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几种天然气制二甲醚方案用于解决国内天然气应用的探讨 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
在国内,天然气储量较高,但地域分布极不均衡,多分布在西部等偏远地区。同时对天然气开发不足、对其利用的解决方案有限。将天然气转化为清洁能源二甲醚(DME),替代现有的化工原料或燃料,可以有效的解决国内天然气的利用。本文通过对中国科学院大连化物所的新型二甲醚工艺、概念性纯氧工艺以及美国空气产品公司的DME工艺进行模拟和技术经济性分析对比,并对关键参数如当地参考发电效率、规模、天然气价格和电价等进行灵敏度分析,说明大连化物所的新型二甲醚生产方案更适合在国内偏远地区进行大规模DME生产。 相似文献
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合成气甲烷化是煤制合成天然气过程中的重要步骤。基于自制Ni/Al2O3催化剂的合成气甲烷化评价结果,通过热力学分析、反应温升计算、多级绝热固定床的工艺分析、流程模拟和能量分析,计算和讨论了合成气甲烷化反应在热力学平衡限制和催化剂使用温度250~650℃限制下的适宜工艺条件。以最大化生产高压蒸汽为能量优化目标的前提下,最优方案是第1级反应器的出口温度处于催化剂使用温度上限,所产高压蒸汽热量占总反应热的83%;适当降低反应器出口温度、增产中低压蒸汽,可降低有效能损失;优选工艺方案的有效能利用率达到65.19%。 相似文献
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低温低压液相催化合成甲醇工艺 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
现行甲醇生产工艺降低产品成本的潜力有限,为改革甲醇生产江艺进行了多方面的努力。本文着重介绍了以BNL法为代表的低温低压液相催化甲醇工艺,其优点是:低温反应使单程转化率至90%而铁需循环,造气可使用空气,合成与造气压力相同而不需升压,液相反应有利于装置大型化,它们可使装置的和能耗显著降低。当然,此种工艺也有一些尚待克服的特点。 相似文献
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高压天然气乙烷回收高效流程 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
在对高压凝析气田气回收乙烷及以上组分时,可利用的现有乙烷回收流程存在系统冷量过多、脱甲烷塔气液分离效果差和系统能耗高等问题。在部分干气循环工艺(RSV)的基础上,提出一种高压天然气的乙烷回收高效流程(HPARV)。该流程在RSV工艺的基础上增加了1台高压吸收塔,吸收塔与脱甲烷塔的操作压力相互独立,既保证了较高的乙烷回收率,又降低了外输干气的再压缩功率。HPARV工艺有效解决了传统RSV乙烷回收流程系统能耗高、对高压原料气适应性不强和脱甲烷塔气液分离效率差等问题。研究实例表明,当原料气压力大于7.0MPa时,HPARV工艺对原料气气质组分变化及原料气压力变化均具有较好的适应性,乙烷回收率高达93%以上。与相同乙烷回收率下的RSV工艺相比,HPARV工艺能大幅度降低乙烷回收装置的综合能耗。 相似文献
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固定床两段法甲烷部分氧化制合成气工艺条件及稳定性研究 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
介绍了固定床两段法甲烷部分氧化制合成气的新工艺,对在改性的La-Mn系钙钛矿催化剂上发生的甲烷低温燃烧进行了初步考察,比较系统地考察了温度、压力等工艺条件对两段法造气工艺的影响,结合本实验室的专利催化剂La2O3-Ni/MgAl2O4,进行了两段法工艺300 h加压稳定性实验.结果表明将甲烷低温催化燃烧与部分氧化相结合,采用分段进氧方式的两段法工艺可使甲烷与氧气的混合更偏离爆炸极限,保证了安全生产.同时利用一段甲烷燃烧放出的热量将原料预热到二段反应所需的温度,并在二段反应器中将放热的部分氧化反应与吸热的重整反应相结合,可保证整个造气过程在绝热条件下操作,有效避免了部分氧化催化剂床层飞温.高温、加压稳定性实验表明,La-Mn钙钛矿贫氧催化燃烧催化剂和部分氧化催化剂La2O3-Ni/MgAl2O4催化活性稳定,适应长周期运行.以上这一切都表明两段法造气工艺拥有良好的工业开发前景. 相似文献
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造气-联合循环发电工艺技术探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
论述了造气-联合循环发电(IGCC)工艺技术的应用现状和经济性以及环保效应,并对炼油厂采用重油造气-联合循环发电和渣油深度转化两个方案进行了比较。 相似文献
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二甲醚及其应用技术分析 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
二甲醚具有环保性能好、性价比合理等优点,被誉为“二十一世纪的新能源”。其用作城镇燃气常见的方法有3种,即与液化石油气混合后装瓶;生产代天然气;用于小区管道气。二甲醚还可替代柴油作为车用燃料,生产气雾剂制品,用作制冷剂等,用途广泛。目前二甲醚生产工艺技术主要包括二步法和一步法两种,大型二甲醚制备基本采用一步法合成,这也是发展趋势,目前技术已日趋成熟。纵观国内外能源形势,在我国发展二甲醚等煤基醇醚燃料,符合产业政策,市场前景良好。建议组织制定相关标准规范,鼓励能源供应企业、汽车制造企业等参与二甲醚应用技术研发,尽早实行产业化,促进该行业稳步向前发展。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT In part I of this series on the development of a single-stage, liquid-phase dimethyl ether (DME) synthesis process from syngas, the process feasibility and the process variable effects on the dual catalyst activity were discussed. This part focuses on the comparison of the single-stage reactor productivity of liquid phase methanol synthesis to that of the co-production of methanol and DME. It is experimentally demonstrated that the single-stage reactor productivity for the co-production of methanol and DME could be as much as 60% higher than that for liquid phase methanol synthesis alone. Along with this, a 50% increase in the syngas conversion is also obtained. Further, this approach is shown to co-produce methanol and DME in any fixed proportion, ranging from 5% DME to 95% DME, at significant synthesis rates of DME. 相似文献
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甲烷空气催化部分氧化制合成气与含氮合成气制二甲醚的研究 总被引:14,自引:3,他引:11
采用常规浸渍法制备了经镧和镁改性的镍基催化剂 ,以铜锌铝甲醇合成催化剂和HZSM 5分子筛通过机械混合制备了二甲醚合成催化剂。采用固定床流动反应色谱装置研究了甲烷空气催化部分氧化制合成气的催化性能 ,同时开展了以含氮合成气制备二甲醚的研究。结果说明 ,镍基催化剂对甲烷空气部分氧化制合成气在常压下具有高的转化率 ,随压力升高 ,转化率明显下降 ,并且催化剂严重积炭 ,通过向反应体系添加H2 O和CO2 可以提高加压条件下的CH4转化率并抑制催化剂积炭 ,还可获得n(H2 ) /n(CO)接近 2的合成气 ,满足合成二甲醚的要求。采用含氮合成气制备二甲醚 ,在压力 7.0MPa ,空速 10 0 0h-1条件下 ,催化剂连续使用 2 0 0h性能基本稳定 ,CO转化率在 93%左右 ,DME选择性在 77%左右 ,DME收率在 72 %左右 相似文献
