PLA木塑复合材料性能研究及界面处理分析

以稻壳、竹粉、杨木粉作为聚乳酸(PLA)的增强材料,添加硅烷偶联剂进行界面处理,采用模压成型的方法制备PLA木塑复合材料,研究了纤维的种类与含量以及偶联剂对PLA木塑复合材料力学性能和吸水性能的影响,并采用体式显微镜对其形貌和结构进行了表征。结果表明,杨木粉对PLA复合材料的增强效果最好;杨木粉、稻壳、竹粉质量分数为30%时,PLA木塑复合材料的拉伸强度最大,分别为16.26,11.27,14.17 MPa,杨木粉质量分数为30%时PLA木塑复合材料的冲击强度最大,为4.44 kJ/m~2,随着复合材料中木粉含量的增加,其吸水率呈上升趋势;添加硅烷偶联剂改性使PLA/竹粉复合材料的拉伸强度最大提高了119.74%,冲击强度最大提高了86.52%,改性后的木塑复合材料各组分较为均匀、空洞和缺陷较少。     

几种木塑复合材料的性能对比

研究了木粉及界面增容剂含量对木塑复合材料(WPC)力学性能的影响,分析了增容剂对WPC熔融性能的变化。使用木粉填充可提高不同树脂基WPC的模量,但却降低了HDPE基WPC的拉伸强度及HDPE基、PP基WPC的弯曲强度。     

聚乳酸木塑复合材料增韧改性研究进展

对使用增容剂、弹性体、偶联剂改性,改变木粉粒径以及结晶形态等提高聚乳酸(PLA)木塑复合材料韧性的方法进行了综述,并对PLA木塑复合材料的增韧改性研究进行了展望。     

丙烯酸酯增容剂改性木塑复合材料的性能分析及其在公共设施中的应用

选取甘蔗废料纤维和高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)分别作为增强材料和树脂基体制成木塑复合材料(WPC)样片,以丙烯酸酯、硅烷偶联剂等增容剂对WPC材料进行改性,分析了改性后材料的力学性能、红外光谱、光电子能谱和微观结构。结果表明,丙烯酸酯增容剂可以改善甘蔗纤维、增容剂和树脂基体之间的微观分散体系,增强甘蔗纤维与树脂之间的界面相容性,提高材料的力学性能。     

POE增韧聚乳酸复合材料的研究

采用热塑性弹性体(乙烯/辛烯)共聚物(POE)作为聚乳酸(PLA)的增韧改性剂,利用双螺杆挤出机经熔融共混制备PLA/POE复合材料.详细研究了POE含量对PLA性能的影响.借助扫描电子显微镜分析了不同增容剂增容PLA/POE复合材料的微观形貌,并对其物理、力学性能进行了研究.结果表明,当加入反应性增容刺POE缩水甘油基异丁酸酯类接枝物(牌号NAX00),且PLA、POE、NAx00的质量比为85:10:5时,复合材料的性能达到最佳,其缺口冲击强度是纯PLA的4.6倍左右.     

木塑复合材料用增容剂研究进展

介绍木塑复合材料用增容剂的研究进展,包括共聚型增容剂、偶联剂型增容剂、复合型增容剂的应用情况,并对木塑复合材料增容剂的研究前景进行了展望。     

界面增容对ABS/Cu粉复合材料性能的影响

借助于HAAKE转矩流变仪,用熔融共混法制备一系列ABS/Cu粉复合材料,考查5种硅烷偶联剂和4种大分子增容剂对ABS/Cu粉复合材料导电性能和力学性能的影响.结果表明:硅烷偶联剂的品种和大分子增客剂类型对ABS/Cu粉复合体系的性能有较大影响,道康宁Z-6040可使材料的导电性能和力学性能同时提高;而在4种大分子增容剂中,以POE-g-GMA的综合效果最优.     

增容剂对聚乳酸/尼龙610力学性能的影响

主要讨论了两种增容剂马来酸酐(MAH)和4,4'-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)对聚乳酸/尼龙610(PLA/PA610)复合材料力学性能的影响。研究表明,这两种增容剂均可以与PLA和PA610发生一定的反应,从而提高二者的界面作用力,进而提高体系的力学性能。     

增容剂对废旧PS／PE-HD／废旧ABS／木粉复合材料性能的影响

以过氧化二异丙苯（DCP）为引发剂，在转矩流变仪中分别制备了丙烯酸（AA）接枝聚苯乙烯（PS-g-AA），马来酸酐（MAH）、AA接枝PS[PS-g-（MAH-co-AA）]和MAH、醋酸乙烯酯（VAc）接枝PS[PS-g-（MAH-co-VAc）]三种增容剂。经红外光谱分析，所得产物均为目标产物。接枝率测定结果表明，三种增容剂中PS-g-（MAH-co-VAc）的接枝率最高，达到2．43％。研究了三种增容剂对木塑复合材料性能的影响。结果表明：三种增容剂均可提高木塑复合材料的力学性能和加工性能。扫描电镜测试结果同时表明，增容剂能更好地提高木塑复合材料中基体与木粉的界面黏结强度。     

