低品位复杂红土镍矿微波干燥及矿相分析

研究了在碳化硅辅助吸波作用下,低品位红土镍矿在微波场中的干燥过程.采用热重分析(DTG)、X射线衍射(XRD)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)分析考察了添加不同质量分数碳化硅对失重率和产物物相的影响.结果表明:碳化硅与红土矿配比R为2.2:1时,微波干燥处理低镍、铁品位红土矿30min,既可快速脱除矿物绝大部分表面吸附水和部分结晶水;通过控制碳化硅的比例还可以避免过热现象.微波能够改变红土矿的微观结构,促进矿物的分解.进一步的氢还原实验表明,微波干燥有利于红土矿中镍和铁氧化物的还原,其还原率高于常规干燥.     

Fe3 对低品位原生硫化铜矿细菌浸出影响的研究

为了提高永平低品位原生硫化铜矿细菌浸出的效率,通过摇瓶试验,研究了Fe3 对低品位原生硫化铜矿细菌浸出的影响.研究表明在细菌浸出的初始阶段,添加Fe3 可以提高浸出液的氧化还原电位.但不会提高铜的浸出速度和浸出率,相反会抑制铜的浸出,而且随着添加的初始Fe3 浓度增加,抑制作用进一步加强.     

Fe3+对低品位原生硫化铜矿细菌浸出影响的研究

为了提高永平低品位原生硫化铜矿细菌浸出的效率,通过摇瓶试验,研究了Fe3 对低品位原生硫化铜矿细菌浸出的影响.研究表明:在细菌浸出的初始阶段,添加Fe3 可以提高浸出液的氧化还原电位.但不会提高铜的浸出速度和浸出率,相反会抑制铜的浸出,而且随着添加的初始Fe3 浓度增加,抑制作用进一步加强.     

细菌脱硫抑制硫化矿自燃实验研究

通过室内细菌脱硫柱浸实验,将硫化矿石颗粒表面的硫降低到临界值以下,使脱硫后矿石自燃倾向性等级下降.结果表明,44d最大脱硫率可达61.82%,脱硫率随着时间延长而逐渐增大.对矿石自燃倾向性分析显示,硫化矿石的5d氧化增重率从2.044%降低到0.902%,自燃点从209.6℃升高到319.8℃,自燃倾向性等级由Ⅰ级降为Ⅲ级,降低了硫化矿石的自燃风险.

     

Possibility of using chemical fertilizers instead of 9K medium in bioleaching process of low-grade sulfide copper ores

The possibility of applying chemical fertilizers as a source of nutrients for bacterial growth in bioleaching process was investigated. In the first part of the experiment the nutrient content of four sulfide copper ore samples was determined. The results confirmed that the amount of calcium, magnesium and sulfur were sufficient to support bacterial growth, whereas nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium were not sufficient. Therefore, N, P, and K from a chemical fertilizer source were applied to the sulfide copper ores to make a cost-effective bioleaching process. According to shake flask experiments by using mesophilic, iron-sulfur oxidizing bacteria, bacterial activity and copper recovery in some proposed media was satisfactory compared to 9K medium. Additionally, potassium had positive effect on the copper ore bioleaching while NO₃⁻ and Cl⁻ had inhibitory effect on the bacterial activity.     

EDTA提高含金多金属硫化矿选别指标的研究

本文通过EDTA在含金多金属硫化矿浮选中应用的研究,论证了应用EDTA提高选别指标的优越性,为含金硫化矿矿石浮选找到了一种新的调整剂。     

Study on preferential flow in dump leaching of low-grade ores

Preferential flow in dump leaching of low-grade ores was investigated in this paper. The production of the dump leaching plant at Dexing Copper Mining in China was significantly influenced by preferential flow due to the heterogeneity of the ores in dump. Surface tension, negative pore water pressure, matrix suction and permeability of dump were found to be correlated to particle size. Preferential flow, which occurred in the fine and coarse region, was determined by solution application rate. Experiments showed that preferential flow happened in the fine region at an application rate below 1070 L/m² min. Experiment of solute transportation under preferential flow was conducted by selecting NaCl as solute. The NaCl concentration of the outflow from the coarse region was greater than that of the fine region. The leaching rate increased slowly as the leaching process proceeded because NaCl dissolved in the immobile water could only be leached through diffusion. The percentage recovery of coarse region surpassed 100%. The preferential flow within the fine region under the condition of small application rate was confirmed.     

