Problem-solving workshop training.

Assessed the effects of intensive problem-solving training on outcomes related to counseling. 50 undergraduates who expressed a need for and willingness to participate in a problem-solving workshop were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: a treatment group, a pre–posttest control group, and a posttest-only control group. Treatment consisted of didactic presentations, group discussions, and directed practice in 5 90-min sessions that were designed for systematic training in 5 stages of problem solving. Dependent variables were generation of alternatives, decision-making skill, and Ss' perceptions of their problem-solving skills as measured by Subtests 2 and 3 of the Problem-Solving Test and the Problem-Solving Inventory. Results indicate that training did influence the quality of response, but training did not increase the number of Ss' alternatives. Ss participating in the workshop also described themselves as using fewer impulsive behaviors during problem solving than nonparticipant controls. No differences were found among groups on their ability to make effective choices from among a set of alternatives. (21 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Discussion of the AED workshop

An overview is given of the different issues that have been discussed, with subsequent recommendation. Standardisation of measurement and reporting of efficacy parameter and side-effects is essential; not only the number of patients achieving complete seizure controlled or have a decrease in seizure frequency and severity should be mentioned but also the number who dropped out and the reasons therefore. More information is needed on the teratogeneticy of a drug, either by performing control trials or by registration of all pregnancies with new anti-epileptic drugs. Appropriate bio-marker for efficacy and toxicity should be developed. Health-related quality of life scales, collecting both subjective and objective information should be developed and used as complimentary tools in understanding more about the disease. A drug that improves the quality of life but is less effective in suppressing seizures should be marketed. Finally, pharmaco-economic studies should be encouraged in the field of epilepsy.     

Comments: overview of the 5th international workshop on Pneumocystis and the 5th general meeting of the European Concerted Action on Pneumocystis Research

The major highlights of the meetings were the initiation of efforts to assign different species names to certain Pneumocystis organisms, and the invitation for international participation in a project to map and sequence the genome of P. carinii carinii. The oral and poster presentations demonstrated important advances have been achieved in the past year.     

BSI workshop on cytokines in reproduction

The British Society for Immunology Spring Meeting, held at the University of Bristol on April 17-19th, 1996, to mark the bicentenary of Edward Jenner's vaccination against smallpox, provided the setting for the recent meeting of the UK Materno-Fetal Immunobiology Group (MFIG). The them for the MFIG workshop was 'Cytokines in Reproduction' and it was attended by over 60 delegates.     

Chromosome structure and composition

Previous studies in rodents showed a severe deterioration of pineal physiology with aging. The present study investigated the age-related changes in the content of monoamines and metabolites in rat and Syrian hamster pineal gland. In addition to melatonin, the levels of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5HTP), serotonin (5HT), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5HIAA), N-acetylserotonin (N-Ac-SHT), dopamine (DA), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), and noradrenaline (NA) were measured by HPLC. Pronounced reductions were found in 5HT and 5HIAA contents during daytime in rats of 24 months, which had not been observed in animals of 12 months. In addition, nighttime pineal 5HIAA, N-Ac-5HT, and melatonin contents were decreased in the old rats, although a significant day:night variation persisted. Also a diurnal fluctuation in NA, DA, and DOPAC contents was present in young and middle-aged rats but not for NA and DOPAC in the oldest rats due to a decrease in the nighttime levels. Pineal DA levels were also reduced in 24-month-old rats during the night, although a marked day:night change was still found. In the Syrian hamster pineal, significant reductions in daytime 5HT and 5HIAA were found respectively at 12 and 18 months, while nighttime levels of these compounds were decreased from 18 months. The nocturnal content of N-Ac-5HT dropped gradually from 12 months, and melatonin was reduced by 74% and 86% in hamsters of 18 and 24 months, respectively. In all these compounds, a significant day:night variation was observed irrespective of age. However, neither a day:night variation nor an effect of aging was found in terms of pineal NA content. In contrast, pineal DA and DOPAC levels displayed a diurnal variation in hamsters of 1.5 and 6 months, but not in animals of 12 and 18 months due a reduced nighttime content. These data suggest that the decline of pineal melatonin with age is a consequence of a deficit in the pathway of serotonin utilization. This probably is explained by a reduced N-acetyltransferase activity, which may be linked to impaired pineal catecholaminergic neurotransmission.     

