碳化硅陶瓷水基浆料的流变性研究

主要研究了分散剂、pH、颗粒级配等因素对SiC水基浆料流变性能的影响,并分析了其原因。结果表明,各分散剂对SiC浆料粘度影响效果的大小顺序依次为:四甲基氢氧化铵(TMAH)>六偏磷酸钠(SHMP)>聚乙二醇(PEG)。TMAH、SHMP、PEG三种分散剂的最佳用量分别为0.8wt.%、0.6wt.%、1.0wt.%,最佳pH为13,最佳颗粒级配(F220/F1200,下同)为1.5,当固相体积分数超过50%后SiC浆料的粘度急剧增加。通过优化工艺参数,制备出了流动性较好,固相体积分数为50%、粘度为500mPa.s的SiC陶瓷浆料。     

苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物表面改性SiC浆料的流变性研究

利通过自由基聚合反应,合成了含有苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物的改性剂。通过表面改性将上述改性剂接枝在粉体表面,研究了不同因素对改性SiC浆料流变特性的影响。结果表明,表面改性使SiC浆料的粘度显著降低,且浆料呈现出近似Newton流体行为。通过控制影响改性SiC浆料流变性的因素,在改性剂中WD-20与SMA配比为1∶1,改性剂用量质量分数为1%,pH=9,加入分散剂TMAH的质量分数为0.6%的条件下,成功地制备出了固相体积分数为58%,粘度低于1Pa·s的SiC陶瓷浆料。     

碳化硅浓悬浮体的分散特性和流变性研究

通过对碳化硅粉体在有机单体介质中的Zeta电位，分散剂用量和浓悬浮体的粘度等的测试及其沉降试验，详细研究了粒径分布较宽的碳化硅粉体（0.2-250μm)的胶体分散特性，沉降行为以及浓悬浮体的流变行为。结果表明，选用适量的分散剂四甲基氢氧化铵可使SiC颗粒的Zeta电位绝对值提高近20mV，调整浆料pH至11．9附近可制备出固相体积分数高达70％的SiC浓悬浮体。该浓悬浮体中粗细SiC颗粒间能达到一稳定的分数，悬浮粒子不会产生明显地沉降，其流变行为符合Quemada模型。     

凝胶浇注成型制备zrO2增韧Al2O3泡沫陶瓷的研究

探讨了采用明胶作胶凝剂,通过凝胶注模工艺制备ZrO2增韧Al2O3（ZTA）泡沫陶瓷的可行性。研究了浆料pH值、分散剂四甲基氢氧化铵（TMAH）和明胶加入量、固含量等对浆料流变性能的影响。结果表明,在pH=10～11时,浆料粘度较低,TMAH的加入可显著降低浆料粘度。固含量为50～56vol％时,为使浆料具有好的稳定性和流动性,同时保证明胶的成胶性能,TMAH和明胶的加入量应分别控制在25～50％和4．1～5．7％。制备的泡沫陶瓷由相互贯通的球形的孔室构成,其孔径分布取决于泡沫体孔隙率。     

表面处理对碳化硅浆料流变性的影响

本文通过对SiC粉体洗涤、表面氧化和聚乙二醇(PEG)包覆等处理后制得的SiC浆料的zeta电位和粘度的测试,研究了表面处理对SiC粉体流变性能的影响.研究表明:通过用酸碱洗涤过后再经过在780℃氧化处理或经PEG包覆所得的SiC粉体,都可以使其浆料的zeta电位的等电点向酸性方向偏移,从而使在pH值为11.8时的电位差大幅度增加,改善了浆料的流变性能.而且用PEG包覆过的SiC粉体浆料的电位差增幅达20左右,使其流变性改善的效果更佳.     

氧化锆水悬浮液的分散

通过考察多元共聚物分散剂对氧化锆zeta电位和浆料流变性的影响,研究了氧化锆浓悬浮液的分散性.结果表明: 多元共聚物分散剂的加入增加了氧化锆zeta电位的绝对值,等电点移至2.4以下.随分数剂加入量的增加,悬浮液的流变性出现复杂的情况:低剪切速率下(100s-1以下),悬浮液粘度略微增加;高剪切速率下(100s-1以上),悬浮液的粘度明显降低;4种分散剂中,二元共聚物分散的氧化锆浆料流动性最好,加入质量分数为0.14%,pH值为9.6左右.并制备了体积分数54%的氧化锆浆料,粘度为0.91Pa·s(100s-1).     

SiC浆料流变性能研究

通过对ζ电位和粘度的测量,研究了PH值、粒度分布、分散剂及纯度对浆料流变性的影响。结果表明,SiC浆料的等电点在4.3左右,在等电点附近,浆料易发生聚沉。分散剂B及提纯处理工艺显著的改善了浆料的流变性能。     

苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物表面改性SiC浆料的流变性研究

通过自由基聚合反应,合成了含有苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物的改性剂.通过表面改性将上述改性剂接枝在粉体表面,研究了不同因素对改性SiC浆料流变特性的影响.结果表明,表面改性使SiC浆料的粘度显著降低,且浆料呈现出近似Newton流体行为.通过控制影响改性SiC浆料流变性的因素,在改性剂中WD-20与SMA配比为1:1,改性剂用量为1、wt%,pH=9,加入分散剂TMAH的量为0.6wt%的条件下,成功地制备出了固相含量为58vol%,粘度低于1Pa·s的SiC陶瓷浆料.     

