以黄原胶为改良剂的复配胶魔芋豆腐的制备

为解决传统魔芋豆腐中碱含量过高、品质差的问题,以魔芋葡甘聚糖(KGM)为主要原料,黄原胶为改良剂,利用复配胶的协同增效作用,制备高品质的复配胶魔芋豆腐。以弹性、强度、持水性为指标,研究了复配比、总胶浓度、碱含量(Na2CO3)、搅拌时间及盐浓度等工艺条件对复配胶魔芋豆腐品质的影响,得到了最优制备工艺。实验结果表明,由于协同增效作用黄原胶的加入大大地改善了魔芋胶的性质,制备复配胶魔芋豆腐的最优工艺条件为:魔芋葡甘聚糖/黄原胶复配比为5:1(w/w)、总胶浓度3%、Na2CO3的添加量为5%(KGM/w)、搅拌时间为90min、KCl浓度为0.6%,黄原胶可以作为一种有效的改良剂用于提高魔芋豆腐的品质。     

魔芋葡甘聚糖与黄原胶复配凝胶的协同作用及其流变特性

研究魔芋葡甘聚糖与黄原胶复配凝胶的协同作用及其流变特性。研究表明,魔芋葡甘聚糖与黄原胶复配比低于3∶7时,随魔芋葡甘聚糖含量的增加,复配凝胶的储能模量G′和凝胶强度逐渐增大;当魔芋葡甘聚糖与黄原胶复配比高于3∶7时,随魔芋葡甘聚糖含量的增加复配凝胶的储能模量G′逐渐减小,凝胶强度逐渐减弱,且不同复配比的复配凝胶的变化趋势不随总质量分数而变化;当魔芋葡甘聚糖与黄原胶复配比在3∶7时的协同作用最大,凝胶强度最强。通过对不同复配比的复配凝胶在线性黏弹区内的稳态储能模量Gc′与临界应变值随总质量分数变化的曲线进行拟合,发现两者随总质量分数的变化符合power-law模型Gc′∝Cn,γc∝Cn′,魔芋葡甘聚糖与黄原胶复配比在1∶9～4∶6之间,幂律系数n随魔芋葡甘聚糖含量的增加而减小,说明在此复配比范围黄原胶对复配凝胶起主导作用;当两者复配比高于4∶6时n值随魔芋葡甘聚糖含量的增加而增加,说明魔芋葡甘聚糖对复配凝胶起主导作用;n’值均为负值且始终随魔芋葡甘聚糖含量的增加而增大,说明总质量分数越高复配凝胶的临界应变值越小,凝胶的韧性越弱;魔芋葡甘聚糖含量越高复配凝胶的临界应变值受总质量分数的影响越小。温度扫描试验表明,不同复配比的复配凝胶在加热过程中表现出相同的趋势,即随着温度的升高G′逐渐降低,在60℃左右达到平衡;冷却过程中复配凝胶的凝胶化开始,温度随黄原胶含量的增加而升高。蠕变试验表明,复配凝胶的瞬时弹性系数E1在两者复配比为5∶5时达到最大值,其它复配比条件下随魔芋葡甘聚糖含量的增加而减小,延迟弹性系数E2和黏性系数η1均在魔芋葡甘聚糖与黄原胶复配比等于3∶7时达到最大值。     

高取代度磷酸魔芋葡甘聚糖酯的制备

以魔芋葡甘聚糖(konjac glucomannan,KGM)、Na H_2PO_4与Na_2HPO_4混合盐为原料,采用真空辅助微波半干法制备高取代度磷酸魔芋葡甘聚糖酯(konjac glucomannan phosphate ester,KGMP),通过单因素试验研究了微波时间、微波温度、酯化剂与KGM摩尔比、真空处理时间、p H值、尿素用量对取代度的影响,并通过响应面试验确定最佳工艺参数并研究所得产物的基本性质。结果表明,真空辅助微波半干法制备高取代度KGMP的最佳工艺条件:微波时间7 min、微波温度100℃、磷酸盐与KGM摩尔比为0.72∶1、真空处理时间29 s、p H值5.0、尿素用量(质量分数)6%,KGMP的取代度为0.199;随着取代度的增加,产品的黏度适度降低,透光率增加;红外光谱表明,KGM上引入了磷酸基团,得到KGMP。     

改性条件对凹凸棒石/魔芋葡甘聚糖复合材料力学性能的影响

以魔芋葡甘聚糖（konjac glucomannan,KGM）为基体,用硅烷偶联剂KH-570（γ-（甲基丙烯酰氧）丙基三甲氧基硅烷）对凹凸棒石改性后,采用溶液共混法制备改性凹凸棒石/魔芋葡甘聚糖复合材料。探讨改性凹凸棒石用量、KH-570用量、改性时间和改性温度对复合材料力学性能的影响。力学性能测试结果表明：魔芋葡甘聚糖和改性凹凸棒石共混明显改善了复合材料的力学性能。当改性凹凸棒石用量为魔芋葡甘聚糖用量的6%（质量分数,下同）、KH-570用量为凹凸棒石用量的2%、改性时间为35 min、改性温度为60 ℃时,改性凹凸棒石/魔芋葡甘聚糖复合材料的综合力学性能最好。傅里叶变换红外光谱（Fourier transform-infrared spectra,FT-IR）和扫描电子显微镜（scanning electron microscopy,SEM）测试分析结果表明：复合材料中魔芋葡甘聚糖和改性凹凸棒石之间存在强烈的相互作用和良好的相容性。     

魔芋葡甘聚糖的酯化及其产物特性

为提高魔芋葡甘聚糖性能,扩大其应用范围,用六偏磷酸钠与魔芋葡甘聚糖进行酯化反应. 采用红外光谱测得其产物的结构表征,并研究了其性能.结果表明:酯化改性的最佳条件为:m(六偏磷酸钠)∶m(葡甘聚糖)=1∶8,温度 55 ℃,pH值 2,时间 1.5 h.在此条件下,产物的粘度、溶胶稳定性、冻融稳定性、透明度均有改善,产物适用于冷冻食品等行业.     

