基于神经网络VLSI与噪声信号的故障诊断

为了改变传统的基于软件的机械故障诊断模式，以及发挥神经网络超大规模集成电路(vLSI)的优势，提出了一种用于故障诊断识别的脉冲频率调制(PFM)模拟神经网络脉冲流vLSI电路。实现了一种脉冲流数字模拟混合突触乘法／加法器电路，而且该神经网络电路的突触权值不需要学习调整．降低了电路的复杂性。以此电路为基础．设计了进行主轴承磨损故障诊断的神经网络故障识别系统。利用含有故障信息的噪声信号代替传感器安装困难的基于振动信号的特征值提取，最后．根据代表待识别信号与标准故障模板之间欧氏距离的电路输出端电容电压值可以判断出故障类别。该电路具有较高的识别精度．可以实现噪声故障信号的实时在线识别。     

模拟神经网络VLSI脉冲流技术在故障诊断中的应用分析

介绍了模拟神经网络VLSI脉冲流技术实现神经网络模式识别硬件电路的方法，并且直接将故障分类。提出利用包含有故障信息的原始模拟噪声信号，经过前置信号处理和神经网络运算，得出VLSI电路输出端电容的电压值－代表待识别信号与模板故障信号的“欧氏距离”，以实现噪声故障信号的实时硬件在线识别。     

一种基于小波分析和神经网络的模拟电路故障诊断的方法研究

提出了一种基于小波分析和神经网络的电路故障诊断方法.首先用PSPICE(Simulation Program with Integrated CircuitEmphasis,即集成电路编程仿真技术)电路仿真软件对电路进行仿真;然后对电路的输出节点电压信号进行小波分解,提取各频段的能量作为故障样本;最后利用神经网络的并行处理结构和非线性映射能力,实现故障诊断.仿真实验结果表明该方法对容差模拟电路故障定位具有较高的准确率,为模拟电路故障诊断技术开辟了一条道路,为模拟电路故障诊断技术开辟了一条道路.     

基于小波神经网络的模拟电路故障诊断技术

文章提出了一种基于小波神经网络的模拟电路故障诊断方法:通过分析被测电路的冲激响应来识别电路中的故障元件,利用小波理论中的多分辨率分析的方法提取出相应信号中的故障特征,组成特征向量后输入神经网络进行训练,实现故障诊断;该方法减少了神经网络的输入、简化了其结构、并缩短了训练和处理时间,文中分别用小波神经网络和传统的BP神经网络对实例电路进行故障诊断,仿真结果发现:小波神经网络相比BP网络方法收敛速度更快,诊断率更高。     

基于新小波神经网络的电力电子电路故障诊断

电力电子电路模型具有非线性,所以对它进行故障诊断比较困难.针对这种情况,将小波变换的时频局部化特性和神经网络的非线性映射与学习推理的优点结合起来,建立一种新的小波神经网络.并以双桥12相脉波整流电路为例,首先列出电路的故障类型,片用软件模拟电路的各种故障下的故障信号,然后使用建立的小波神经网络学习和存储双桥12相脉波整流电路的故障信号和故障类型之间的映射关系,实现电路的故障诊断.仿真结果证明了这种故障诊断方法的正确性和准确性.     

基于高阶累积量的模拟电路故障诊断

结合信息融合技术,提出一种基于高阶累积量的模拟电路故障诊断方法.对待测电路施加正弦激励信号,从待测电路的输出终端提取原始电压和电流信号,求出峰度和斜度作为故障特征向量,将其输入改进的反向传播神经网络进行故障诊断.实例结果表明,该方法具有较高的诊断准确率.     

滚动轴承故障诊断的仿真研究

研究滚动轴承故障诊断问题,故障振动信号具有非平稳性、突变性。由于运行中噪声影响识别故障信号,传统傅立叶变换或单一小波分析难以对特征信号进行准确提取,导致滚动轴承故障诊断正确率较低。为了提高了滚动轴承故障诊断正确率,提出一种小波分析和Hilbert变换的滚动轴承故障诊断方法。首先采用小波分析对采集滚动轴承信号进行分解,消除噪声信息,然后采用Hilbert变换对信号进行进一步精细分解。利用MATLAB软件对滚动轴承故障进行仿真,仿真结果表明,改进算法提高了滚动轴承故障诊断正确率,很适合处理滚动轴承的故障信号。     

基于PCA-NN的电力电子整流装置故障诊断

提出一种基于PCA-神经网络的电力电子整流装置故障诊断方法.首先对故障信号用主元分析法(PCA)提取特征向量,然后用神经网络进行训练和测试.通过三相可控整流电路晶闸管断路故障诊断实验结果表明,该方法能够简化神经网络的结构,提高网络的训练速度,并获得了很好的诊断效果.     

