光伏发电系统并网运行的控制策略与仿真分析

分析了光伏发电并网系统的结构,建立了光伏电池简化模型,采用降压升压装置和扰动占空比算法跟踪分布式电源的最大功率,对逆变器采用电流电压双环结构的控制策略。搭建了并网运行的系统仿真模型。仿真结果表明:并网逆变器输出的电流和大电网电流同频同相,动态响应快,能够较好地反映三相光伏并网系统运行的特性,具有一定理论价值。     

基于电网电压定向的三相光伏并网逆变器并网控制策略研究

针对三相光伏并网逆变器系统稳定性及谐波抑制的问题,对基于电网电压定向的三相光伏并网逆变器双环控制策略进行了研究。在介绍SVPWM并网策略的思想和原理的基础上,建立了光伏并网系统的数学模型,并逐步实现了双环控制的设计,给出了各参数的详细设计过程,利用Matlab/Simulink对所提出的双环控制策略进行了仿真;并搭建了硬件平台,对整个控制系统进行了实验。研究结果表明,该系统能够稳定可靠的运行,并网电流质量达到国家并网标准,可以实现安全并网。     

光伏反激并网微型逆变器THD性能仿真研究

针对光伏反激并网微型逆变器的输出功率随着太阳能电池输出功率不断地变化,且在逆变器的输出功率比较低时并网输出电流的总谐波失真(THD)指标不能满足并网要求的问题,研究利用PI准谐振控制器对光伏反激并网逆变器进行了并网控制。通过运用状态空间平均法建立了光伏反激并网微型逆变器的数学模型,基于该数学模型建立了仿真模型,对传统的PI控制器与PI准谐振控制器的控制性能进行了仿真分析。研究结果表明,在不同输入电压、负载条件下,采用PI控制器的逆变器输出并网电流的THD较大,不能满足并网要求;而采用PI准谐振控制器时THD均小于5%,能满足并网要求,从而验证了新控制方法的有效性。     

含电动汽车及光伏发电的微电网控制策略研究

针对光伏发电和电动汽车动力电池等分布式发电系统,研究了其并网逆变器并联控制策略。基于PSCAD软件对光伏电池、电动汽车双向能量交换及两者的并联控制进行建模。电动汽车主要采用功率下垂控制、电压电流双环控制、无差拍控制;光伏电池主要采用MPPT(最大功率点跟踪)控制。通过仿真验证了控制策略的可行性。     

含无功电流注入的光伏低电压穿越策略研究

针对光伏系统低电压穿越问题,为保证光伏在一定时间内不脱网连续运行且向电网提供无功电流,对光伏并网逆变器控制策略进行了研究。在考虑逆变器电流限制的情况下,提出了一种根据电压跌落情况向电网注入无功电流的低电压穿越策略。该策略在电压跌落不严重情况下,保持光伏有功功率输出不变,尽量提供无功功率;在电压跌落较严重情况下,光伏不输出有功功率,全部输出无功功率。同时在电网不对称故障下,引入了负序控制消除由负序分量引起的有功功率波动,并推导出了最大无功功率设定值计算公式。在PSCAD仿真环境下,验证了控制策略的合理性和有效性。研究结果表明,该控制策略能根据电压跌落情况充分利用光伏对有功功率和无功功率的控制能力,在一定情况下保证有功功率输出又能最大限度地提供无功功率,有助于并网点电压的恢复。     

光伏并网逆变器的控制策略研究

针对直流母线上100 Hz电压纹波对并网电流质量的影响,从集中式逆变器的拓扑、控制策略及环路设计等方面进行了研究,设计了一种应用于集中式逆变器的双环控制器。"双环控制器"具体来说,就是电压外环稳定直流母线电压,电流内环控制并网电流,针对该技术,分析了直流母线上100 Hz电压纹波对控制环路的影响,提出了光伏并网逆变器的控制策略。     

单相光伏并网系统中级联多电平逆变器的研究

针对光伏并网系统的改善输出电压和输出电流波形、降低谐波含量以及提高直流电压的利用率等问题,将级联多电平逆变器应用在光伏并网系统中.在分析级联式多电平逆变器工作原理和其载波移相控制方法的基础上,建立了多DC-DC变换器和多电平逆变器相结合的光伏并网模型,并用Matlab对模型进行了仿真.同时提出了TMS320C2812数...     