Influence of mineral compositions and their modification on the selection flowchart and collectors of selective flotation of ores of nonferrous metals

The influence of the mineral composition of sulfides and their modifications on the selection of flowcharts for the selective flotation of ores of nonferrous metals is considered. It is shown that the oxidation conditions of collectors with the formation of a new form of the collector participating in the formation of sorption layers on the surface play a significant role in the mechanism of the interaction of the collector with minerals. Practical investigations showed that the application of combinations of compositions of various collectors allow us to increase their collection and selective properties and improve the efficiency of the flotation separation of minerals. It is revealed that the structure of the adsorption layer with the use of the composition of the collectors in the flotation (one of them is the xanthate) is determined by the ratio of components and sequence of their dosing. These results allowed us to change the flowcharts of flotation of the ores of the Tarnier, Gai, and other deposits with the recovery of modifications of pyrite and sphalerite relative to the stages of the flotation process.     

难选低品位铜铅锌多金属矿选矿试验研究

新疆某铜铅锌矿属于难选低品位多金属硫化矿,原矿铜品位0.15%、铅品位3.52%、锌品位1.24%。针对该矿石性质,试验采用铜铅混合浮选—铜铅分离—铜铅尾矿选锌—锌尾矿再磁选铁的浮选流程,可获得铜品位22.30%、铜回收率68.63%的铜精矿,铅品位58.67%、铅回收率86.83%的铅精矿,锌品位42.85%、锌回收率65.32%的锌精矿,及品位67.0%的铁精矿,全铁回收率62.97%(对磁性铁的回收率为97.52%),闭路产品全部达到国家质量标准要求。     

Influence of microwave pretreatment on the bioleaching behaviour of low-grade complex sulphide ores

Mineralogical information on the mechanisms by which microwave pretreatment improves the bioleaching behaviour of low-grade complex sulphide ore, and an interpretation of the interrelationship between mineralogy, microwave processing, and bioleaching process are provided in this study. The influence of microwave irradiation on the bioleaching behaviour and mechanisms of a low-grade complex sulphide ore subjected to microwave heating in a kitchen type microwave oven at a power output 1100 W for 5 min was investigated in a mixed mesophilic bacterial culture through bioleaching experiments and electrochemical techniques. Results revealed that microwave treatment improved the bioleaching of behaviour of the ore, with more effect on copper and iron dissolutions than on zinc and lead. Both microwave treated and untreated samples showed similar electrochemical behaviour. However, microwaved samples displayed higher reactivity, dissolution rates, dissolution currents, current densities and a decreased polarization resistance. Increase in dissolution of the microwaved treated samples resulted from phase changes in the ore which promoted galvanic interaction within the system, decrease in the amounts of sulphur contents, and an increase in electrochemical sites resulting from an increase in the number of cracks induced by microwave heating.     

Enrichment of platinum group metals (PGMs) by two-stage selective pressure leaching cementation from low-grade Pt-Pd sulfide concentrates

A hydrometallurgical process was developed for producing Pt-Pd enriched concentrates from low-grade sulfide concentrates on-site at Jinbaoshan mine in an isolated area in China. The developed process (pressure acidic leaching-pressure cyanidation leaching) includes the following two steps. (1) The flotation concentrates are treated by acidic pressure leaching to selectively dissolve all the base metals (Cu, Ni, Co) while leaving most (85 to 94 pct) of the precious metals in the iron residues. The leaching solution is then processed by copper cementation and solvent extraction (SX) to recover PGMs and CuNiCo, respectively. (2) The iron residues are treated by pressure cyanidation leaching to selectively dissolve precious metals. The cyanidation solution is then cemented by zinc power reduction to produce Pt-Pd concentrates. Testing results from both lab and pilot (5 kg/batch, 50 L autoclave) scale tests show that Pt+Pd content has been increased from 86 g/t (flotation concentrate) to 56 to 59 wt pct (zinc cementation residue) with an extraction recovery of 95.8 pct. The Pt-Pd enriched cementation residues can be sold as Platinum Group Metal (PGM) concentrates to refineries for further refining.     

