需求和回收扰动的闭环供应链定价和协调

为实现干扰事件下闭环供应链成员间的协调应对,考虑需求为价格的线性函数的条件下,研究由单个制造商和单个零售商组成的闭环供应链系统.当干扰事件引起市场规模、再制造成本、回收价格敏感系数同时发生扰动时,构建了一个两级闭环供应链博弈模型.分别研究了在集中和分散化决策下闭环供应链的最优决策.研究表明,原有的数量折扣契约对原有稳定情形具有一定的鲁棒性,但干扰事件发生后,尤其当回收敏感系数扰动超过规定范围时,应调整生产计划并采用新的数量折扣契约,从而达到闭环供应链的协调.通过算例验证了相关结论的有效性.     

价格随机的应急数量折扣契约三级供应链协调

当突发事件造成市场需求发生大幅波动、市场价格也随着市场供求关系的变化而随机波动时,寻找采用数量折扣契约实现三级供应链协调的最优决策。建立应对随机价格条件下突发事件的数量折扣契约模型。通过分析该模型可知,无论暴发何种突发事件,基准的数量折扣契约下的三级供应链均无法实现协调;对批发价进行适当调整后的数量折扣契约能协调应对突发事件。给出了应对随机价格条件下突发事件的供应链订货与定价最优策略,并与应对稳定价格条件下突发事件和无突发事件两种情景的相关内容进行了比较。通过算例对该策略进行了验证。     

两零售商竞争的闭环供应链应对突发事件

针对一个制造商和两个竞争零售商组成的闭环供应链在突发事件下的最优决策问题,提出一种基于"收益共享—费用共担"契约的应对策略和协调机制。在稳定的市场条件下验证了"收益共享—费用共担"契约能够实现闭环供应链的协调。当突发事件导致市场规模和再制造成本同时发生扰动时,通过建立和求解扰动环境下的博弈模型,提出闭环供应链在集中化决策时应对突发事件的最优策略,并进一步验证了调整后的"收益共享—费用共担"契约对协调突发事件下分散化决策闭环供应链的协调作用。通过数值分析验证了模型的有效性。     

基于RFID技术的供应链投资决策及协调

为探讨—对多供应链企业投资无线射频识别技术决策问题,以单生产商和两零售商组成的两级供应链为研究对象,考虑零售店内商品错放对最优订货量的影响,采用逻辑证明和数值分析的方法,分别建立了分散式决策和集中式决策供应链的收益模型,剖析了商品错放率对链上成员定价的影响。分析了无线射频识别技术消除商品错放对供应链收益的影响,结果表明分散式和集中式供应链可承担的无线射频识别标签的单位成本阈值相同。进一步设计了数量折扣—两部定价契约,实现了分散式决策供应链投资无线射频识别技术的协调,并发现单独的数量折扣合同不能实现供应链的协调。通过算例验证了结论。     

零售商公平关切下闭环供应链定价与协调机制

将公平关切因素考虑到闭环供应链决策中,研究了制造商考虑零售商公平关切与不考虑零售商公平关切的闭环供应链定价决策问题,研究表明:考虑零售商的公平关切情形时,零售商公平关切的程度越高,其利润就越高,制造商的利润就越低,但再制造品价格与销量及闭环供应链系统的利润不受关切程度影响;制造商忽视零售商的公平偏好时会导致再制造品的价格上涨、销量下降、供应链成员企业与系统利润减少,且新产品的价格及销量对零售商的公平关切更加敏感,说明制造商忽视零售商的公平偏好条件下闭环供应链的再制造品价格受内部公平偏好干扰性小。采用数量折扣契约对制造商考虑零售商公平关切情形下的供应链进行协调,实现了双方的Pareto改进。     

基于顾客策略行为的供货水平与供应链绩效

基于顾客策略行为,考虑报贩模型和分散式供应链模型.通过分析销售商与顾客的理性预期均衡,研究了批发价格契约、数量折扣契约和两部定价契约下的供货水平和供应链绩效.研究结果表明:两部定价契约能提升供应链利润,高利润同时伴随着高供货水平,而批发价格契约或数量折扣契约下的供应链绩效则小于一体化供应链绩效.由于顾客策略行为的存在,生产商应该把两部定价契约中的批发价设定在低于生产商边际生产成本,以增大供应链的供货水平,从而提高供应链利润.     

基于RFID技术的闭环供应链投资决策及协调策略

为了有效改善供应链的运作绩效,针对由一个制造商和一个负责回收的分销商组成的闭环供应链系统,探讨了是否投资RFID技术的决策问题。考虑误回收率对废旧产品回收数量的影响,构建了分散式闭环供应链的收益模型,分析了新产品和再制造产品的定价策略,以及误回收率的允许范围。在此基础上,引入RFID技术消除误回收率,分析了采纳RFID技术对闭环供应链及其成员收益的影响,以及RFID标签的单位成本阈值。进一步设计了基于非对称Nash协商的两部定价契约,对分散式闭环供应链投资RFID技术进行协调。最后通过算例验证了相关结论。     

生产成本和需求同时扰动下供应链的协调

为提高供应链的运作效率,在市场需求为零售价格的线性函数假设下,考虑一个由单供应商单零售商组成的两级供应链,当干扰事件造成生产成本、市场规模和价格敏感系数同时扰动时,构建了一个两级供应链的博弈模型.研究了在集中化决策下供应链的最优应对措施,以及分散化决策下当供应商为Stackelberg博弈主导者情形时的供应链的协调机制.研究结果表明,在稳定情形时供应链制定的生产计划有一定的鲁棒性,但当扰动超过一定的范围时,供应链应该调整生产计划并设计新的契约才能达到协调.通过算例验证了相关结论.     

数量折扣激励下考虑缺货的改良品供应链协调

考虑在一个供应商和一个零售商组成的二级改良品供应链中,采用批量对批量的供应模式,允许零售商缺货且缺货量全部拖后,比较了分散决策与集中决策下的供应链最优订购策略,结果表明:集中决策下的改良品供应链单位时间总成本明显比分散决策时低,但会导致零售商的单位时间总成本增加。为补偿集中决策下零售商的成本损失,采用数量折扣策略对供应链进行协调,建立数量折扣模型并求解最优数量折扣合同。通过数值算例验证了最优数量折扣合同能同时实现零售商和供应链的单位时间总成本最小化。通过与已有文献的研究结果对比可知,若供应商提供最优数量折扣合同,则允许缺货时的改良品供应链获得比不允许缺货时更低的单位时间总成本。敏感性分析结果表明,改良品供应链的单位时间总成本与改良率呈负相关关系,与单位缺货成本呈正相关关系。     

考虑社会责任的闭环供应链决策与协调

为研究社会责任承担对闭环供应链决策和盈利性的影响,进而协调考虑社会责任承担的闭环供应链,构建了由单一制造商和单一零售商组成的闭环供应链,分别在集中决策和制造商作为Stackelberg博弈领导者的分散决策模式下研究了闭环供应链的定价、社会责任承担水平和回收率决策,进一步分析了社会责任承担效应对决策变量和利润的影响,探讨了两部定价契约和收入共享契约对分散决策下闭环供应链的协调作用,并通过算例进行论证。研究表明:与集中决策相比,分散决策存在利润损失,零售价、社会责任承担水平、回收率和供应链利润均与社会责任承担效应正相关,两部定价契约和收入共享契约均可实现闭环供应链的协调,而收入共享契约的灵活性更强。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.