影响硬杂木SCMP白度的因素及其过氧化氢漂白

本文对影响柞木和水曲柳磺化化机浆(SCMP)白度的因素及影响H2O2漂白的因素进行了研究.     

提高芦苇SCMP过氧化氢漂白效率的研究

对芦苇磺化化学机械浆（SCMP）H2O2漂白过程中的各种影响因素进行了探讨，确定了芦苇SCMP H2O2漂白的适宜工艺条件。实验结果表明，芦苇SCMP具有较好的可漂性，采用2％用量的H2O2就可以将白度为40．6％ISO芦苇SCMP漂至52．4％ISO。     

桦木磺化化机浆的制浆和漂白

排木在东北贮量丰富，但其比重大，材质坚硬，成浆细碎，强度低，德水性差，色泽深，制取化学浆得率低，制取机械浆强度、白度亦低，多数用来抄造纸板。利用受到了限制。我们使用烨木制取磺化化机浆（SCMP）进行试验，结果表明，得率高（90％以上），强度较好（裂断长4－7km），制浆污染较轻；用H：0。漂白白度较高（90％，SBD），可用来代替化学木浆配抄文化用纸，对于拓宽烨木利用范围、降低污染将有一定的现实意义。试验结果如下。1制浆本试验采用成化初始温度40℃，升至最高温度90min、110℃小放汽至0．05MPa为固定条件，对最高温度…     

响应面分析法优化桑枝SCMP制浆工艺

采用桑枝为原料制备磺化化机浆(SCMP浆),考察磺化条件对桑枝SCMP浆性能的影响。通过单因素实验和响应面分析法探讨制备SCMP浆的最佳工艺条件。结果表明,最佳工艺为:NaOH用量3%,Na2SO3用量18%,最高温度115℃。在此条件下获得的SCMP浆白度为49.4%,耐破指数为4.51 kPa·m2/g,抗张指数为31.8 N·m/g,撕裂指数为5.35 mN·m2/g。     

竹青对粉单竹SCMP制浆的影响

本研究主要分析竹青对粉单竹SCMP(磺化化机浆)制浆的影响。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察发现,竹青表面有一层致密的蜡质层,以正己烷为提取剂提取竹青表面蜡质,再经过气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)分析,其成分是烃类、酸类、酚类、酮类、醛类等物质。对去除竹青与未去除竹青的竹子原料、SCMP浆以及漂白SCMP浆的成分分析发现,在磺化磨浆过程中,竹青阻碍了药液的渗透,影响了抽出物的溶出。X射线光电子能谱(XPS)分析证明,未去除竹青纤维表面含有较多的抽出物,在H2O2漂白过程中,抽出物消耗H2O2,对漂白存在影响。对竹子SCMP浆进行一段漂白和二段漂白后,去除竹青的SCMP浆白度分别提高了24.9和36.4个百分点,未去除竹青的SCMP浆白度分别提高了24.5和34.6个百分点。在相同漂白条件下,去除竹青SCMP浆白度比未去除竹青SCMP浆白度提高的多一点。     

制浆流程对杨木SCMP白度和物理强度的影响

研究了改进的SCMP流程对成浆白度和物理强度的影响.研究发现,磺化后磨浆浆料白度下降较严重;H2O2漂白后磨浆,前期白度提高,继续磨浆白度稍有下降,在一段磨浆前后进行H2O2漂白可减少磨浆对白度的不利影响.化学预处理可改善纸浆强度,以磺化 挤压 H2O2处理对木片的软化的效果最好,成浆的强度指标最高.相对于汽蒸处理,化学预处理对木片的软化可减少挤压对纤维造成的损伤,SCMP生产的挤压处理以木片磺化反应后进行较优.H2O2漂白中,NaOH对强度的提高起到决定作用.     

麦草制取低污染的SCMP和CTMP的研究

本文对麦草制取低污染SCMP和CTMP进行了初步研究。探讨了浓废液循环利用对SCMP性质的影响和SCMP的稀洗涤废液用于制取麦草CTMP的适宜条件。结果表明：麦草制取SCMP的适宜条件：Na2SO3用量15％，磺化温度130℃，升温时间60min，保温时间45min，磺化浆得率82．0％，成浆裂断长3．45km，撕裂指数8．32mNm^2／g。在较优条件下进行浓废液循环利用对浆料性质影响不大，稀洗涤废液用于制取麦草CTMP是可行的，在适宜化学处理条件下（Na2SO3用量4％，NaOH用量3％，最高温度125℃，保温时间30min）制得CTMP的得率87．1％，裂断长2．48km，撕裂指数6．91mN·m^2／g。     

落叶松磺化化学机械浆可漂性的初步研究

本文是关于落叶松磺化化学机械浆(SCMP)可漂性的初步研究,探索了影响未漂落叶松SCMP白度的因素和使用常用漂白剂的可漂性。     

桦木磺化化机浆废液的循环和利用

高得率制浆虽然可以减少生产中废液对环境的污染，但废液的污染问题仍不可忽视。为此，我们对磺化化机浆（SCMP）的废液进行了循环和有效利用的研究。具体实验过程为：将烨木片进行磺化预处理，磨浆生产SCMP，探索适宜的生产工艺条件，然后在相同条件下进行废液的循环利用，并将烨木SCMP洗涤后得到的稀废液，添加少量的Na0H作为化学预处理液生产麦草化机浆（CMP）。旨在减少和消除样木SCMP处理废液排放对环境造成的污染，并期望用烨木SCMP作面浆、麦草CMP作芯底浆生产纸板，同时达到提高植物纤维原料利用率和减少环境污染的目的…     

芦苇磺化化学机械浆及漂白工艺研究

本文对芦苇磺化化学机械(SCMP)制浆及漂白工艺进行了研究.研究表明,在磺化处理Na2SO3用量12%、NaOH用量2%的条件下,磨后浆经PFI打浆至62.SR,白度40.6%ISO,裂断长为3.48km,撕裂指数达4.15 mN·m2/g.芦苇SCMP浆料用H2O2单段漂白,H2O2用量为2%时,成浆白度达52.4%ISO,裂断长为3.64km,撕裂指数达4.26 mN·m2/g;H2O2用量3%时,可漂至57.1%ISO,裂断长为3.79km,撕裂指数达4.38 mN·m2/g.     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press