基于时域信号特征和卷积神经网络的模拟电路故障诊断算法

模拟电路是现代电子技术的基础,及时识别与定位电路故障是保证系统正常工作的重要环节。针对此类工程问题,提出一种基于时域信号特征和卷积神经网络(CNN)的模拟电路故障判断算法。首先采集对象电路的激励输入和输出响应信号,经过处理后成为1^*N或2^*N的时域信号序列输入CNN中,端到端实现从原始输入时域信号到故障识别期望输出的映射。实验仿真和实测结果表明,与经过信号预处理的频谱图+CNN和小波包变换+反向传播(BP)神经网络算法相比,该算法对结构性电路故障的识别正确率明显提高,在参数变化型电路故障的识别效果上总正确率相差不到1个百分点,但对于电路正常的判断正确率由93%提高到97%,避免出现某一具体故障正确率很低的情况,总体性能优于对比算法。该算法能够准确快速地识别和定位模拟电路中的结构性故障和参数变化型故障。     

航空发动机整机振动故障智能诊断技术研究

针对BP神经网络和支持向量机对整机振动故障诊断时的低效问题,提出了一种基于多类协同训练的航空发动机整机振动故障诊断方法.引入逻辑回归算法构建初始故障分类器,设计了一种新的属性划分算法来迭代优化故障分类器,基于优化后的故障分类器进行故障类别预测,并使用多数投票机制进行故障仿真识别.实验采用某航空发动机整机振动数据作为样本数据集,并从中选择80％的数据用于训练,20％的数据用于测试,同时验证了在噪声信号的干扰下该方法对故障数据的诊断准确性.结果表明,该方法可有效降低噪声信号对故障诊断结果的影响,且诊断准确性高,具有重要的工程实用价值.     

PWM型VLSI神经网络在故障诊断中的应用

An improved pulse width modulation (PWM) neural network VLSI circuit for fault diagnosis is presented, which differs from the software-based fault diagnosis approach and exploits the merits of neural network VLSI circuit. A simple synapse multiplier is introduced, which has high precision, large linear range and less switching noise effects. A voltage-mode sigmoid circuit with adjustable gain is introduced for realization of different neuron activation functions. A voltage-pulse conversion circuit required for PWM is also introduced, which has high conversion precision and linearity. These 3 circuits are used to design a PWM VLSI neural network circuit to solve noise fault diagnosis for a main bearing. It can classify the fault samples directly. After signal processing, feature extraction and neural network computation for the analog noise signals including fault information, each output capacitor voltage value of VLSI circuit can be obtained, which represents Euclid distance between the corresponding fault signal template and the diagnosing signal, The real-time online recognition of noise fault signal can also be realized.     

基于神经网络的大规模模拟电路故障检测系统

设计了一个基于小波和神经网络的信号处理系统，该系统主要针对大规模模拟电路故障检测。针对传统诊断技术的局限性，讨论了利用神经网络方法分级诊断大规模模拟电路软故障的方案，通过小波变换提取故障特征，并利用神经网络的非线性映射特性逼近故障诊断模型。诊断结果表明基于人工神经网络的电路故障诊断方法是行之有效的。此方法具有广阔的应用前景，为大规模模拟电路故障诊断提供了新的理论依据和检测方法，并有希望研制成一套高效的检测设备。     

A programmable analog VLSI neural network processor forcommunication receivers

An analog VLSI neural network processor was designed and fabricated for communication receiver applications. It does not require prior estimation of the channel characteristics. A powerful channel equalizer was implemented with this processor chip configured as a four-layered perceptron network. The compact synapse cell is realized with an enhanced wide-range Gilbert multiplier circuit. The output neuron consists of a linear current-to-voltage converter and a sigmoid function generator with a controllable voltage gain. Network training is performed by the modified Kalman neuro-filtering algorithm to speed up the convergence process for intersymbol interference and white Gaussian noise communication channels. The learning process is done in the companion DSP board which also keeps the synapse weight for later use of the chip. The VLSI neural network processor chip occupies a silicon area of 4.6 mmx6.8 mm and was fabricated in a 2-mum double-polysilicon CMOS technology. System analysis and experimental results are presented.     