分散剂用量对钛酸锶钡水基浆料稳定性的影响

使用聚甲基丙烯酸铵(ammonium polymethacrylate,PMAA-NH4)作为分散剂,研究了不同pH值条件下分散剂用量对钛酸锶钡(Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3)水基浆料稳定性的影响,并分析了其影响机理.结果表明:PMAA-NH4的加入能够显著提高Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3粉体的zeta电位,在加入量(质量分数,下同)为0.4%时,zeta电位为负值,达到最小,从而提高了Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3水基浆料稳定性.在pH值小于8时,会发生Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3料浆中的Ba2 和Sr2 离子溶出;pH值大于8时,Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3粉体的zeta电位随PMAA-NH4的加入量的增加而增大.在pH值为8～9,PMAA-NH4的加入量为0.4%时,实现Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3粉体对PMAA-NH4的饱和吸附,此时浆料的稳定性最好.     

Y2O3浆料流变性的研究

采用注凝成型技术研究了Y2O3浆料的流变性能.研究发现,浆料的粘度与分散剂的加入量有密切关系.分散剂加入量为5%～8%(质量分数),固体含量为60%(体积分数),球磨时间控制在20～26 h时,浆料粘度为0.4～0.6Pa·s,达到最佳分散状态.     

Dispersion and rheological properties of concentrated silicon aqueous suspension

This work focuses on the optimization of the rheological properties of silicon suspensions by changing the concentration of a dispersant and the pH value of the dispersing medium. The zeta potential and rheological properties of silicon suspensions as a function of tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide (TMAH) concentration were carried out. The results show that the isoelectric point of the silicon particles was at pH 1.6. A silicon suspension with 46 vol.% particles displayed a minimum viscosity at pH 9.6. The results also show that TMAH is an efficient dispersant by enhancing the absolute value of the zeta potential of silicon particles. The optimum dosage of the dispersant was 0.4 wt.% of silicon particles.     

Electrostatic and electrosteric stabilization of aqueous suspensions of barite nanoparticles

Electrostatic and electrosteric stabilization of aqueous suspensions of barite nanoparticles were investigated. The state of dispersion was evaluated in terms of zeta potential, apparent viscosity and the mean particle size of solid phase in the solution. Zeta potential, apparent viscosity and the mean particle size as a function of pH were performed in absence of dispersant. The result showed that electrostatic stabilization of the aqueous suspension of barite nanoparticles can be accomplished in low acidic and high basic range of pH. In presence of sodium polyacrylate (PAA-Na) dispersant, the isoelectric point (IEP) of the barite nanoparticles was shifted to lower pH and the negative zeta potential was increased in a large range of pH above the (IEP). The optimum amount of PAA-Na dispersant is discussed in the light of zeta potential and viscosity. It is found that the adsorption of PAA is correlated to the net surface charge of the barite nanoparticles and the fraction of dissociated polymer at pH 4, 8.5 and 10. At pH 4, the state of dispersion was achieved at higher amount of electrolyte due to the low fraction of negatively charged dissociated polymer and the positively charge particles. At basic pH, the fraction of dissociated polymer was high and the surface charge of particle was highly negative, therefore, the lowest viscosity was obtained at a small amount of PAA. In addition, the optimum amount of polymer decreased with the increase in pH of the suspension.     

Effects of dispersant concentration and pH on properties of lead zirconate titanate aqueous suspension

Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) aqueous suspensions were prepared at 60 wt.% solids loading using a commercial ammonium polyacrylate (APA) dispersant. Effects of the dispersant concentration on rheological behavior, dispersion and stability of PZT aqueous suspensions were investigated by means of zeta potential, viscosity and sedimentation height measurements. The results showed that, under suitable conditions, APA dispersant promoted particle dispersion and stabilization in PZT aqueous suspensions. For 60 wt.% solids loading suspensions, the dispersant concentration yielding the lowest viscosity was 0.5 wt.% based on PZT powder dried weight basis. Effects of pH on particle dispersion in the suspensions prepared with APA were studied by laser light scattering technique and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed an improvement in particle dispersion for the alkaline condition, which led to relatively low viscosity and highly stable suspension. Possible particle stabilization mechanisms at various pHs were discussed based on dissociation of the dispersant in water, polymer conformation and adsorption behavior of the dispersant on the particle surface.     