Evaluation of a sex education workshop

Thirty-two first year medical students who attended a 1 day sex education workshop and seven of their classmates who did not attend the workshop were given the Sex Knowledge and Attitude Test (SKAT) both 1 month before and 3 months after the workshop. The workshop group on retest had scores significantly higher than their pretest scores in the areas of sexual knowledge, autoeroticism and sexual myths. The scores of the no-workshop group did not change significantly on any of the parameters.Evidently, knowledge can be increased and attitudes liberalized by means of an intensive day-long workshop and such changes may persist beyong the immediate period of the workshop.     

The workshop in industrial psychology.

"Beginning with the 1953 APA Annual Convention, the Division of Business and Industrial Psychology has sponsored an annual all-day Workshop in Industrial Psychology concurrent with the Convention." The program titles and workshop leaders since 1953 are indicated. Major sections are: The Programs, Participants, Evaluation of the Workshops (Assets of the Workshops, Weaknesses of the Sessions, Suggestions for Improvements). 3 tables summarize information concerning the workshops. "Overall, the Industrial Psychology Workshops seem to have been satisfying and profitable experiences for the participants." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Chromosome 17-linked dementias

Chromosome 17-linked dementias have been defined by linkage analysis. The most common of these syndromes has been estimated to be the cause of between 2 and 20% of all dementia and has alternately been called frontotemporal dementia, Pick's disease (without Pick bodies) and dementia lacking distinctive features [1-3]. The identification of the mutation responsible for these conditions in a group of clinically and pathologically heterogeneous disorders may allow us to gain broad insight into the processes of neurodegeneration.     

轧钢车间设备基础的设计

通过对多个轧钢车间的设计，对轧钢车间的设备基础设计有了深入了解。本文通过概述和示例的方式，对轧钢车间的设备基础及其在不同情况下的设计要求作了详细的介绍。     

浅析国内外轨梁车间

介绍国内攀钢、包钢著名轨粱厂以及国外的韩国INI steel公司等轨梁轧钢厂生产工艺、设备、技改等情况。     

Chromosome 3-linked frontotemporal dementia

Frontotemporal dementia accounts for a significant minority of all cases of presenile dementia. Many pedigrees have been described in which frontotemporal dementia is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. Frontotemporal dementia is genetically heterogeneous with loci identified on chromosome 17 and chromosome 3. Clinical, pathological and genetic findings are described in a large Danish family in which the disease gene lies in the pericentromeric region of chromosome 3.     

Chromosome structure inside the nucleus

Recent in situ three-dimensional structural studies have provided a new model for the 30 nm chromatin fiber. In addition, research during the past year has revealed some of the molecular complexity of non-histone chromosomal proteins. Still to come is the unification of molecular insights with chromosomal architecture.     

Chromosome arrangement within a bacterium

BACKGROUND: The contour length of the circular chromosome of bacteria is greater than a millimeter but must be accommodated within a cell that is only a few micrometers in length. Bacteria do not have nucleosomes and little is known about the arrangement of the chromosome inside a prokaryotic cell. RESULTS: We have investigated the arrangement of chromosomal DNA within the bacterium Bacillus subtilis by using fluorescence microscopy to visualize two sites on the chromosome simultaneously in the same cell. Indirect immunofluorescence with antibodies against the chromosome partition protein Spo0J were used to visualize the replication origin region of the chromosome. Green fluorescent protein fused to the lactose operon repressor Lacl was used to decorate tandem copies of the lactose operon operator lacO. A cassette of tandem operators was separately inserted into the chromosome near the origin (359 degrees), near the replication terminus (181 degrees), or at two points in between (90 degrees and 270 degrees). The results show that the layout of the chromosome is dynamic but is principally arranged with the origin and terminus maximally apart and the quarter points of the chromosome in between. CONCLUSIONS: The use of cytological methods to visualize two chromosomal sites in the same cell has provided a glimpse of the arrangement of a bacterial chromosome. We conclude that, to a first approximation, the folding of the bacterial chromosome is consistent with, and may preserve, the linear order of genes on the DNA.