硫化物矿石中银的溶样方法探讨

研究了采用双硫腙分光光度法测定金精矿、尾矿及稀有金属、有色金属等各种矿石中微量银时，用盐酸-硝酸-液溴分解硫化物矿石的最佳条件；实验结果表明，该方法操作简便、快速，具有较高的精密度和准确度，在实际应用中获得满意结果。     

铅锌硫化矿中伴生银综合回收试验研究

针对内蒙古敖包吐铅锌硫化矿伴生银的矿石性质,采用组合抑制剂石灰+次氯酸钙抑制黄铁矿、碳酸钠与硫酸锌组合药剂抑制锌矿物、乙硫氮+25号黑药+乙基黄药为铅、银矿物的组合捕收剂等工艺条件及优先选铅—铅尾矿选锌流程,获得了理想的选矿技术指标。浮选闭路试验结果表明:铅精矿铅品位45.18%,铅回收率88.98%,含银1 556.55 g/t,银回收率73.55%;锌精矿锌品位45.97%,锌回收率83.77%。     

氧化矿强精单独选别工艺流程的试验研究

针对氧化矿强磁精矿、弱磁精矿两种不同矿物采用单独反浮选工艺流程进行工业试验与研究,指出强精单独反浮选试验为下一步正浮选提供可靠的依据,达到氧化矿提质降杂的目的.     

铜铅多金属混合矿石优先浮选工艺试验研究

某铜铅矿石含铜·0．96％,含铅1．04％,属于铜铅多金属混合矿石。对该矿石进行混合浮选,其浮选精矿的铜铅分离很困难。最终通过优先浮选铜一尾矿浮选铅的工艺流程,并采用组合药剂抑制铅,浮选闭路流程试验获得了较好的指标：铜精矿铜品位24．35％,含铅6．91％,铜回收率82．04％;铅精矿铅品位45．13％,含铜1．73％,铅回收率68．54％。     

Multidisciplinary epidemiological observations on the role of mineral elements and other environmental factors in inducing essential arterial hypertension

The results of a pluridisciplinary epidemiological study carried out on a series of 225 adults from rural areas, in whom the prevalence of arterial hypertension disease (AHTD) and borderline (AHTB) was of 19.0% and 14.4%, respectively, are presented. In 19.0% of the carriers of over five associated risk factors for cardiovascular disease, the classical lipid constants (triglycerides-TG. total lipids-TL. total cholesterol-TC. HDL-cholesterol-HDL-c), plasma (PML) and erythrocyte magnesium level (EML), as compared to the degree of drinking water mineralization were determined. The environmental conditions, also expressed in water hardness (21.650 G) or magnesium water intake (85.13 mg/l) correlate in 41.0% of the subjects with a decrease in PML (1.8 mg/l) and in 70.48 with a decrease in EML (4.8 mg/l) through the association of some behavioral or metabolic risk factors: stress, consumption of atherogenic foods, excess alcohol and lipid dysmetabolism (TG: 130-140 mg/l = 59.5%; TL: 8 g%-30.9%; TC: 220 mg/l = 19%; HDL-c: 35 mg/l + 1.9%).     

低品位硫化铜矿微生物强化浸出的研究进展

综述了强化低品位硫化铜矿微生物浸出的研究进展，重点阐述了黄铁矿和银离子催化黄铜矿生物浸出的原电池效应。     

低品位硫化铜矿微生物强化浸出的研究进展

综述了强化低品位硫化铜矿微生物浸出的研究进展,重点阐述了黄铁矿和银离子催化黄铜矿生物浸出的原电池效应。     

Predicting the efficiency of chemical processes in the treatment of ores and low-grade concentrates

The large body of knowledge about the relation between chemical process efficiency and mineralogical features is of only limited use. The profession ought to try to improve the methods of using information as well as adding to the knowledge. One attempt is described.Correlations between process efficiency factors and the mineralogical features of low-grade concentrates have been developed from both a theoretical analysis and experimental measurements. The ultimate recovery of a reactive phase in an inert matrix can be calculated from simple measurements of the particle size, porosity and pore size of the concentrate, and the grain size of the reactive mineral. The rate of recovery, up to 98% recovery, can be calculated from simple measurements of particle size, porosity, proportion of reactive mineral and tortuosity. Some details are given.The correlations are of potential use in process selection and preliminary design. Satisfactory predictions have been made for near-ideal systems. Improvements in the measurement of pore size and tests on more realistic materials are required. The ultimate benefit of the correlations will be determined by the magnitude and frequency of the effects of mineralogical features other than those specified above.     

含银铅低品位金矿石浮选试验研究及实践

为合理开发利用金矿资源,针对李子金矿蚀变岩型矿石性质,进行了小型浮选试验研究及生产实践。在获得的最佳条件基础上,通过对生产中工艺参数的优化,如增大捕收剂用量、适当降低矿石处理量、降低混合精矿产率、加入适量矿泥分散剂等,生产实践取得了较好的指标,金、银、铅的回收率分别为82.19%、84.61%、79.32%。