"PhD recipients in psychology and biology: Do those with dissertation advisors of the same sex publish scholarly papers more frequently?": Reply to Sugar and Tracy and to Primack and O'Leary.

Comments that the focus of the article by H. Schuckman (see record 1988-11977-001) was the inability to replicate E. Goldstein's (see record 1979-25912-001) finding that people who published most scholarly papers had advisors of the same sex, however, J. Sugar and C. R. Tracy (see record 1989-30958-001) and R. Primack and V. O'Leary (see record 1989-30936-001) were more concerned with the interpretation that the most productive PhDs had male advisors. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Drugs for treating behavior problems: How safe are they?": Comment.

Responds to J. Rubin's (see record 1990-31492-001) comments on discussions of treatments for behavior problems of children by J. M. Tuma (see record 1989-27149-001) and B. Henker and C. K. Whalen (see record 1989-26516-001). The articles were amiss in not emphasizing the potential side effects of pharmacotherapies for children, but Rubin overemphasized the dangers. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Reactions diagnosed.

Responds to comments of J. R. Bergan (see record 1989-10250-001), B. Y. Wong (see record 1989-10319-001), and G. Alessi (see record 1989-10243-001) on the article by the present author (see record 1989-10292-001). Four issues are discussed: conceptions of behavior focused on the individual's characteristics, norm-referenced vs process assessment, think-aloud analysis, and premature dissemination. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Some broader issues: Clinical relevance, gender sensitivity, and psychometrics.

Responds to comments by G. B. Spanier (see record 1989-17637-001) and L. Thompson (see record 1989-17646-001) on the present authors' (see record 1989-17603-001) evaluation of the Dyadic Adjustment Scale. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Doing violence to "…violence against women."

Suggests that neither the comments by M. E. Mills (1990) and D. E. Mould (see record 1990-22858-001) on L. E. A. Walker's (see record 1989-26311-001) article nor Walker's (1990) response spoke to the point so clearly identified by Walker's article. It is argued that the incidence of women's violence toward men is largely irrelevant to the study of violence against women. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"How vagueness can ruin a survey: Comment on Pope, Tabachnick, and Keith-Spiegel": Reply to Koltko.

Replies to comments by M. E. Koltko (see record 1989-26792-001) regarding the methodology used by the present authors (see record 1988-11972-001) in a survey of ethical and unethical practices among psychologists. The present authors defend the use of ipsative rather than normative measurement under certain conditions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Reply to "The empirical basis of ethnocultural and linguistic bias in mental health evaluations of Hispanics."

Replies to S. López (see record 1989-16799-001) on the present authors' (see record 1987-22971-001) article, and argues that both true and treated prevalence data are needed in studies on Hispanic mental health. Issues concerning test bias and language expression (i.e., Spanish or English) of mental health problems are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Multidimensionality versus inconclusiveness: The baby and the bathwater.

Replies to comments by A. E. Kazdin (see record 1989-12740-001) and K. B. Schmaling and N. S. Jacobson (see record 1989-12763-001) on the present authors' (see record 1989-12762-001) study on social learning family therapy for aggressive children. It is maintained that analyses of the data yield an inference of powerful behavioral-systemic intervention. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Freud's stance, and mine.

Responds to M. O. Slavin and D. Kriegman's (see record 1989-00599-001) and D. M. Snyder's (see record 1989-00600-001) comments on the present author's (see record 1987-21061-001) discussion of Freud's work in the context of neurophysiology and sociobiology. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Curative principles in marital therapy: A response to Wile.

Responds to comments made by D. B. Wile (see record 1989-19866-001) on the present authors' (see record 1989-19843-001) exploration of a curative principle for couples therapy. It is contended that experience of self and other, in a new way, is a far more vital reported change process than understanding or reduction of blame. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A note on theory, epistemology, and experience in the practice of family therapy.

Replies to the comments of S. Golann (see record 1989-40688-001) and H. A. Guttman (see record 1989-40690-001) on the work of P. R. Falzer (see record 1989-40687-001). It is suggested that as a brutal negation of family therapy's constructions and as an unrefusable offer to examine its prejudices, habits, and customs, G. Bateman's (1979) cybernetic epistemology has already provided a valuable service. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Misrepresentation of pornography research: Psychology's role": Comment.

