Systematic screening procedure and innovative energy-saving design for ionic liquid-based extractive distillation process

In the traditional extractive distillation process, organic solvents are often used as entrainers. However, environmental influence and high energy-consumption are significant problems in industrial application. In this study, a systematic screening strategy and innovative energy-saving design for ionic liquid-based extractive distillation process was proposed. The innovative energy-saving design focused on the binary minimum azeotrope mixtures isopropanol and water. Miscibility, environmental impact and physical properties (e.g., melting point and viscosity) of 30 ionic liquids were investigated. 1-Ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium dicyanamide and 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium dicyanamide were selected as candidate entrainers. Feasibility analysis of these two ionic liquids was further performed via residue curve maps, isovolatility line and temperature profiles. An innovative ionic liquid-based extractive distillation process combining distillation column and stripping column was designed and optimized with the objective function of minimizing the total annualized cost. The results demonstrate that the total annualized cost was reduced by 19.9% with 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium dicyanamide as the entrainer and by 24.3% with 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium dicyanamide, compared with that of dimethyl sulfoxide. The method proposed in this study is conducive to the green and sustainable development of extractive distillation process.     

Batch extractive distillation as a hybrid process: separation of minimum boiling azeotropes

The batch extractive distillation is compared with the hybrid process (absorption+distillation) by feasibility studies and rigorous simulation. A new method is presented for the assessment of feasibility of the hybrid batch extractive distillation. The limiting values of the operational parameters are determined. Calculations are presented for the separation of the minimum boiling azeotropic mixtures of acetone-methanol and ethanol-water by the application of water and ethylene glycol as heavy solvents, respectively.     

Optimal retrofit design of extractive distillation to energy efficient thermally coupled distillation scheme

Design and optimization procedures employing the response surface methodology (RSM) for retrofitting the conventional extractive distillation sequence to a thermally coupled extractive distillation scheme (TCEDS—SR) is presented. The optimum TCEDS—SR structure can be found in a practical manner with minimal simulation runs. Furthermore, the RSM allows the interactions between variables to be identified and quantified. The separation of close boiling point mixtures and azeotropic mixtures was examined to test the proposed method. The predictions agreed well with the results of a rigorous simulation. The results showed that a retrofit of the extractive distillation sequence to TCED—SR can achieve significant energy savings compared to the conventional extractive distillation sequence. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 59: 1175–1182, 2013     

分隔壁萃取精馏塔分离醋酸水溶液的模拟

提出了一种新的单塔萃取精馏精制醋酸水溶液的新工艺,该工艺采用分隔壁萃取精馏塔(DWC-E)替代常规萃取精馏流程的萃取精馏塔及溶剂回收塔,不仅节省了设备投资,而且降低了总能耗。利用Aspen Plus模拟软件,对DWC-E塔及常规萃取流程进行了模拟。DWC-E塔的操作条件:塔板数40块,侧线精馏段的板数10块,回流比2,溶剂摩尔比2.5,在此条件下,比较了常规萃取精馏流程与分隔壁精馏塔内温度、液相组成及汽液相流量的变化。结果表明,DWC-E塔比常规的2塔萃取精馏流程节能23.91%。     

萃取精馏中离子液体萃取剂的研究进展

离子液体的低熔点和不挥发等特点使其较传统的萃取精馏萃取剂具有先天的优势,具有广泛的应用前景。本文介绍了离子液体作为萃取精馏萃取剂的研究进展,综述了汽液平衡法、无限稀释活度系数法等筛选离子液体萃取剂方法的研究成果以及目前用于计算含离子液体体系的相平衡模型研究进展,分析了离子液体萃取剂用于实用仍存在的问题,并展望了今后的研究方向。     

环丁砜萃取精馏过程模拟分析及工艺参数优化

以环丁砜-烃类相平衡数据和NRTL-RK热力学方法为基础,对环丁砜萃取精馏过程进行了全流程模拟和工艺操作参数优化。综合考虑各个操作变量及其关联,提出了基于局部耦合参数迭代优化的整体协同优化的策略。通过文献数据回归和Aspen Plus物性估算系统相结合,补充修正了缺失的模型参数,并以此模拟分析了各关键操作参数对环丁砜萃取精馏过程能耗和分离效果的影响。结果表明：当萃取精馏塔操作压力为0.17 MPa,溶剂回收塔操作压力为0.05 MPa时,贫溶剂最佳温度为100℃,原料饱和气相进料的最佳进料位置为第50块塔板;溶剂回收塔最佳回流比为0.33;最佳进料位置为第6块塔板,汽提水量为2853 kg·h^-1。优化后,装置最小热公用工程由1.158 GJ·t^-1下降至0.802 GJ·t^-1,节能效果显著。     