引发剂活性和挤出温度对HDPE木塑复合材料反应增容的影响

研究试图通过引发剂与马来酸酐实现高密度聚乙烯和木粉间的反应增容,以改善木塑复合材料的热性能和力学性能。利用双螺杆挤出机同步实现了高密度聚乙烯与木粉的均匀混合、马来酸酐与高密度聚乙烯的接枝和接枝共聚物与木粉表面羟基的界面反应。通过扫描电镜观测了复合材料冲击断面的形貌,测试了复合材料的负荷变形温度和力学性能。分析了引发剂活性和挤出温度对复合材料反应增容的影响。结果表明,用中等活性的过氧化二异丙苯与马来酸酐增容后,复合材料木塑两相间的结合情况明显改善,负荷变形温度、拉伸强度、弯曲强度、缺口冲击强度和断裂伸长率明显提高;而高活性的过氧化苯甲酰与马来酸酐对复合材料的增容效果不佳。用过氧化二异丙苯与马来酸酐增容时,挤出温度升高,马来酸酐的最佳增容用量前移。     

偶联剂对PLA/PBAT/WF复合材料3D打印性能的影响

以聚乳酸（PLA）和聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯（PBAT）为基体,杨木粉（WF）为填充增强材料,使用混炼机熔融共混制备PLA/PBAT/WF复合材料,采用熔融沉积成型（FDM）技术制备标准实验试样,通过扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱分析、旋转流变测试以及力学试验等方法,研究不同含量的硅烷偶联剂KH550对PLA/PBAT共混物以及PLA/PBAT/WF的相容性、流变性及力学性能的影响。结果表明,在偶联剂用量为3 %（质量分数,下同）时,拉伸强度提高了136 %;偶联剂KH550与 PLA和PBAT共价键偶联生成接枝聚合物,二者相容性得到提高;同时偶联剂与WF表面羟基发生缩聚反应有效的改善了其与PLA/PBAT的基体相容性,PLA/PBAT/WF复合材料的FDM的制件力学性能得到较大提升;复合材料的黏度随偶联剂含量的增加呈下降的趋势,含量为3 %时线材的综合打印性能及制品质量最佳。     

Wood‐thermoplastic composites from wood flour and high‐density polyethylene

High‐density polyethylene/wood flour (HDPE/WF) composites were prepared by a twin‐screw extruder. The effects of WF, silane coupling agents, polymer compatibilizers, and their content on the comprehensive properties of the WF/HDPE composites have been studied in detail, including the mechanical, thermal, and rheological properties and microstructure. The results showed that both silane coupling agents and polymer compatibilizers could improve the interfacial adhesion between WF and HDPE, and further improve the properties of WF/HDPE composites, especially with AX8900 as a compatibilizer giving higher impact strength, and with HDPE‐g‐MAH as a compatibilizer giving the best tensile and flexural properties. The resultant composite has higher strength (tensile strength = 51.03 MPa) and better heat deflection temperature (63.1°C). © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

偶联剂对聚乳酸/蔗渣纤维复合材料力学性能的影响

采用了4种硅烷偶联剂处理甘蔗渣,研究了偶联剂品种和含量对聚乳酸/甘蔗渣复合材料力学性能的影响,并运用扫描电子显微镜对复合材料的冲击断面进行了观察。结果表明,甘蔗渣经过硅烷偶联剂表面处理后,聚乳酸/甘蔗渣复合材料的力学性能较未处理体系有不同程度的提升,其中Z-6032的处理效果最佳。聚乳酸/甘蔗渣复合材料的力学强度受甘蔗渣粒径和含量的影响;甘蔗渣的粒径越小,复合材料的冲击强度越大;随着甘蔗渣含量的增大,复合材料的冲击强度和拉伸强度均呈下降趋势。     

Effects of silane coupling agent and maleic anhydride‐grafted polypropylene on the morphology and viscoelastic properties of polypropylene–mica composites

In this study, morphology, and dynamic and mechanical properties of polypropylene–mica (PP–Mica) composites were investigated. To enhance the adhesion between PP and mica, maleic anhydride‐grafted PP (MAPP) and treated mica with silane coupling agent were used. MAPP (as a compatibilizer) and silane coupling agent (as a filler surface modifier) caused an interfacial bonding in the mica filled polypropylene composites. The effect of mica content, MAPP, and treated mica with silane coupling agent on the morphological properties were investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results showed that with increasing MAPP or silane coupling agent, dispersion of filler and adhesion between PP and filler were improved. Mechanical data showed that with increasing MAPP and mica treated with silane coupling agent, tensile modulus and flextural strength of composites were enhanced. Dynamic rheological behavior of composites was also investigated within the domain of linear viscoelasticity. The rheological observations indicated that the complex viscosity, storage and loss moduli increased, and tan δ decreased with increasing mica content. POLYM. COMPOS. 27:491–496, 2006. © 2006 Society of Plastics Engineers.     

