Reports; Division Reports; Annual Meetings; Committee Reports; Affiliations; Other Business; and Adjournment. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Southwestern Psychological Association: Proceedings of the Twentieth Annual Meeting.

The Twentieth Annual Meeting of the Southwestern Psychological Association was held at the Baker Hotel in Dallas, Texas, on April 26-28, 1973. A total of 680 persons registered for the Meeting. The current membership is 1,670. The Convention program is presented here in its entirety. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Procès-verbal de l'assemblée générale annuelle.

The Annual General Meeting of the Canadian Psychological Association was held at the World Trade and Convention Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, on June 7,1985 at 4:00 p.m. The President, Elinor Ames, acted as Chair of the Meeting and the Administrative Officer, Brenda Stoneham, as Secretary. The minutes presented here include: Adoption of Agenda; Approval of Minutes; Report of the President; CPA Awards; Appointments; Finance; By-Laws, Rules, and Procedures; Membership and Journal Circulation; Executive Director's Report; Journal Reports; Division Reports; Annual Meetings; Committee Reports; Affiliations; Other Business; and Adjournment. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Multilevel analysis of organizational goal congruence.

Hierarchical linear modeling was applied to data from 298 school principals and 11,633 teachers to examine the relationships between variables at 2 levels of analysis. J. B. Vancouver and N. W. Schmitt (see record 1991-31872-001) found relationships between individuals' attitudes and their organizational goal congruence. Organizational goal congruence is the agreement between an individual and members of key constituencies within the individual's organization, namely, peers and the supervisor. Using a subset of Vancouver and Schmitt's data, the associations of constituency-level organizational goal congruence with individual attitudes and with the strength of the relationship between individual-level organizational goal congruence and attitude were examined. The results confirmed many of the hypotheses and indicated the merit of using multilevel analytic techniques. The discussion focuses on issues related to levels of analysis and the use of hierarchical linear modeling to study organizational goal congruence. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Eastern Psychological Association: Report of the Forty-Sixth Annual Meeting.

This article provides a brief report on the forty-sixth annual meeting of the Eastern Psychological Association. The meeting was held April 3-5, 1975, at the Americana Hotel in New York City. Announcements and major items of business transacted at the Board of Directors Meeting and the Annual Business Meeting are highlighted. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)