萃取精馏分离异丙醇-水共沸体系的模拟与优化

对异丙醇-水共沸体系的萃取精馏过程进行模拟与优化。以乙二醇为萃取剂,基于UNIFAC模型,使用Aspen Plus化工模拟软件中的RadFrac模块进行萃取精馏模拟,并利用灵敏度分析模块对各工艺参数进行灵敏度分析与优化。结果表明,以乙二醇做萃取剂分离异丙醇-水共沸体系是可行的。对于处理流量5000kg·h-1的异丙醇-水共沸溶液,精馏塔具有22块塔板时,原料进料位置在第16块塔板,萃取液进料位置在第3块塔板,摩尔回流比为1.4,萃取剂与原料的进料比为2∶1,塔顶异丙醇质量分数可达0.9981,萃取精馏塔的分离效果和热负荷达到最优。模拟和优化的结果对工业化设计和生产具备指导意义。     

Energy-efficient recovery of tetrahydrofuran and ethyl acetate by triple-column extractive distillation: entrainer design and process optimization

An energy-efficient triple-column extractive distillation process is developed for recovering tetrahydrofuran and ethyl acetate from industrial effluent.The process development follows a rigorous hierarchical design procedure that involves entrainer design,thermodynamic analysis,process design and optimization,and heat integration.The computer-aided molecular design method is firstly used to find promising entrainer candidates and the best one is determined via rigorous thermodynamic analysis.Subsequently,the direct and indirect triple-column extractive distillation processes are proposed in the conceptual design step.These two extractive distillation processes are then optimized by employing an improved genetic algorithm.Finally,heat integration is performed to further reduce the process energy consumption.The results indicate that the indirect extractive distillation process with heat integration shows the highest performance in terms of the process economics.     

萃取精馏分离三甲氧基硅烷和甲醇的模拟和优化

运用Aspen Plus对萃取精馏分离三甲氧基硅烷和甲醇进行了模拟研究。采用芳烃作溶剂,通过和传统的对二甲苯溶剂对比,发现异丙苯和均三甲苯作溶剂具有很好的节能效果,且均三甲苯效果十分显著。在均三甲苯作溶剂的基础上,分析了溶剂比、塔板数、进料位置、回流比等条件对分离效果的影响,并对参数进行优化。确定了最优的操作条件为萃取精馏塔共24块理论板,混合物进料位置为第15块塔板,溶剂进料位置为第11块板,溶剂比为0.4,回流比为0.6。溶剂回收塔共12块理论板,进料位置为第5块塔板,回流比为2.3。在此条件下,三甲氧基硅烷和甲醇的产品的质量分数均能达到99.6%。     

Optimization and control of a reactive and extractive distillation process for the synthesis of isopropyl acetate

A conventional reactive distillation column will not be able to produce high purity isopropyl acetate (IPAc) due to the existence of a minimum boiling azeotrope in the system. In this work, a novel reactive and extractive distillation (RED) process was proposed and used for the synthesis of IPAc. Results showed that the purity of IPAc reached 99.5%. Then, the RED flowsheet was optimized with minimum total annual cost (TAC), and a number of key variables were determined with the assistance of program written in Visual Basic 6.0 (VB). After that, two control structures of the RED process were developed: a basic control structure with temperature/proportional cascade control and an improved control structure with composition/temperature cascade control. The integral of squared error (ISE) was introduced to evaluate the performance of control systems, it revealed that the improved control structure had better controllability.     

Solvent selection for extractive distillation using molecular simulation

This study examines a search for a new solvent for extractive distillation using molecular simulation, and the performance of the proposed extractive distillation processes using the solvents is compared to conventional processes. Unlike other solvent search procedures, the proposed solvent finding technique relies on a chemical structure similarity between the solvent and the extracted material without depending on a solvent database. Two new processes of benzene, toluene, and xylenes separation from naphtha reformate and propene/propane separation are compiled with the newly developed solvents for the performance examination. The simulation of the proposed extractive distillation processes demonstrates a significant performance improvement in energy saving and investment cost over conventional processes.     

