物理化学实验课教学模式的改革与实践

分析了目前物理化学实验课的教学现状和教学中存在的主要问题,并对物理化学实验教学进行了改革和探索。改变了传统的实验教学模式,搭建了物理化学实验教学网络平台,增强了学生学习的主动性,提高了学生的实验效率和实验质量,培养了学生的创新意识和创新能力,收到了良好的教学效果。     

中学有机化学实验环己烯制备的改进

指出了中学有机化学实验环己烯的制备实验方法中存在的系列问题,并给出了相应的改进措施,改进后实验条件得到了优化,提高了产品的产率和纯度。同时实验改进后一方面减少了环境污染,实现了实验的绿色化,提高了广大师生的环保意识;另一方面减少了实验消耗和试剂用量,提高了人才的培养质量和效益。     

无功补偿装置扩容后的效益分析

介绍了电容补偿的原理,分析了陕西北元化工集团有限公司化工分公司供电系统的概况,提出了无功补偿的方式,总结了增加高压动态无功补偿装置后的改进效果:降低了电压,减少了电缆发热现象及电能、线路等损耗,提高了功率因数,并改造成根据功率因数自动切换,进而提高了设备的使用效率、供电效率和电路电压的稳定性,减少了对电网的冲击,改善了供电环境。     

MTBE装置催化精馏塔捆包催化剂的应用

催化蒸馏塔内的催化剂进行了更换,弃用了原有的散装催化剂,采用了捆包催化剂,抑制了催化剂的副反应,减少了催化剂对催化精馏塔的腐蚀,有效延长了催化精馏塔的使用周期,也进一步满足了扩能改造的要求。     

整流机组节能技术改造总结

介绍了整流机组的技术改造内容。通过改造,提高了装备技术水平,简化了操作,提高了供电的平稳性和安全性;降低了电力损耗;节约了能源。     

1万t/a异戊烯装置的设计与运行优化

对1万t/a异戊烯装置设计的优化项目进行了考察,验证了设计的有效性;分析了装置运行情况,提出了不同负荷下醚化操作的优化条件;优化了醚解催化剂的投用条件,减少了二甲醚的生成,降低了装置的甲醇单耗;控制异构化反应器的温度和叔戊醇含量,保证了2-甲基-1-丁烯的转化率,提高了产品中的2-甲基-2-丁烯的含量;异戊烯侧线出料口下方增加了1米填料后改善了产品的品质,降低了产品中其他组分的含量;装置的标定表明:装置能稳定运行,数据可靠,达到了设计指标。     

《天然药物化学》实验教学改革与实践

通过引入先进的提取技术、色谱分离技术以及结构鉴定的光谱技术,节省了时间与化学试剂,提高了实验效率。鼓励学生参加创新性实验增加了学生的学习兴趣,拓宽了学生的专业视野,增强了学生的动手操作能力,培养了学生的创新能力,提升了学生的综合实力,取得了较好的教学效果。     

患者住院费用明细在临床中的应用

住院费用明细的实施,让患者真正明白了医疗费用的每一笔开支,增加了医院的透明度,密切了医患关系,维护了医患双方的利益,赢得了患者及家属的信任,减少了医疗纠纷,树立了医院良好的社会形象。     

国外某1000t/d项目风扫生料磨调试

本文介绍了风扫生料磨的调试经验,通过改造出磨风管,降低了磨机通风阻力,增加了磨内通风量,提高了磨机的烘干能力;通过改造中心圆尺寸,增加了填充率,提高了磨机的出力,从而提高了磨机的产量,顺利实现了达产目标。     

氯化钾三效蒸发工艺

氯化钾采用三效蒸发,充分利用了热能,改变了沿用多年的落后工艺、降低了生产成本,为氯化钾生产开辟了新思路;自动控制系统的引用大大降低了工人的劳动负荷,且提高了操作的精度,使氯化钾生产首次实现自动化;三效蒸发系统的成功运行不仅降低了生产成本还为下游产品提供了优质充足的原料.     

稠油石化污水有机污染物分布特征研究

采用Gc-MS分析方法,研究了稠油石化污水中有机物分布特征,分析结果表明,稠油石化污水中有机物以烷烃、酚类和有机酸为主并含有一定量的PAHs,污水中有机物分子量140以下的以酚类为主,分子量在140以上的有机物多为烷烃和PAHs,其中烷烃类主要为分子量在200～350的饱和烷烃为主,PAHs以含不同数量甲基取代基的萘为主.     

