基于智能技术的钢水温度软测量

钢水温度是炼钢过程的重要控制指标,由于钢水温度过高和钢液、钢渣对测温枪的腐蚀,钢水温度的测量只能用热电偶进行消耗式点测,而无法得到钢水温度的连续变化的信息.基于智能技术和软测量技术,这里开发了钢水温度的软测量方法.应用人工神经元网络进行初步预报,再根据专家工艺知识对一些特殊情况进行补正,获得了良好的效果.与机理法和统计法相比,钢水温度预报的适应性和准确性都得到了显著提高.     

钢水连续测温系统应用研究

介绍钢水连续测温智能检则系统的工作原理及其所特有的热电偶冷端温度智能补偿技术,其突出特点是采用AD590集成温度传感器,实时有效地解决了热电偶冷端环境温度在摄氏几百度随机变化的高温条件下的自动补偿难题,使系统测温精度大大提高,保证了系统测温偏差在±5℃以内,满足了钢水连铸中间罐和炉外精炼对测温准确度的需要,且系统可多种热电偶选择测量温度。     

基于超声波的插入式钢水温度测量装置设计

根据超声波在棒状固体介质中的传播速度与该介质温度的关系,设计了一种基于超声波的插入式钢水温度测量装置,该装置能够实现对钢水温度的实时连续测量。感温导杆设计成棒状结构,不仅方便插入钢水测量其温度,而且简化了温度测量原理。采用高速高分辨率硬件电路和软件细分插补算法,可以精确确定超声波回波传播的终点时刻,得到精确的超声波传播时间并计算出对应的温度值。该温度测量装置可以灵活地应用于各种高温环境的温度测量和涉温控制领域。     

中间包内钢水液位精确测量方法研究

本文提出了一种通过计算机视觉技术检测连铸中间包内钢水层液位高度的方法.从中间包内空气层中穿过保护渣层向钢水层中插入一个铝碳质的测量棒,通过安装于测量棒侧上方的摄像机采集测量棒图像,进而确定保护渣层的实时液位.待测量棒与周围介质达到热平衡后,升起测量棒,并通过摄像机采集测量棒外壁的温场分布,根据保护渣层和钢水层分界面处存在局部温度梯度峰值的特征识别分界面位置及保护渣层厚度,从而确定中间包内钢水层液位.同时,本文对于液位测量系统的构成以及降温、防尘等关键问题进行了研究.现场应用结果表明:本方法能够有效克服保护渣层影响,实现中间包内钢水层液位的可靠测量,测量偏差小于5 mm.     

太重首造智能铸造起重机在国内运行

正5月24日,宝钢股份上海梅山钢铁有限公司第一炼钢区域,我国首台250吨智能铸造起重机正在进行钢水吊运作业。这台智能起重机是由太重集团自行设计制造的,主要用于炼钢车间钢水包的提升、移动、浇注等操作,相比传统冶金铸造起重机,智能化铸造起重机可以实现以前传统起重机不具备的智能化控制、自动巡航、     

差动涡流式连铸结晶器钢水液位仪

介绍了差动涡流式连铸结晶器钢水液位仪的基本原理及构成。仪器可测量0～150mm的钢水液位变化。传感器的核心部分为1个发射线圈和2个接收线圈。信号放大单元采用差动调幅原理．提高了信噪比，扩大了量程。针对结晶器钢水液位测量的特殊性，放大信号再经信号处理单元的若干环节处理成可靠的、适于钢水液位控制的4～20mA线性隔离输出信号。     

浇注温度测试装置

在铸造生产中,钢水的浇注温度对铸件的质量有至关重要的作用。浇注时,若浇注包中的钢水温度偏高,则易烧坏砂型,产生粘砂现象,降低铸件表面质量;若浇注包中的钢水温度偏低,则钢水的流动性降低,易发生浇不满的现象,产生废品。所以,在钢水的最佳浇注温度范围内进行浇注是非常重要的。采用图示的钢水温度测试装置,能准确地测量不同时间内浇注钢水的温度,以便及时调整浇注速度,     

基于AdaBoost混合模型的LF炉钢水终点温度软测量

本文针对LF精炼炉冶炼过程中物理化学反应过程及传热过程的复杂性,采用混合模型对钢水温度进行软测量,将传统的机理模型与智能方法相结合,并采用改进AdaBoost.RT集成BP网络作为智能模型部分校正机理模型中难以准确获得的参数,再用机理模型进行预测.这种混合模型既克服了传统机理模型难以准确实现的不足也避免了"黑箱"模型过分依赖数据的缺陷.同时改进的AdaBoost.RT集成BP网络算法可以提高传统单神经网络的预测精度和稳定性.实验结果表明,此混合模型具有较好的预测结果,终点温度预测误差不大于±5 ℃的炉次大于85%.     

基于光滑整形的钢包快速精准定位研究

针对铸造起重机吊运钢水包过程中钢水与吊摆产生的双向流固耦合现象，文中采用一系列质量弹簧阻尼器来等效钢水晃动对钢水包容器产生的影响，基于等效力学原理建立了钢水包吊运系统的等效力学模型，推导出了其运动方程，在验证了其系统的稳定性、客观性和可控性之后，采用级联光滑整形器对钢包吊运系统进行安全快速精准定位控制。结果表明：级联光滑整形控制器既可抑制钢包吊运系统的钢丝绳残余摆动和钢水残余晃动，还可使其钢丝绳摆角和钢水的晃动在整个吊运过程都保持相对稳定。     

一种新型在线紫外光谱水质分析仪

介绍了一种自行研发的综合应用紫外光谱测量和智能计算技术的水质在线分析仪,并对其测量原理、硬件结构、软件功能与所采用的智能计算方法进行了详细说明。实际测量结果表明该水质分析仪操作简便,适合于连续在线水质分析和成批量水样检测。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.