拟稳态模型用于间歇萃取精馏的数值模拟

Batch extractive distillation (BED) is a special method used in the distillation process by adding a solvent into the batch distillation column to alter the relative volatility of the components and improve the separation. A comprehensive design and simulation method is required due to the complexity of BED. In this study, a quasi-steady-state model for BED is proposed, the derivation and solution of the model are presented. This shortcut model can be used to simulate the composition and temperature of the reboiler, the top and other plates of the column in a batch extractive distillation operation. The calculated values are in good agreement with the experi-mental data. The results show that the quasi-steady-state model is a practical method because of some advantages such as high precision and fast calculation.     

加盐萃取精馏法制无水异丙醇过程模拟

对加盐萃取精馏法制备无水异丙醇过程进行了模拟计算,采用有序双液程(NRTL)模型对异丙醇-水-乙二醇-醋酸钾体系异丙醇-水气液平衡数据进行了回归,得到了该条件下的NRTL交互作用参数,在此基础上采用Aspen软件进行模拟计算;对理论塔板数、回流比(质量比)与进料位置进行了优化,模拟结果与现场数据吻合较好,说明采用的方法适用于加盐萃取精馏过程的模拟。     

带有中间贮罐间歇萃取精馏实验研究

使用一个带有中间贮罐的间歇萃取精馏实验装置,以能形成最低共沸物的乙酸乙酯-乙醇体系为分离对象,选用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)为萃取剂,实验研究了中间贮罐持液量、中间贮罐持液温度、萃取剂加入速率等操作参数对分离过程的影响。实验结果表明:随着萃取剂流率的增加,中间贮罐持液量也相应增加,组分更易于分离;随着中间贮罐持液量的增加,中间贮罐持液温度也相应升高,且存在最佳分离持液温度;萃取剂流率对分离结果的影响最大,中间贮罐持液温度对分离结果的影响次之,中间贮罐持液量对分离结果的影响最小。     

萃取精馏萃取剂的一种实验筛选方法

介绍了萃取精馏萃取剂的一种实验筛选方法，汽液平衡仪直接法。并对水一醋酸体系进行了实验，实验结果证明该方法是可行的，可以有效地对萃取精馏的萃取剂进行实验筛选。     

粗苯萃取精制新工艺的开发应用

对现有粗苯精制工艺技术进行了比较,提出了一种全新的环保型粗苯萃取精制工艺。粗苯萃取精制工艺主要包括：1）预处理系统;2）苯精制与噻吩回收精制系统;3）甲苯、二甲苯精制系统;4）废水处理系统。该工艺的实施,不仅可以得到合格的三苯产品,而且可以回收价格昂贵的化工原料——纯度≥99%的噻吩。     

带有中间储罐的间歇萃取精馏的模拟研究

本文提出了带有中间储罐塔间歇萃取精馏过程计算模型,将中间罐看成一块理论板,萃取剂看成第三组份进行建模,利用调节因子和泡点法相结合对整个塔进行迭代计算,经实例模拟表明,本模型只需较简单的赋初值,能以较快的速度收敛,本模型对带有中间储罐间歇萃取精馏操作及模拟具有一定的指导作用。     

Data-driven integrated design of solvents and extractive distillation processes

As property and process models with many variables need to be considered, integrated computer-aided molecular and process design (CAMPD) problems are computationally expensive. An efficient CAMPD approach is proposed for the simultaneous design of solvents and extractive distillation (ED) processes based on a data-driven modeling strategy. First, artificial neural network (ANN)-based process models are trained to replace the physical models conventionally used in CAMPD. Subsequently, optimization is performed to maximize process performance, through which optimal solvent properties and corresponding optimal process parameters are obtained. Then, real solvents approximating the optimal property values are identified from a large solvent database. Rigorous simulations of the ED process are performed to evaluate the performance of the optimal solvents and corresponding process parameters. Further economic evaluation (6.11% lower annual cost compared to the benchmark process) and chemical hazard assessment confirm that acetylacetone is a promising solvent for the ED separation of 1-butene from 1,3-butadiene.