图像质量评价的建模与仿真研究

研究图像质量准确评价问题,图像采集、压缩传输中会出现畸变,使图像模糊,传统评价方法难以从对这些特征进行正确区分,导致图像质量评价准确率低。为提高图像质量评价准确率,提出一种采用最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM)的图像质量评价方法。首先采用PSNR和SSIM分别对图像质量进行评价,得到的评价值作为描述图像质量的参数,然后输入到LSS-VM进行学习,建立新的图像质量分类器,采用建立的分类器对图像质量进行仿真评价。仿真结果表明,相对于单一的图像质量评价方法,提高了图像质量评价的准确率,评价结果与视觉感知评估值更加一致。     

基于SVM和PSO的图像质量评价

为提高白噪声、高斯模糊、JPEG2000压缩等失真类型图像的评价准确率,提出一种基于支持向量机和粒子群优化算法的图像质量评价方法。提取样本图像数据和确定评价指标,对样本数据进行预处理。利用粒子群优化算法选择最优参数,使用最优参数对训练集数据进行训练,对预测集数据进行预测分析,并建立图像质量评价模型。实验结果表明,与线性回归模型、BP神经网络模型等传统方法相比,该方法的评价准确率较高,能够准确地反映人眼对图像的视觉感知。     

基于角点特征检测的视频图像质量评价方法

为对视频会议系统中图像的降质程度进行有效评估,提出一种基于角点特征检测的视频图像质量评价方法。模拟测试图像在真实环境下的降质情况,生成仿真图像。计算两者的二值边缘轮廓曲率,获得不同检测参数下的角点检测数,寻找用于真实环境的最佳测试图像和角点检测参数。根据角点检测数将图像质量分成若干个等级,并依此判别图像质量的好坏。Matlab 仿真实验结果表明,该方法得到的结果与主观评价结果一致,能正确评价图像质量。     

基于梯度方向信息的医学图像质量评价方法研究

研究医学图像质量的评价方法,提高评价方法的可靠性。医学图像是由计算机使用数学方法重建得到的,其独特的成像特点对图像质量评价的要求很高。由于在图像成像过程中不可避免会受到噪声等影响,使得图像存在不均匀或失真等,传统的医学图像质量评价方法只是采用信噪比对图像的质量进行评价,对失真图像评价的可靠性不高。为提高评价方法的可靠性,提出基于梯度方向信息的医学图像质量评价方法。它不仅考虑图像信噪比,而且结合像素点间的相关性和人类视觉感知特性,计算出梯度方向信息作为评价指标,能够避免传统方法对失真图像评价可靠性不高的问题。实验表明,这种方法能够真实反映图像的视觉感知质量,具有较高的评价可靠性。     

模糊失真图像无参考质量评价综述EI北大核心CSCD

图像的模糊问题影响人们对信息的感知、获取及图像的后续处理.无参考模糊图像质量评价是该问题的主要研究方向之一.本文分析了近20年来无参考模糊图像质量评价相关技术的发展.首先,本文结合主要数据集对图像模糊失真进行分类说明;其次,对主要的无参考模糊图像质量评价方法进行分类介绍与详细分析;随后,介绍了用来比较无参考模糊图像质量评价方法性能优劣的主要评价指标;接着,选择典型数据集及评价指标,并采用常见的无参考模糊图像质量评价方法进行性能比较;最后,对无参考模糊图像质量评价的相关技术及发展趋势进行总结与展望.     

监控视频下的人脸图像质量分析技术

监控场景下人脸图像质量分析技术的研究具有重要意义.由于监控视频采集到人脸模糊、头部角度不正、被其他物体遮挡等的低质量图像进入识别系统会造成识别准确率下降.为了解决上述问题,通过实验,研究了监控场景下影响图像质量的两个重要因素:人脸角度、图像清晰度.设计了基于聚类的人脸图像质量分析算法,提出了人脸图像质量分数的计算公式,实验表明该技术能够有效过滤监控视频下采集到的低质量图像,进而提高人脸识别系统的准确率.     

基于深度学习的无参考图像质量评价综述

图像质量评价是图像处理、图像/视频编码等领域的基础性问题,用于评估图像的失真程度,被广泛应用于算法设计与分析、系统性能评估等方面.无参考图像质量评价(又称为盲图像质量评价)是一种重要的客观质量评价方法.因为无须原始的参考图像,因此具有广泛的应用前景.近年来,随着深度学习技术的不断发展,人们提出了多种基于深度学习的无参考...     

主动特征学习及其在盲图像质量评价中的应用

盲图像质量评价是指在没有原始图像信息的情况下,预测给定图像的视觉感知质量.迄今为止,基于无监督特征学习的盲图像质量评价方法取得了较好的性能,但其质量预测精度随特征维度的降低而显著下降.为了克服这一缺陷,作者将主动学习策略与无监督特征学习相结合,提出了一种主动特征学习框架,以提高图像特征表示的判别性,并利用所学特征进行质量预测.实验表明,在特征维度较低时,与基于无监督特征学习的方法相比,文中方法在图像质量预测精度上提高了8%.同时,文中方法的性能也优于现有的其他盲图像质量评价方法.     

多特征融合的图像质量评价方法

为了规避图像质量评价中的视觉特征和池化策略难以选取和解释的问题,在提取参考图像和失真图像的多种底层特征的基础上,采用机器学习的方法自动预测真实图像质量,提出多特征融合的图像质量评价方法.针对参考图像和失真图像分别提取相位一致性、梯度、视觉显著性、对比度特征,计算4种特征的相似度图,提取相似度图的均值和方差特征,最后采用支持向量回归评价文中方法.在LIVE、CSIQ、TID2008和TID2013图像库上的实验表明,文中方法的主客观一致性较好.     

基于条件生成对抗网络的图像翻译综述

图像翻译旨在实现多组不同领域图像间的转换,同时需要约束样本空间与目标空间分布的一致性.文章旨在寻找条件生成对抗网络与图像翻译问题的结合点,首先,介绍了数据集的特点,指出了不同数据集图像翻译难易程度;其次,从数学表达、性质以及目标函数设计方法得出算法实现的不同方式;将现有图像翻译分成3种类别——匹配图像翻译、非匹配图像翻译和多领域图像翻译,并得出不同应用场景所对应的图像翻译类别,即高清任务对应匹配图像翻译,低成本任务对应非匹配图像翻译,多样化任务对应多领域图像翻译;将图像质量评价方法分为主观图像质量评价与客观图像质量评价,并分析客观图像质量评价中全参考图像与无参考图像质量评价的适用范围;最后,总结条件生成对抗网络在图像翻译中的进展,并分析算法后指出了模式崩塌,模型可解释性和少样本等未来所需解决的问题.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.