90%乙酰甲胺磷可溶性粒剂的配制

以98%乙酰甲胺磷为原料,进行了90%乙酰甲胺磷可溶性粒剂的配方研究,并对样品的溶解性、稳定性进行测定,筛选出最佳配方。其最佳配方:98%乙酰甲胺磷92%,黏结剂P(有效成分为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮)4%,稳定剂N(有效成分为十二烷基聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯胺盐)2%,渗透剂T(有效成分为磺化琥珀酸二辛酯钠盐)2%。     

烷基糖苷在高效氯氰菊酯微乳剂中的应用研究

选用新一代绿色表面活性剂烷基糖苷(APG)为乳化剂,研制高效氯氰菊酯微乳剂,对溶剂、表面活性剂的用量进行了对比与筛选,通过制剂质量技术指标的测定,确定了5%高效氯氰菊酯微乳剂的最佳配方。对最佳配方进行了重复性试验,表明该剂型具有良好的热、冷贮稳定性,各项理化指标均符合微乳剂产品标准要求。     

延长油田低渗储层改性表面活性剂驱提高采收率

表面活性剂-纳米颗粒稳定泡沫在提高采收率(EOR)领域具有巨大潜力。评价含有N,N′-双(二甲基十四烷基基)-1,6-己二溴化铵(FSF)+二氧化硅/氮化硼泡沫流体,并确定最佳配方。稳定性研究表明,FSF泡沫的半衰期约为6 h,在二氧化硅(SiO₂)和氮化硼(BN)颗粒的存在下,半衰期分别提高到27 h和33 h。在表面活性剂NP液中,油/盐水IFT由27.2 mN·m^-1降至5 mN·m^-1以下。接触角、zeta电位分析表明,岩石的润湿性质从中湿状态转变为强水湿状态。泡沫流体表现出假塑性流动行为。黏弹性剖面研究表明,泡沫在驱油过程中仍保持其“拖拽”特性。综上所述,FSF-NP泡沫具有良好的稳定性、界面活性和流变性,是延长油田低渗储层三次采油的理想驱油剂。     

健康型蔬菜水果清洁剂的研制

本实验发明了一种化合物组合：新型乳化剂、天然植物碱、纳米降解剂、助溶剂、天然香型和水等组成。通过试验筛选出最佳配方，并且测定了该清洁剂的去污能力、杀菌能力、对残留农药降解效果、泡沫性能、表面张力和稳定性。结果表明，该产品制备简便、综合洗洁性能好，具有较大市场前景。     

30%草甘膦水剂的配方研究

对几种表面活性剂在30%草甘膦水剂中的应用进行了筛选和相关性能的研究,最佳配方为草甘膦原粉30%、氨水4.0%～5.0%、AOS（α-烯基磺酸钠）4.0%、APG（烷基糖苷）6.0%、茶皂素0.50%、有机硅消泡剂0.10%~0.50%。其表面张力、起泡性、泡沫稳定性、黏度、常温热贮稳定性指标均表现优异,符合草甘膦水剂的质量标准。     

烷基糖苷与醇醚羧酸盐复配性能及其在洗衣液中的应用

以一步法月桂基葡糖苷与氧化法醇醚羧酸进行复配,考察了不同配比溶液的低温稳定性,测试表面张力、泡沫量和润湿时间等数据,并优选了洗衣液配方。结果表明,添加醇醚羧酸盐对烷基糖苷溶液的低温稳定性有极大改善。烷基糖苷与醇醚羧酸盐复配具有协同增效作用,表面张力、发泡稳泡性能和润湿性能都优于单一组分使用性能。烷基糖苷与醇醚羧酸盐复配适合应用于个人洗护、家居清洁和工业配方,尤其适用于有透明、丰富泡沫需求的配方产品。     

改性TDI基冷固化高回弹泡沫配方研究

本文介绍了一种新型以改性TDI为基的配方体系,用于制备冷固化HR泡沫,研究了主要配方参数及比较了三种不同类型配方体系的工艺和泡沫物理性能。由此确定出这种新型配方体系的较佳配比,生产出符合用户要求的泡沫座垫产品。     

新型的有机硅医用制品—GP—084泡沫硅橡胶义眼台

本文介绍了泡沫硅橡胶的发泡机理,针对医用对于(?)料的无毒、无刺激,溶血率低的要求,介绍了在原用于电子工业的泡沫硅橡胶的基础上经材料配方的筛选而研制出医用GP—084泡沫硅橡胶的过程,讨论了胶料配方中苯基含量、乙烯基硅油、发泡剂等因素对材料生物学性能的影响以及脱模剂、温度和成型工艺对生产义眼台的影响。以经筛选后的最佳配方和成型工艺所制得的GP—084泡沫硅橡胶义眼台,两年多来经全国十余家医院眼科临床应用一百余例,效果良好。     

强化泡沫驱复配的研究与评价

实验采用Waring Blender法,在30℃筛选出了?-烯基磺酸钠AOS,脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸盐型AES两种较好的起泡剂并进行复配,确定最佳复配比为3∶2,在最佳复配比基液加入生物聚合物XC,阴离子聚丙烯酰胺(APAM分子量为1 800万),正十二醇作用效果不同的三种稳泡剂,采用3因素3水平正交试验得出强化泡沫驱配方:AOS(0.18%)+AES(0.12%)+AMPM1800(0.04%)+XC(0.08%)+正十二醇(0.04%)。对配方进行抗温性检测试验,得出75℃泡沫性能最好,发泡量为1 140 m L,析液半衰期达到78 min,泡沫半衰期能接近7.7 h。     

单烷基磷酸酯在沐浴露中的应用研究

对单烷基磷酸盐（MAP）分别应用于皂基型和表面活性剂沐浴露进行了研制，对研制配方的各种性能与市场产品进行了对照比较，结果表明MAP在沐浴露中，具有配伍性能优良，使产品泡沫细腻丰富和改善浴后感觉等优点，是沐浴露中一个非常有用的原料。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。