虚拟仪器技术及其开发与应用

介绍了以PC：为平台的虚拟仪器技术的产生，发展和特点，讨论了虚拟仪器系统软，硬件部分的组成和结构，并进一步剖析了以不同总线型式构成的5种不同类型的虚拟仪器系统各自的特点，优缺点和适用场合，展望了虚拟仪器技术和测控系统的发展方向和前景。     

虚拟频谱分析仪的设计

本文介绍了虚拟频谱分析仪的设计方案，设计了该系统的硬件部分与软件部分。该系统以数据采集卡，PC机为硬件开发平台，以图形化编程语言LabVIEW为软件开发平台，将虚拟仪器技术运用到频谱分析中来，增强了仪器的功能，节省了仪器的开发时间。     

基于VXI的通用红外成像导引头测控系统

介绍了基于VXI的通用红外成像导引头测控系统的软、硬件实现;该测试系统采用先进的虚拟仪器技术,系统硬件结构采用了先进的VXI体系结构,软件采用测控领域广为流行的LabVIEW图形化开发平台和模块化结构应用软件设计;并能充分利用流行的PC机软、硬件技术,使系统具有优良的性能和高可靠性;实验表明:该系统具有硬件可靠性高、扩充性强;软件为模块化结构、具有可移植性强等优点,整个系统具有一定的通用性,满足了用户对该测试系统的全部功能要求.     

基于PC机与LabVIEW技术的机车信号检测系统

本文设计并且开发了一种基于PC机与LabVIEW虚拟仪器技术的机车信号检测系统。充分发挥PC机的硬件平台优势,结合LabVIEW虚拟仪器的信号分析、采集与处理等强大的功能,利用PC声卡输出模拟信号,通过组建无线电台传输网络进行检测数据传输,实现对库内机车信号自动实时检测、故障分析判断、故障提示报警,实时检测数据记录。     

基于虚拟仪器的瓷砖平整度自动检测系统

为实现瓷砖表面平整度误差的自动检测和产品质量的自动分级，探讨了瓷砖表面平整度检测的原理和方法。将虚拟仪器技术应用于瓷砖表面平整度的自动检测研究，以非接触式光纤位移传感器、数据采集卡、PC机作为硬件配置，以LabVIEW作为软件开发平台，设计了瓷砖表面平整度自动检测系统：实际应用表明，该系统可以自动检测瓷砖表面平整度，并对产品进行分级，适合于实际生产过程的质量控制.     

无线分布式集成监测网络系统及应用

利用虚拟仪器技术设计了一种过程参数监控系统，介绍了系统的硬件组成，PC机接口电路及系统的软件模块组成，并简要说明如何生成动态链接库DLL，以便在VB应用程序中调用。     

虚拟仪器下的电力参数测试

1引言计算机的发展与应用给仪器仪表领域带来了深刻的变化。70年代将微处理器引人仪器设计中，出现了智能仪器；80年代初期在个人计算机上发展了个人仪器；80年代后期将虚拟实现技术引人到仪器设计中发展成为虚拟仪器。虚拟仪器是利用软件在微机屏幕上构成虚拟仪器面板，在有足够的硬件支持下对信号进行采样，在离线条件下，经软件处理得到测量结果的测量仪器，它具有结构简单、一机多用、测量精度高等特点。本系统采用虚拟实现技术，以PC机为核心，将自制的电力参数采集卡插人PC机的总线插槽中，直到与PC机的内总线连接，以实现对电力参…     

虚拟仪器在馆藏室温湿度监控中的应用

基于虚拟仪器技术设计了馆藏室温湿度监控系统,系统硬件由PC机、数据采集卡与传感器等组成,系统软件采用模块化的设计思想,界面应用虚拟仪器开发软件LabView设计,应用了模糊控制算法对馆藏室温湿度进行控制,系统达到了馆藏室温湿度监控的目的.     

基于虚拟仪器的磁记忆检测系统设计

介绍了一种用虚拟仪器技术开发的磁记忆检测系统;说明了磁记忆检测的原理,系统按照PC-DAQ方式设计,对系统的硬件结构、关键电路的原理、系统软件模块作出了详细阐述,通过LabVIEW实现了系统功能;以焊缝为对象对该系统进行了验证性试验,得到的试验结果表明该虚拟仪器系统能够实现检测目的;与传统方式的磁记忆检测仪器相比较,该虚拟仪器系统设计更加简便,软件功能扩展更加容易,并能充分利用PC机资源,具有较好的实用价值。     

基于USB总线的嵌入式虚拟仪器的设计

针对传统虚拟仪器不具有即插即用、热插拔等功能，提出了基于系统和USB总线技术构建嵌入式虚拟仪器的设计方案和具体实现。同时在分析传统虚拟仪器不足的基础上，构建了基于USB总线的虚拟仪器体系。该嵌入式技术可以把虚拟仪器的硬件集成在嵌入式电路板上，软件固化在Flash存储器上，完成A／D转换、D／A转换以及数字滤波和数字信号处理等功能，并给出了软、硬件设计方案。设计的虚拟仪器具有智能化和良好的系统扩展性，是未来虚拟仪器发展的方向。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.