THE ITALIAN MAJOLICA PROCESS AND PAINTING OVER TIN ENAMELS1

Reference is made to historical types. Practical conditions are discussed, types of glazes are given, and methods of application are outlined. There are also comments in connection with one-fire products. The processes involved are discussions A-3 and A-4: “The Italian Majolica Process,”“Painting over Tin Enamels,” are so closely related that they are taken together.     

Donors for Organic Metals: Molecular Aspects

Physicochemical issues are discussed which are relevant to chemists interested in the synthesis of unknown compounds to serve as precursors to organic metals. Molecular topics are emphasized, physical and structural concepts which motivate synthetic activity in chalogen chemistry are presented, and new results in selenium and tellurium systems are summarized. Two model representations for donor molecular structures based on polyenes and polyacenes are presented and known examples are discussed. Quantitative correlations between gas phase vertical ionization potential and solution electrochemical redox potential are examined using donors of interest for organic metals as data. Limitations of such correlations and consequences of these shortcomings are given. Finally, possible future directions for several of these topics are posed.     

流化床造粒的研究进展

简述了流化床造粒的主要方法，阐述了造粒的机理主要是团聚和涂布两种过程，总结了影响造粒的因素和研究造粒过程中提高团聚效率的方法，并对流化床今后的研究方向进行了展望。     

国内外染料工业发展新动向

本文阐述了国内外染料工业发展的新动向,指出了国外染料市场趋势和发展新特点:染料企业重组已趋平稳和进一步确立我国作为世界染料生产和供应中心的地位,在国际上设置"技术壁垒"和"贸易壁垒"的力度进一步加强,新染料的开发放到比较重要的地位,不断适应纺织工业新的着色要求;还指出了我国染料工业的发展新特点:市场活跃新品不断,出口增长,连创新高,新兴基地,发展壮大。注重染料质的提高,采用新技术和清洁工艺生产是我国染料工业发展的重中之重。有7篇参考文献。     

Heating value of biomass and biomass pyrolysis products

Studies conducted on the heating value of various types of biomass components and their pyrolysis products such as char, liquids and gases are presented. Heating values of chars are comparable with those of lignite and coke; heating values of liquids are comparable with those of oxygenated fuels such as methanol and ethanol, which are much lower than those of petroleum fuels. Heating values of gases are comparable with those of producer gas or coal gas and are much lower than that of natural gas. It is also found that the heating values of products are functions of the initial composition of biomass; correlations are developed to express these. Also, correlations are developed which explain the influence of ash elements on heating values of the pyrolysis products and on percentage distribution of energy in the products.     

Beurteilung der Reinigbarkeit von Oberflächen bei partikulärer Kontamination

Hygienic impeccable surfaces are, e.g., in food technology and healthcare facilities conditionally essential. Does a presence of fine particular contamination occur, adhesion forces between particles and surfaces are relevant. In this paper the cleaning‐process of materials, which are often used in cleanrooms are focused. The surface properties, which influence the dislodgement of particles are observed. There are two groups of materials used for the experiments, which are commonly used in hygienic relevant places in healthcare facilities.     

Use or disposal of by-products and spent material from the vegetable oil processing industry in the U.S.

During processing of vegetable oils, certain by-products and waste materials are generated. Where and how the by-products are recovered and used and how the solid wastes are handled and disposed of are considered. Several suggestions for the future are explored.     

减轻环境压力利用粉煤灰生产肥料

介绍粉煤灰的基本性质,总结目前各种粉煤灰肥料的特点和生产方法,对生产、作用机理进行分析,简单论述粉煤灰肥料的应用方法,并提出应注意的问题.     

切削液及其添加剂的进展

对切削液的分类、组成及发展现状作了综述 ,详细分析了摩擦学添加剂的种类 ,特点和作用机理 ;分别概述了水基与油基辅助添加剂的种类及特点 ,介绍了基于环保而形成的一些研究热点。将纳米技术应用于切削液 ,合成新的稀土有机化合物作为切削添加剂等均具有良好的应用前景。