国内首台全烧高炉煤气的高温高压锅炉在首钢投运

国内第一台全部利用回收的高炉煤气作为燃料的２２０ｔ／ｈ大型电站高温高压锅炉于１９９６年１２月６日在首都钢铁公司正式投入运行。自１９９３年以来，首钢与西安交通大学、杭州锅炉厂等有关单位联合开发、设计、研制的２２０ｔ／ｈ全烧高炉煤气电站锅炉，设计工作压力为９．８ＭＰａ出口蒸汽温度为５４０℃，设计每小时可燃烧回收利用放散的高炉煤气达２０万ｍ３，全年（按７０００ｈ计）可发电３．５亿ｋｗ·ｈ，全年少放敞散高煤气量折标准煤１６万吨，可减少首钢高炉煤气放损量６４％（按１９９５年首钢放损量计算）。单这一项当年即…     

增设后置式汽轮机的研究与研讨

１概述山铝热电厂一期工程装机容量为２４ＭＷ,其中Ｎ１２型一台,Ｂ６—３．４３／０．９８１型两台,回热系统原设计由两台Ｂ６机组背压排汽母管直接引出Ｄ３７７管道供汽。因供汽压力高而不能直接使用。特设三级自动减压阀,减压为０．２ＭＰａ后供给回热系统,用汽量约２５ｔ／ｈ。显然口热系统蒸汽经三级减压后,产生节流损失约为６５５ｋＷ。针对上述状况,进一步节能降耗,提出对回热系统采用Ｂ１．５—１．２７５／０．２９型背压汽轮机代替减压阀利用余压发电节能技术改造的建议和方案。于１９９６年３月１０日竣工投产,至今已安…     

广东省拟建100t电炉小钢厂

广东省拟建１００ｔ电炉小钢厂１９９５年春季，意大利达涅利公司（Ｄａｎｉｅｌｉ）受广东省政府委托在广东省花都地区（ＨｕａＤｕ）建１座年产量为４０万ｔ的小钢厂。小钢厂生产设备包括１座１００ｔ电炉、１台连铸机及１台棒材和小型材轧机（生产率１３０ｔ／ｈ）。达...     

焦炉煤气管道腐蚀原因浅析及应急措施

１概述宜钢现有两座ＪＮ６０－８２型焦炉均系１９８９年投入使用，设计中焦炉煤气分两路供气，其中一路管道主要供两台７５ｔ／ｈ锅炉、热风炉、炼钢混铁炉及钢坯切割用（如附图），１９９３年以前用户仅使用一台７５ｔ／ｈ锅炉。设计中主管管径（ＡＥ段）为ф８２０×６。运行至１９９３年底，我们发现在ｃ点拐角处有多处腐蚀漏点，当时测量该点支架有沉降，怀疑为该处积水造成腐蚀。１９９４年４月对Ｃ点拐角处８０余米管段进行更换，当切割开管道后发现管道下部有大量黄黑色沉积物，最厚处达１００ｍｍ以上，且管道下部腐蚀变薄仅１ｍｍ…     

109m^2锌沸腾炉用余热锅炉及其清灰装置弹簧锤

在筹划锌改扩工程时，株洲冶炼厂通过技术交流和国际招标，从芬兰奥斯伦公司引进一台适应入口烟气量为５６１００ｍ＾３（标况）／ｈ（波动范围为４５９００～５６１００ｍ＾３（标况）／ｈ），烟气温度９８０±２０℃，烟气含尘２５０～３１５ｇ／ｍ＾３（标况），烟尘成份中的含低熔点，易粘结的Ｚｎ，Ｐｂ氧化物占５％，年工作时间３００天并可连续运行两年锅炉。该锅炉采用强制循环，利用孔板来分配对各水冷壁，管屏的供水量，能     

煤粉锅炉的结焦及声波吹灰器的应用

太钢发电厂现有４台民主德国ＶＥＢ工厂五十年代生产的ＥＫＭ—７５ｔ／ｈ煤粉锅炉,六十年代初建成投产。该型锅炉为单蜗壳旋流式切圆燃烧、固态排渣、重型辐射式中温中压煤粉锅炉,设计燃用瘦煤,耗煤量１２．８ｔ／ｈ,全年耗煤量约１３万多吨。１原设备状况该型锅沪炉膛前后柱距为６４００ｍｍ,两侧柱距为６９００ｍｍ,切圆宜径为１５００,燃烧器安装角Ｂ１＝２５°,Ｂ２＝２９°,见图１。随着运行周期的增加,设备不断者化,自身缺陷也逐年增多,管理滞后,锅炉（喷燃器周围、炉膛出口处）长期严重结焦,致使炉膛出口烟气、过热汽…     

热力管道套筒补偿器泄漏原因分析及对策

１引言公司热电厂担负着公司氧化铝生产的供热,热电厂装有３台７５ｔ／ｈ锅炉蒸汽,经２台６ＭＷ背压汽轮机或减温减压站送入Ｄ６３０×１５母管,后再分为２条Ｄ５２９×１２供汽主管送至氧化铝厂蒸汽分配站,单程距离为２６００ｍ,沿途共设ＴＴＢ套筒补偿器３２只,该补偿器是由河南省某铆焊厂生产。１９８９年１２月投入运行,２个月后出现泄漏,后经安装人员及生产厂家技术人员共同处理也没有得到彻底解决,前堵后漏一直持续到１９９６年１０月份,给生产造成损失。１泄漏原因分析根据运行以来的实际情况分析,产生泄漏的原因主要有以…     

台车式燃油热处理炉的设计与使用

台车式燃油热处理炉的设计与使用董健无锡市第三钢铁厂（邮编：２１４０７１）１前言无锡市第三钢铁厂冷拉分厂长期以来生产普通钢材的冷拉产品，热处理设备为两台３００ｋｗ电退火炉。该两台电炉热处理能力小（装炉量６～７ｔ／炉，最高炉温７５０℃），热处理成本高，无...     

太钢120t／h煤粉锅炉本体改造

１概述电厂５＃锅炉系哈尔滨锅炉厂１９６９年生产的燃煤锅炉,型号为８１３－１２０／３９,于１９７０年正式投入运行,设计煤种为鹤岗烟煤。现实际使用为西山１２０ｔ／ｈ电站煤粉锅贫煤及部分小窑煤（亦属于贫煤）,且高压加热器长期投不上,因此造成５＃炉燃烧稳定性差,负荷调整困难。另外,因公司生产发展迅速,用电量、用汽量急剧增加。为此,在１９９７年大修前,经分析研究,决定对该炉进行改造性大修。要求改造后炉出力达１４０ｔ／ｈ,并能适应低负荷运行、燃用贫煤。改善范围主要确定为喷燃器及部分水冷壁管、省煤器,确定改造…     

改进树脂捕捉器结构提高交换器出力

１前言酒钢热电厂二期扩建化学水处理工程安装了三台φ２５００ｍｍ的混合床离子交换器每台装００１×７型阳树脂，高进５００ｍｍ；２０１×７型强碱阴树脂，右度１０００ｍｍ。设计出力为２９０ｔ／ｈ，于１９９２年１０月投运。在调试的两星期内，１＃混床出力可达２７０ｔ／ｈ，２＃、３＃均能达到蛰计出力。但运行２０多天后出力大减，一般只达到１７０ｔ／ｈ左右，经常低到１２０ｔ／ｈ，致使制水非常紧张。原设计运行一台就可满足生产需要，而实际上必须两台运行甚至三台同时运行，因此经常出现无备用设备，有时甚至不得不供一级除盐…     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.