单级光伏并网逆变器积分滑模控制

针对单级光伏逆变器并网系统直流侧和网侧系统不确定干扰的影响,提出一种双环积分滑模控制方法。首先,通过微分法来获得两相虚拟正交信号,以实现单相控制信号的d-q坐标转换,实现有功无功的解耦控制;然后,对直流环节电容电压进行调节,通过积分滑模控制在保证最大功率追踪的同时,使电流环对直流侧电压扰动具有的较强的鲁棒性;最后,在电压外环采用积分滑模控制,获得良好的电压跟踪效果,提高系统抵御电网电压波动等干扰因素的能力。仿真实验结果表明,所提控制策略能够使单级光伏逆变器并网控制系统稳定可靠运行,具有满意的动态响应和较强的抗干扰能力。     

并联Buck-Boost型多电池光伏并网逆变器的研究

随着太阳能、风能等新能源技术的发展,分布式发电技术已经广泛应用在电力系统之中,成为一种新型的发电方式。分布式发电技术具有清洁、环保、高效等特性,其并网技术成为研究的热点问题。针对太阳能光伏发电技术,设计了一套并联的Buck-Boost型多电池光伏并网逆变器,由太阳能光伏电池板、并联的Buck-Boost斩波电路、逆变电路等部分组成,并对光伏发电最大功率跟踪MPPT控制方法和逆变器并网控制策略进行研究,分别选取了电导增量法的MPPT控制方法和双闭环并网控制方式。通过在Matlab/Simulink中搭建系统仿真模型,仿真结果证明了该系统的功能。     

三相两电平并网逆变器双闭环控制策略研究

并网逆变器作为新能源发电系统的核心装置,是新能源转换为电能的关键所在。针对三相两电平并网逆变器,首先建立了其数学模型,然后采用了基于电流内环、电压外环的双闭环控制策略,最后在Matlab/Simulink中搭建了仿真模型,仿真结果证明了控制策略的正确性与有效性。     

基于LCL滤波器的谐波抑制型能量回馈器的研究

针对LCL滤波器存在谐振尖锋的问题,在电流单环控制的基础上加入了有源阻尼电流环,讨论分析了逆变器侧电流环和有源阻尼电流环的电流双闭环控制方法.在电网电压具有较高的谐波干扰下,电流双环控制不能完全抑制因扰动引起的电流谐波,故提出了重复控制器与电流双闭环结合的复合控制技术.分别从系统的稳定性、扰动抑制性、收敛性和稳态误差特性几个方面对复合控制技术进行了讨论和分析.基于Matlab/Simulink平台建立了LCL型能量回馈器逆变系统的仿真模型,进行了关键参数的调试,并对输出电流谐波含量和电网电压有谐波干扰时输出电流波形的谐波含量进行了对比.研究结果表明,基于重复控制和电流双环控制的复合控制技术的能量回馈器输出的电流谐波含量更低,对外部干扰的抑制能力更好.     

电网电压不平衡下光伏并网逆变器的同步技术

为了保证光伏并网逆变器在电网电压不平衡下可靠地向电网输送功率,需要提高逆变器的同步跟踪能力及动态响应性能。提出一种基于比例积分简化型谐振调节器的锁频环(PISR-FLL)技术。PISR-FLL具有高增益带宽及频率自适应特点,能够从不平衡电网电压中准确快速地估算出基波频率正、负序分量。改进的锁频环(FLL)通过增益系数线性化后不但可以保证频率自适应调节,控制结构也变得简单,易于数字实现。仿真和实验结果表明该PISR-FLL技术精度高,动态性能优越,可以满足不平衡电网条件下电网信号同步跟踪要求。     

Novel fuzzy feedback linearization strategy for control via differential geometry approach

The study investigates a novel fuzzy feedback linearization strategy for control. The main contributions of this study are to construct a control strategy such that the resulting closed-loop system is valid for any initial condition with almost disturbance decoupling performance, and develop the feedback linearization design for some class of nonlinear control systems. The feedback linearization control guarantees the almost disturbance decoupling performance and the uniform ultimate bounded stability of the tracking error system. Once the tracking errors are driven to touch the global final attractor with the desired radius, the fuzzy logic control is immediately applied via a human expert’s knowledge to improve the convergence rate. One example, which cannot be solved by the first paper on the almost disturbance decoupling problem, is proposed in this paper to exploit the fact that the almost disturbance decoupling and the convergence rate performances are easily achieved by the proposed approach.     

A novel dual closed-loop control scheme based on repetitive control for grid-connected inverters with an LCL filter

Grid-connected inverters with LCL filters need high steady-state control accuracy, fast dynamic response performance, and strong robustness to guarantee the power quality. However, there are many problems in traditional control strategies that restrict improvements to control system performance, such as poor dynamic performance of traditional single-repetitive control, large ripples, low steady-state accuracy of inverter current feedback based repetitive dual-loop control or grid-current feedback based single-loop proportional-integral control. In this paper, a novel dual closed-loop repetitive control strategy based on grid current feedback is proposed for single-phase grid-connected inverters with LCL filters. The proportional-integral inner loop is stabilized by using an inherent one-beat delay achieved by digital controller. Based on the inner loop system, a detailed design scheme of a repetitive controller is presented, through which direct control of the grid current is realized, the reference is tracked perfectly to a zero phase shift, and high-attenuation gain is achieved in the high frequency range. In particular, the gird-voltage feed forward control and current reference feedforward control are adopted to suppress grid-voltage disturbance and increase dynamic tracking performance. Finally, the simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method has the advantages of high steady-state accuracy, fast dynamic response, and anti-disturbance ability.     