Preparation of high solid loading,low viscosity ZrB2–SiC aqueous suspensions using PEI as dispersant

PEI was used as dispersant for ZrB₂ and SiC powders in water. The dispersion behavior of ZrB₂ and SiC in water was studied by zeta potential measurements, particle size distribution measurements and interparticle interaction calculations. Well-dispersed ZrB₂ and SiC aqueous suspensions were obtained using 0.6 wt% PEI at pH 6. The rheological behavior of ZrB₂–SiC aqueous suspensions was also investigated. Finally, a high solid loading (52 vol%), low viscosity (980 mPa s at 100 s⁻¹) ZrB₂–SiC aqueous suspension was successfully prepared.     

pH值对包覆改性SiC料浆分散特性和流变性的影响

通过zeta电位、沉降实验、流变特性、粘度等测试表征pH值对包覆改性SiC料浆分散特性和流变性的影响。研究表明:以偶联剂作为基础层,有机聚电解质作为分散功能层的有机包覆改性SiC粉体主要通过静电空间位阻效应实现稳定分散,调节pH值可以控制接枝聚合物水解产物的解离方式,从而改变了颗粒表面的电荷种类和电荷密度,包覆改性粉体的流动特性也发生变化。调整料浆pH值约11可制备出固相体积分数达56％、表观粘度为568 MPa·s的稳定料浆。     

Surface modification of superfine SiC powders by ternary modifiers-KH560/sodium humate/SDS and its mechanism

SiC is a promising functional ceramic material with many great properties. High concentrated SiC slurry with excellent rheology and stability is required in some processes of ceramic forming. In this work, the dispersion of SiC powders was obviously improved by ternary modifiers: γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy) propytrimethoxysilane (KH560), sodium humate and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Modified SiC slurry showed the lowest viscosity of 0.168 Pa s at a solid content of 50 vol%. The maximum absolute value of zeta potential of SiC increased from 47.3 to 61.6 mV by modification. Sedimentation experiments showed that a highly stable suspension of modified SiC was obtained at pH 10. SiC green body with high density of 2.643 g/cm³ was prepared with modified powders by slip casting. X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) and thermogravimetry (TG) measurements indicated the adsorption of modifiers on SiC surface. Therefore, modified SiC powders could stably disperse in aqueous media due to the increase of electrosteric repulsion between particles. The novel strategy used in this study could further improve the dispersion of SiC powders.     

Influence of a few important parameters on the rheological behaviour of silicon carbide nanoparticles dispersed aqueous suspension

In this study, investigations have been carried out on the effect of a few important parameters such as molecular weight and concentration of dispersant (polyethyleneimine) as well as that of pH on the rheological behaviour of aqueous suspension comprising silicon carbide (SiC) nanoparticles. In addition to this, the effect of particle size and addition of finer SiC particles on the rheological behaviour of SiC suspension have been examined. It is observed that viscosity of suspension increases with the increase in molecular weight of dispersant and decreases as the concentration of dispersant increases. Further, it is noticed that viscosity of the suspension progressively increases below the pH ≈?7.6 and above the pH ≈?9.3, indicating that minimum viscosity i.e. maximum stabilization of suspension is obtained within the pH range of ≈ 7.6–9.3. It has been observed that variation of SiC particle size from submicrometer to nanometer range and addition of nanometric SiC powder in SiC suspension containing coarser particles increase the viscosity significantly.     

YAG ceramic processed by slip casting via aqueous slurries

Stable YAG (Y₃Al₅O₁₂) aqueous slurry with ammonium polyacrylate (NH₄PAA) polyelectrolytes as dispersant was prepared by ball mill method. The effects of polyelectrolyte concentration and pH value on the stability of the suspension is described here, and the stability maps are constructed at different pH value and polymer concentration. The rheological behavior of YAG slips of different solid loading (60–70%) has been studied by measuring their viscosity and shear stress as a function of shear rate and pH of the slurry. An optimal amount of dispersant and pH value for the suspension was found. YAG suspension displays a maximum in zeta potential values and a minimum viscosity in pH range of 9–11. Slips behaved as near Newtonian at the pH value up to a solid loading of 60 wt% and as non-Newtonian with thixotropic behaviors above this solid loading value. The density and the green as well as sintered microstructure of the cast products bear a direct relationship to the state of this slips induced by the alternation in the pH and the concentration of the dispersant as well as solid loading.     

Dispersion and densification of nano Si–(Al)–C powder with amorphous/nanocrystalline bimodal microstructure

The dispersion behavior and densification of nano Si–(Al)–C powder with amorphous/nanocrystalline bimodal microstructure were investigated. The Si–C powders synthesized by a mechanical alloying (MA) process had a near‐spherical shape with an average particle size of 170 nm. A solid loading of 62 vol% was achieved using polyethyleneimine (PEI) as a dispersant. The optimum dispersant amount was 1 wt% based on zeta potential, sedimentation, and viscosity analysis data. The high zeta potential value (73 mV) compared with that of the commercially available SiC (65 mV) was caused by modified surface properties and consequent promotion of the cationic dispersant adsorption. A Si–Al–C slurry containing 6.5 wt% of sintering additives with a solid loading of 60 vol% was also prepared. The relative density of the dried Si–Al–C slurry was 63.3% without additional compaction, which could be densified at 1650°C at a pressure of 20 MPa using a spark plasma sintering furnace.