信息融合在模拟电路故障诊断系统中的应用

设计一种基于信息融合和神经网络理论的模拟电路故障诊断系统。采用基于单片机的信号采集系统,对电路可及点电压和不同激励频率下的电路输出电压峰值进行采样,得出电压和电路放大倍数2类故障特征参数,利用其进行基于BP神经网络的初步诊断,运用模糊变换方法进行融合诊断及故障定位。实例诊断结果表明,与基于单一信息的诊断系统相比,该系统能定位不同类型的元件故障,诊断准确率较高。     

A self-adaptive data analysis for fault diagnosis of an automotive air-conditioner blower

This paper presents a fault diagnosis system for an automotive air-conditioner blower based on a noise emission signal using a self-adaptive data analysis technique. The proposed diagnosis system consists of feature extraction using the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method and fault classification using the artificial neural network technique. The EMD method has been developed quite recently to adaptively decompose the non-stationary and non-linear signals. It sifts the complex signal of time series without losing its original properties and then obtains some useful intrinsic mode function (IMF) components. Calculating the energy of each component can reduce the computation dimensions and enhance classification performance. These energy features of various fault conditions are used as inputs to train the artificial neural network. In the fault classification, the probabilistic neural network (PNN) is used to verify the performance of the proposed system and compare with the traditional technique, back-propagation neural network (BPNN). The experimental results indicated the proposed technique performed well for quickly and accurately estimating fault conditions.     

一种基于LabVIEW DSP模块的风机故障诊断系统

设计一种基于图形化开发环境LabVIEW DSP模块的风机故障诊断系统开发方案。方案以32位浮点DSP芯片TMS320C6713为核心,采集风机噪声信号并利用信号的功率谱重心、A声级和小波分解相关频段的能量构成故障诊断的特征向量,以BP网络作为故障的智能分类器,建立起智能诊断系统。实验结果表明,以噪声信号作为诊断对象,采用提升小波和神经网络相融合的诊断与识别技术具有良好的特征提取能力和自适应学习能力,可以准确地识别设备状态。     

基于联合压缩感知重构的网络通信故障检测系统设计

针对当前故障检测系统检测网络通信故障信号时存在不精准的问题,设计了基于联合压缩感知重构的网络通信故障检测系统。结合联合压缩感知理论,设计系统总体结构。选用光时域反射仪F7高端电信级光缆故障光纤测试仪OTDR作为系统硬件,依据工作原理,判断通信网络传输特性,设置菜单按钮,缩放、等比、还原检测出的波形。采用AD8066型号低噪声放大器,设计电流电压转换电路,在反馈电阻两端并联一个电容以抑制噪声,并利用单色驱动器24-40W激光驱动器为激光电源提供电流,使脉冲信号转换为电信号。在J2SE平台下,设计中心服务功能,通过激光驱动发射正脉冲,使格雷互补码偏置到峰值的一半左右,实现格雷互补码在OTDR中应用,依据系统检测流程,完成网络通信故障检测。系统性能测试结果表明,基于联合压缩感知重构检测系统对网络通信故障信号检测结果较为精准,误差最大为0.3dB,为网络运行维护奠定基础。     

A new wide range Euclidean distance circuit for neural network hardware implementations

In this paper, we describe an analog very large-scale integration (VLSI) implementation of a wide range Euclidean distance computation circuit - the key element of many synapse circuits. This circuit is essentially a wide-range absolute value circuit that is designed to be as small as possible (80 /spl times/ 76 /spl mu/m) in order to achieve maximum synapse density while maintaining a wide range of operation (0.5 to 4.5 V) and low power consumption (less than 200 /spl mu/W). The circuit has been fabricated in 1.5-/spl mu/m technology through MOSIS. We present simulated and experimental results of the circuit, and compare these results. Ultimately, this circuit is intended for use as part of a high-density hardware implementation of a self-organizing map (SOM). We describe how this circuit can be used as part of the SOM and how the SOM is going to be used as part of a larger bio-inspired vision system based on the octopus visual system.     

基于小波神经网络的模拟电路故障诊断

模拟电路故障诊断具有诊断特性复杂,故障字典建立耗时长等特性,用传统的方法很难得到最佳的诊断效果。本文采用小波神经网络对故障电路建模,基于该网络学习收敛快,对网络输入不太敏感的特点,实现故障诊断。