光伏并网发电系统数字锁相技术仿真与实验研究

针对传统模拟锁相环在光伏并网发电系统应用上的不足,分析了数字锁相环在光伏并网发电系统中的应用,详细说明了数字锁相环路的工作原理及控制策略,给出了环路相关参数的设计过程,并基于Matlab进行软件仿真,针对实际电网电压有可能出现的畸变、电压突增、突减等情况,进行了相应的抗干扰测试,并在一台6 kVA的工程样机上进行了实验...     

基于单片机的随动控制系统设计

介绍了以51单片机为控制核心的数字式随动控制系统的硬件组成及软件设计。整个系统为一个三闭环的复杂多功能控制系统。其中两个模拟内环为电流环和速度环，数字外环（位置环）采用三只高精度的14位绝对式轴角编码器作为角位移传感器。该系统具有结构简单，接口功能强大，通用性强等特点，可广泛应用于负载较大的机电设备的伺服控制中。     

基于QFT的开关阀控气动位置伺服系统鲁棒控制

考虑开关阀的滞后特性,建立了高速开关阀控气动位置控制系统的非线性模型,并在原模型的基础上,将系统模型处理为包含滞后环节的数学模型。针对该模型对象参数不确定、摄动量大和负载变化范围大等问题,采用包含小闭环的2自由度控制结构,用定量反馈理论,进行系统的鲁棒稳定性、干扰抑制和跟踪性能设计,设计了具有鲁棒性能的控制器,并且设计了有效的摩擦力补偿器。经过试验验证,系统不仅具有较好的稳定鲁棒性,还具有很好的动态性能和位置精度。     

基于干扰观测器的电液伺服系统反馈线性化滑模控制

为抑制电液伺服系统中各种非线性因素及不确定干扰,提出了基于输入输出反馈线性化的滑模控制与非线性干扰观测器相结合的控制策略以提高其位置控制跟踪精度。以电液振动台为试验对象,建立其非线性控制模型,利用李雅普诺夫稳定性理论保证了位置闭环系统的全局稳定性。利用MATLAB/Simulink对设计的控制器进行了仿真验证,结果验证了提出的控制器的可行性。为了模拟实际环境下存在不确定干扰,在位置电液系统基础上增加了电液加载系统,开展了试验研究。结果表明,该控制器能有效的提高干扰下电液伺服系统的位置跟踪性能。     

Active disturbance rejection based trajectory linearization control for hypersonic reentry vehicle with bounded uncertainties

This paper investigates a novel compound control scheme combined with the advantages of trajectory linearization control (TLC) and alternative active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) for hypersonic reentry vehicle (HRV) attitude tracking system with bounded uncertainties. Firstly, in order to overcome actuator saturation problem, nonlinear tracking differentiator (TD) is applied in the attitude loop to achieve fewer control consumption. Then, linear extended state observers (LESO) are constructed to estimate the uncertainties acting on the LTV system in the attitude and angular rate loop. In addition, feedback linearization (FL) based controllers are designed using estimates of uncertainties generated by LESO in each loop, which enable the tracking error for closed-loop system in the presence of large uncertainties to converge to the residual set of the origin asymptotically. Finally, the compound controllers are derived by integrating with the nominal controller for open-loop nonlinear system and FL based controller. Also, comparisons and simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the control strategy.     

Heuristic optimization of state-of-charge feedback controller parameters for output power dispatch of hybrid photovoltaic/battery energy storage system

Output power fluctuation of photovoltaic (PV) sources is a problem of practical significance to utilities. To mitigate its impacts, particularly on a weak electricity network, a battery energy storage (BES) system can be used to smooth out and dispatch the output to the utility grid on an hourly basis. This paper presents an optimal control strategy of BES state-of-charge feedback (SOC-FB) control scheme used for output power dispatch of PV farm. The SOC-FB control parameters are optimized by using heuristic optimization techniques such as genetic algorithm (GA), gravitational search algorithm (GSA), and particle swarm optimization (PSO) in Matlab. In addition, an improved BES model is developed in PSCAD/EMTDC software package, in which GA is used to evaluate the optimal parameters. The studied multi-objective optimization problem also considers the evaluation of the optimal size of the BES. The performance of the proposed optimal SOC-FB control scheme is validated by comparing the results obtained from Matlab and PSCAD/EMTDC and with results from previous works. Finally, the best set of parameters are used to further validate the proposed method by using data obtained from the actual output of a grid-connected PV system.