S. Page (see record 1989-29305-001), in his critique of D. G. Linz et al (see record 1988-04285-001), argues that violence has increased in pornography in recent years. The present author cites 2 longitudinal studies of pornography that find no increase in violence in homosexual or heterosexual pornography. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Constructivism and socially sensitive research.

Replies to comments on multicultural perspectives and researcher bias made by F. A. Ibrahim (see record 1989-25694-001) and M. Gergen (see record 1989-25689-001) regarding the present author's (see record 1988-15683-001) discussion of ethical issues in research on "underrepresented groups" such as women and minorities. Inherent limitations of the individual researcher are noted. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

More thoughts on the unconscious: Reply to Brody and to Lewicki and Hill.

N. Brody (see record 1989-38873-001) and P. Lewicki and T. Hill (see record 1989-38907-001) present commentaries on my central thesis (A. S. Reber; see record 1989-38920-001) that there exist powerful induction routines that operate largely independently of awareness and yield rich and complex tacit knowledge that resists attempts to make it conscious, although these commentaries are of dramatically different kinds. Because there is a fairly clear basis of agreement between Lewicki and Hill and the points that I made, this reply deals almost entirely with the issues raised by Brody. The focus is on two classes of issues: (a) those of a methodological nature that surround the general problem of doing experiments on unconscious cognition and (b) those that derive from considerations of evolutionary biology that provide a basis for arguing that implicit operations are primary and form the foundation for conscious processes. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Manufacturing female dysfunction: A reply to Morokoff.

Argues that P. J. Morokoff (see record 1989-16178-001) is incorrect in her interpretation of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III) criteria and in her criticisms of the claims of J. C. Wakefield (see record 1987-28660-001). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Validity is local.

Responds to critiques by G. S. Howard (see record 1990-13709-001) and R. Hogan and R. A. Nicholson (see record 1989-00097-001) of J. Kagan's (see record 1989-01454-001) discussion of validity in self-report measurement of personality. The main contention is whether the meaning and validity of a personality construct based only on self-report data are preserved in other theoretical and empirical contexts. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Misleading postevent information and the memory impairment hypothesis: Comment on Belli and reply to Tversky and Tuchin.

R. F. Belli (see record 1989-24859-001) and B. Tversky and M. Tuchin (see record 1989-24890-001) used a "Yes"/"No" recognition procedure to explore effects of misleading postevent information on memory for events. We examine the data and arguments presented in these studies, concluding that neither study demonstrates that misleading postevent information impairs memory for the original event. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The need to test hypotheses about paranoid schizophrenia: Reply to Clementz and Sweeney.

Responds to the criticism of B. A. Clementz and J. A. Sweeney (see record 1989-32933-001) on the article by the present authors (see record 1988-23546-001) presenting the hypothesis that paranoid schizophrenia is not a true schizophrenia but one of several responses to an underlying depressive mode. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Further comments on feature integration: A reply to Briand and Klein.

K. A. Briand and R. M. Klein's (see record 1989-31779-001) reply to my critique (see record 1989-31807-001) of the feature integration theory (FIT) argues that my criticism is not sufficiently substantiated to question any aspect of FIT. In the present reply I contend that no argument presented by Briand and Klein is justified, and thus, my criticism of both theoretical and empirical aspects of FIT remains, at least for the time being, valid. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Thinking positive" as a stress buffer: The role of positive automatic cognitions in depression and happiness.

To explore whether positive automatic thoughts (PATs) may function as stress buffers and mood enhancers, this study tested whether PATs and the PATs?×?Negative Events interaction predicted unique variance in future depression and happiness. The Life Experiences Survey, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Happiness Measures (M. W. Fordyce; see record 1989-17580-001), the Hassles Scale (A. D. Kanner et al, 1981), and both state and trait versions of the Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (S. D. Hollon and P. C. Kendall; see record 1981-20180-001) and the Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire—Positive (R. E. Ingram and K. S. Wisnicki; see record 1989-10602-001) were administered to 152 undergraduate volunteers twice, with 6 weeks between testings. PATs predicted happiness, and PATs about social self-worth interacted with negative events to predict depression. For higher levels of such PATs, negative events had a weaker relation to depression. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)