高质量四脚状ZnO纳米结构的制备及其影响因素

采用汽相传输法制备高质量四脚状ZnO纳米结构(T-ZnO).以ZnO纳米晶为同质催 化剂,在锌源-衬底间添加蒸汽过滤器,研究过滤器和纳米晶对产物组成和形态的影响,以及 T-ZnO的结构特征.实验结果表明,T-ZnO为纤锌矿结构,分布均匀、尺寸一致,由四个柱 状纳米棒和一个球形核心组成.纳米棒直径约为60nm,沿<0001>晶向生长.过滤器的使用可 有效地去除产物中颗粒,而ZnO纳米晶的使用明显降低其尺寸,提高其均匀性.     

T-ZnO晶须增强环氧树脂复合材料的力学行为

研究了以四脚状氧化锌（T-ZnO）晶须为增强剂，环氧树脂复合材料的力学行为。结果表明，由具有三维空间结构的T-ZnO晶须为增强剂所制备的环氧树脂复合材料具有各向同性的力学性能，T-ZnO晶须填加质量分数为6%时，就可使材料的力学性能改善；拉伸强度提高到169%，拉伸功几乎提高了100%，冲击强度提高到300%，抗弯的断裂功提高到158%，而压缩强度略有下降。     

四脚状氧化锌晶须的微波电磁性能

以锌粉为原料,采用碳还原剂控制法制备了四脚状氧化锌晶须。用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜及X射线衍射分析方法对产物进行了表征。实验结果表明,该晶须为纯氧化锌,属于六方晶系纤锌矿结构;整个氧化锌晶须基本为四脚状晶须结构。通过热力学分析及试验表明,在1220~1350 K的温度时,可以得到完整的四脚状氧化锌晶体。用波导法对所得晶须进行了磁导率和介电常数的测量。微波电磁性能试验表明,四脚状氧化锌晶须是一种介电损耗材料,具有一定的微波吸收性能。     

T-ZnO_w制备过程中工艺参数的影响

采用常压下直接热蒸发锌粉的方法制备了四针状氧化锌晶须(T-ZnOw)。研究了升温速率及保温温度对晶须产量、结构及形态的影响。利用SEM及XRD对产物进行了表征。实验结果表明前期升温速率为3℃/min时,所制备T-ZnOw形貌最为规整,且产率高达95%。随着前期升温速率的提高,产物是不均匀的四针状氧化锌晶须,晶须尺寸增加。随着保温温度的增加,晶须细化,但晶须结构的完整性及产量都有所下降。     

蓝晶石制备莫来石晶须的研究

为了降低莫来石晶须的合成温度及生产成本,研究了以蓝晶石为主要原料烧结制备莫来石晶须的影响条件,通过烧结实验发现,原料的粒度、升温速率和催化剂添加量对莫来石晶须的制备有较大影响,影响顺序为：原料粒度〉催化剂添加量〉升温速率。晶须的最佳合成条件为：原料粒度为-325-＋400目,混合样（蓝晶石和氧化铝）与A1F3比例为10：4．0,以1150℃作为成核温度,保温lh,以1250℃作为晶化温度,保温4h,烧结过程中的升温速率为5E／rain,莫来石晶须的产率可以达到64％。     

T-ZnO晶须表面改性及在环氧树脂抗静电漆中的应用

研究了T-ZnO晶须对环氧树脂复合材料抗静电性的影响.采用SEM、IR等测试手段,对T-ZnO晶须改性前后的变化进行了表征与分析,结果表明:以无水乙醇为溶剂,表面活性剂聚乙二醇改性的具有半导体性的T-ZnO晶须均匀分散在环氧树脂中,相互搭接形成导电通路,而起抗静电作用,使环氧树脂材料的体积电阻率降低了4～5个数量级.     

自石灰石矿粉中直接提取CaCO3晶须的碳化-分解法研究

提出一种自石灰石矿粉中直接提取CaCO_3晶须的碳化-分解方法。该方法能够以天然石灰石矿粉为原料,通过水溶性碳酸的作用溶解出Ca(HCO_3)_2,进而在升温条件下通过Ca(HCO_3)_2的分解反应得到形貌规整的棱锥状CaCO_3晶须。扫描电镜观测与X射线衍射分析显示,Ca(HCO_3)_2分解温度对CaCO_3晶须微观形貌的影响显著,晶须长度与长径比随分解温度的升高均呈上升趋势,但分解温度超过80℃会导致文石晶相向方解石晶相转化。实验结果表明,80℃、2h条件下,Ca(HCO_3)_2分解产物中文石晶相含量较高,晶须几何形貌更为合理,其平均长度为14.61 μm、长径比为8.10。     

四角状氧化锌晶须表面镍镀层的制备及电磁性能

采用化学镀方法在四角状氧化锌晶须(T-ZnO)表面制备了镍镀层,并对其电磁性能进行了研究.采用XRD,SEM及EDS对化学镀镍后的T-ZnO晶须进行了结构、形貌以及成分表征.结果表明:随着化学镀时间的延长,在T-ZnO晶须表面包覆了一层镍镀层,镀层具有非晶结构,含有少量的磷,约2%(质量分数).使用波导法对化学镀镍前后的T-ZnO晶须进行了电磁参数的测量.结果表明:化学镀后晶须的微波吸收性能明显增加,在频率为11.7GHz处反射率可达-17.5dB左右,而且最大吸收峰的频率随镍析出量的变化而改变,这样有利于实现吸收频带的展宽.     

四针状氧化锌晶须的研究进展

四针状氧化锌晶须是唯一具有三维空间结构的晶须,在复合材料上的应用受到了越来越多的重视.介绍了T-ZnO的制备方法;侧重从晶体结构特征和生长习性方面综述、讨论T-ZnO的生长机理研究,并指出了存在的问题和进一步研究的方向;最后概述了T-ZnO应用方面的研究.     

不同形态低维ZnO晶须的制备及表征

采用热蒸发法制备出高纯度线状、棒状、多脚状的不同形态ZnO晶须材料.研究了氮气流量、反应温度、反应时间(保温时间)等因素对产物规整率、转化率及长径比的影响.利用SEM对产物形态进行表征.结果表明:采用不同条件的热蒸发法可制备出高质量不同形态的ZnO晶须.反应过程中锌蒸压气对产物形态的影响较大.以陈化锌粉为原料,在1000～1100℃保温较短的时间,并始终以0.2m3/h通入高纯氮气,得到棒状晶须;保温时间较长,得到线状晶须.而多脚状ZnO晶须则是在通入高纯氮气时间较短的情况下得到的.     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.