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The world market of dimethyl ether (DME) is rapidly gaining in strength. The review addresses prospects for using the slurry technology in the large-scale world production of DME. The literature and patent data pertaining to the manufacture of dimethyl ether in slurry reactors using finely divided heterogeneous catalysts suspended in inert liquids are generalized. Variants of the slurry technology used in the one-step DME synthesis from syngas and in the two-step DME synthesis (at the stage of dimethyl ether manufacturing via methanol dehydration) are considered. Advantages of the slurry technology over the conventional gas-phase methods of DME production are highlighted. 相似文献
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STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF REACTION RATE DATA OF LIQUID PHASE SYNTHESIS OF DIMETHYL ETHER FROM METHANOL
Makarand R. Gogate 《Petroleum Science and Technology》1993,11(9):1251-1268
The liquid phase catalytic dehydration of methanol to dimethyl ether (DME) is a key reaction step in the single-step synthesis of DME from CO-rich syngas in a slurry reactor. The effect of process variables including temperature, pressure, impeller speed, and feed methanol flow rate on DME synthesis rate has been studied by a systematic 24 full factorial experimental design with single replicate. The significant effects and interactions have been quantified by F-tests. The estimates of significant effects have been obtained by Yates' algorithm. Residual probability and normal probability dots have been obtained to test model adequacy. Finally, a computational model has been developed to predict the DME synthesis rate alt various values of process variables. The model has excellent interpolational predictive capability as evidenced by parity plots. 相似文献
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Abhay Sardesai Tim Tartamella Makarand Gogate Sunggyu Lee 《Petroleum Science and Technology》1995,13(8):1059-1080
MethanoI-to-Gasoline (MTG) process is an excellent process which produces aromatics-rich gasoline from methanol over the ZSM-5 catalyst. The methanol feed in this process is usually derived from coal or natural gas based syngas.
The dehydration of methanol to dimethyl ether (DME) is a key intermediate step in converting methanol into gasoline. The substitution of syngas-to-methanol step in the MTG process by the direct one stage conversion of syngas-to-DME is thus a very attractive option. This substitution is particularly justified on the basis of the fact that DME results in virtually identical hydrocarbon product distribution as methanol.
Synthesis of gasoline via this direct DME route has several significant advantages over the MTG process, in the areas of product yield, selectivity, overall syngas conversion, exothermicity, and reactor size. The conceptual advantages of this DME-to-gasoline (DTG) process can be demonstrated in a laboratory scale fluidized bed gasoline synthesis unit.
This paper discusses the design philosophy of the fluidized bed reactor unit and its peripherals. The fabrication, assembly, and operation of the unit have also been discussed in detail. 相似文献
The dehydration of methanol to dimethyl ether (DME) is a key intermediate step in converting methanol into gasoline. The substitution of syngas-to-methanol step in the MTG process by the direct one stage conversion of syngas-to-DME is thus a very attractive option. This substitution is particularly justified on the basis of the fact that DME results in virtually identical hydrocarbon product distribution as methanol.
Synthesis of gasoline via this direct DME route has several significant advantages over the MTG process, in the areas of product yield, selectivity, overall syngas conversion, exothermicity, and reactor size. The conceptual advantages of this DME-to-gasoline (DTG) process can be demonstrated in a laboratory scale fluidized bed gasoline synthesis unit.
This paper discusses the design philosophy of the fluidized bed reactor unit and its peripherals. The fabrication, assembly, and operation of the unit have also been discussed in detail. 相似文献