魔芋葡甘聚糖/明胶复配胶液表观粘性研究

该文研究了胶液浓度、pH、剪切速率对魔芋葡甘聚糖及明胶溶液表观粘度影响,并将两者进行复配,研究了pH、复配胶溶液浓度、复配比例对复配胶液表观粘度影响。研究结果表明,魔芋葡甘聚糖和明胶溶液表观粘度随浓度增加而增加;随pH增高呈现出先升后降趋势。魔芋葡甘聚糖溶液表观粘度随剪切速率升高而降低,并表现出了剪切变稀假塑性。明胶溶液表观粘度随剪切速率增加而趋于稳定。复配胶液表观粘度随魔芋葡甘聚糖所占比例增加而增大,随复配胶液浓度变大而变大,随pH增加先升后降;在总胶浓度为2%、魔芋葡甘聚糖与明胶为7∶5的配比、pH=8情况下,复配胶液表现出较好流动性,且形成富有弹性和咀嚼性凝胶体。     

魔芋葡甘聚糖基热可逆凝胶研究进展

魔芋葡甘聚糖(KGM)凝胶具有良好的生物降解性、生物相容性,以及环境敏感性、保水性、吸水性、抗菌性等特殊性能,被广泛应用于食品、医药、化工、功能材料领域等。然而,传统魔芋葡甘聚糖凝胶为单一组分凝胶,具有如低内聚性、较弱的机械性能和结构完整性、对加工和环境条件的稳定性不足、外观不可接受、保质期短以及明显的脱水收缩等局限性。魔芋葡甘聚糖基热可逆凝胶是将魔芋葡甘聚糖与其它多糖共混形成的,分子之间通过很强的协同相互作用形成稳定性更好、弹性更高的凝胶。本文从分子组装的角度综述了魔芋葡甘聚糖分别与卡拉胶、琼脂、纤维素衍生物、结冷胶、黄原胶和刺槐豆胶等多糖形成热可逆凝胶的协同增效作用,旨在为改善魔芋葡甘聚糖基热可逆凝胶的强度和体系的稳定性,扩大其应用范围提供参考。     

中国魔芋资源研究及其在食品中的应用

中国魔芋资源十分丰富,有２１ 个品种,花魔芋和白魔芋等种葡甘聚糖含量高,经济价值大。魔芋葡甘聚糖加工以“干法”为主,但正向提高纯度、透明度、溶胀速度方向发展。魔芋葡甘聚糖溶胶为假塑性液体,粘度高,并与某些物质协同增稠。在碱性加热条件下可形成热不可逆凝胶;与黄原胶等可协同形成热可逆凝胶。魔芋葡甘聚糖具有降血脂、降血糖、减肥、通便等保健作用。利用上述性质和保健功能,可开发生产多种凝胶类食品或保健食品,添加到其它食品中,提高产品质量。魔芋的开发应用具有较大潜力。     

载原花青素的魔芋葡甘聚糖微粒的制备、表征及体外释放性能评价

本研究以魔芋葡甘聚糖(konjac glucomannan,KGM)为壁材,原花青素(proanthocyanidins,PC)为芯材,利用KGM在乙醇体系下吸水微溶胀的特性制备载PC的KGM微粒,为PC结肠靶向递送提供新的技术思路.实验利用KGM吸附溶于乙醇水溶液中的PC这一方法来制备KGM/PC微粒,采用单因素实验...     

魔芋葡甘聚糖/明胶流变特性及其成膜研究

研究了复配胶溶液浓度、复配比例、pH对魔芋葡甘聚糖-明胶复配溶液流变特性及复配膜拉伸特性的影响,然后选取最佳复配工艺,以拉伸强度为指标用响应面法对其进行优化。研究结果表明复配溶液的表观黏度和复配膜的拉伸强度随魔芋葡甘聚糖所占比例的增加而增大,随着复配溶液浓度的变大而变大,随着pH值的增加先升高后下降;在总胶质量浓度为2.0 g/100 mL、魔芋葡甘聚糖与明胶的比例为7:5、pH为8的情况下,复配胶液表现出较好的流动性,形成富有弹性和咀嚼性的凝胶体,且制得的复配膜拉伸强度最佳。响应面优化结果说明了3个因素对复配膜拉伸强度有显著的影响,且试验得出的真实最佳参数:质量浓度为2.13g/100 mL、魔芋葡甘聚糖/明胶为1.46、pH为8.13,在此条件下,魔芋葡甘聚糖-明胶复配膜拉伸强度的理论预测值为42.9 MPa,验证值为42.3 MPa。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press     

INFOPRINT 2014 was Successfully Held in Dongguan

Sponsored by Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China （PEIAC） and organized by Print China magazine, the Seventeenth Beijing International Printing Information Conference （INFOPRINT 2014） was successfully held on 11th Dec. 2014 at Dongguan Exhibition International Hotel.