表面处理对可生物降解黄麻/PLA复合材料结构和性能的影响

采用注塑成型法制备了生物降解黄麻短纤维增强PLA复合材料,通过力学性能测试及SEM,探讨了碱处理、碱和硅烷偶联剂KH550同时处理对复合材料结构和性能的影响。结果表明:两种处理方法均能够增加黄麻纤维的表面粗糙度,但碱和偶联剂KH550同时处理的效果要优于碱处理,且KH550改善了黄麻短纤维与PLA树脂之间的界面黏结性能提,高了黄麻/PLA复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度。     

Enhancing the durability of poly(lactic acid) composites by nucleated modification

Biodegradable poly(lactic acid) (PLA) composites were prepared using an innovative combination of wood fiber (WF) and 1,3,2,4‐bis(3,4‐dimethylobenzylideno)sorbitol (DMDBS). DMDBS acted as an effective nucleating agent, which improved the mechanical properties and slowed down the degradation of the WF/PLA composites. The enzymatic degradation of the composites was examined by immersing in proteinase K or cellulase buffer. The presence of DMDBS resulted in a 26.7% increase of the crystallinity compared to the WF/PLA composites. The increase in crystallinity enhanced the thermal stability and tensile strength of the WF/DMDBS/PLA composites by 8.5%. The durability of the WF/DMDBS/PLA composites after nucleated modification was enhanced after enzymolysis. After nucleated modification, the surface of the WF/PLA composites showed clear cracks due to degradation, while these appeared about 2 weeks later in the case of the WF/DMDBS/PLA composites. The results revealed that the introduction of cellulase degraded WF in the composites, which increased hydrolysis or enzymolysis sites. The combination of nucleated modification and enzyme buffer gave an expanded downstream application of WF/PLA composites in packaging and agricultural materials. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry     

硅酸盐纳米纤维/氢化丁腈橡胶复合材料的性能

研究了热处理时间、偶联剂类型及用量和针状硅酸盐(FS)对硅酸盐纳米纤维/氢化丁腈橡胶(HNBR)复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,微米颗粒的FS在HNBR中能够被解离成纳米纤维,并具有优良的增强效果。FS/HNBR复合材料具有短纤维增强橡胶复合材料的应力-应变特性和各向异性,硅烷偶联剂的加入和热处理能够提高复合材料的力学性能。热处理10min、FS用量为50质量份、偶联剂选用KH-570且其用量为2质量份时复合材料的力学性能较好。     

硅烷偶联剂KH-550和Si-69增容粉煤灰/废胶粉复合材料

采用硅烷偶联剂γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH-550)和双-[γ-(三乙氧基硅)丙基]四硫化物(Si-69)对粉煤灰(FA)/废胶粉(URP)复合材料进行增容,考察了偶联剂用量和加入方式对复合材料性能的影响,并对复合材料的结构和微观形貌进行了表征。结果表明,KH-550和Si-69均可以改善FA与URP的相容性,提高复合材料的力学性能;Si-69的增容效果好于KH-550,最佳的Si-69/FA/URP(质量比)为1.0/40/100。采用硅烷偶联剂与FA混合、再与URP混合的分步加入方式,与同步加入方式相比,制备的复合材料更易成型,且复合材料的力学性能、耐磨性能和耐热老化性能更好。与KH-550相比,用Si-69改性的FA/URP复合材料,其相界面更为模糊,无孔洞。硅烷偶联剂改性的FA/URP复合材料中有Si—O生成。     

PLA/稻壳粉复合材料界面改性方法及性能研究

以聚乳酸(PLA)和稻壳粉为原料,添加不同含量壳聚糖、硅烷偶联剂和氢氧化钠(NaOH)作为改性剂,通过压膜成型法制备了PLA/稻壳粉复合材料,并对复合材料的力学性能和吸水性进行了测试表征,同时对复合材料进行了X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析.结果表明,当壳聚糖含量为4 g时,复合材料的洛氏硬度较高,其冲击强度、弯曲强度、拉伸...     

Surface modification of spruce wood flour and effects on the dynamic fragility of PLA/wood composites

Poly (lactic acid) (PLA), a biodegradable aliphatic semicrystalline polyester was filled with 40 wt% spruce wood flour (WF), to produce composite materials. Hydrothermal treatment, as well as maleic anhydride, vinyltrimethoxysilane, and stearic acid surface treatments were applied. The influence of surface modifications for WF was tested in terms of thermal, mechanical, and viscoelastic properties. The recorded results show that in both, the untreated and treated PLA/WF composites, the rigid amorphous phase content has been enhanced. The presence of WF causes a stiffness increase of the PLA/WF composites, while damping factor was decreased. The effect of wood surface modifications on interfacial compatibility with PLA was estimated by dynamic fragility parameter m calculated according the Williams‐Landel‐Ferry equation. The incorporation of untreated WF increased dynamic fragility of PLA/WF composites markedly, whereas used silane, maleic anhydride and hydrothermal treatments lead to lower values of parameter m. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers