(5,3)整数小波正变换的FPGA实现研究

小波变换的应用越来越广泛,但其需要大量的计算,因此小波变换的硬件实现则成为小波实时应用研究的一个基础而关键的问题.本文阐述了一种（5,3）整数小波正变换的FPGA实现设计,包括（5,3）整数小波变换算法,该算法正变换的FPGA实现结构,以及有关VHDL程序的时序仿真和逻辑综合结果.本设计通过数据的移位运算简单而快速地实现了数据的乘除运算及取整操作,通过各种数据寄存或锁存实现了处理数据的缓冲和小渡变换的并行和流水线处理,通过设计多级的控制状态机实现了小波变换的复杂时序控制.实验结果表明,整个系统处理快捷,节省内存,能对任意尺寸图像进行小波变换,同时可实现了小波的多级变换.本设计可移植于各种用FPGA实现的小波变换图像处理硬件系统中,也可与其它IP核构成SOPC系统.     

(5,3)整数小波反变换的FPGA实现研究

小波变换的应用越来越广泛,但其需要大量的计算,因此小波变换的硬件实现则成为小波实时应用研究的一个基础而关键的问题。本文在介绍(5,3)整数小波变换算法的基础上,阐述了一种(5,3)整数小波反变换的FPGA实现设计,包括系统结构设计,VHDL程序设计及有关时序仿真和逻辑综合结果。本设计通过数据的移位运算简单而快速地实现了数据的乘除运算及取整操作,通过各种数据寄存或锁存实现了处理数据的缓冲和小波反变换的并行和流水线处理,通过设计多级的控制状态机实现了小波反变换的复杂时序控制。实验结果表明,整个系统处理快捷,节省内存,能对任意尺寸(5,3)小波正变换数据进行小波反变换数据重构,同时可实现多级小波反变换。本设计可移植于各种用FPGA实现的小波变换图像处理硬件系统中,也可与其它IP核构成SOPC系统.     

提升小波变换的数据并行计算方法研究

研究了基于SIMD PE阵列对G级像素帧进行9/7提升小波变换的数据并行计算实现方法.首先,在分析9/7提升小波变换运算公式的局部计算特点的基础上,提出了 PE状态标识法和基于PE标识的条件计算方法;其次,提出了SIMD PE阵列的虚拟化实现方法.研究表明,该方法提高了计算的并行度和规则性,并行度仅受限于阵列的规模且具...     

提升小波的FPGA实现

小波变换在图像压缩领域正在取代离散余弦变换.提升小波是离散小波变换的一种实现方案,它具有运算量小、可原位计算的特点.本文在FPGA中实现了一级二维提升小波变换,弥补采用DSP实现小波变换对存储空间的需求.仿真表明其所耗资源较少,其硬件结果与MATLAB软件结果基本一致.     

基于提升的二维离散小波变换优化算法与DSP实现

二维离散小波变换是小波处理图像的关键算法。随着人们对多媒体信息需求的日益增长，处理速度正变得越来越重要，传统的先行后列式的二维离散小波变换计算方法具有变换速度慢，不能充分利用硬件设备的缺点。讨论了一种基于小波提升算法的、行列并行的二维离散小波变换改进算法，该算法具有运算速度快、占用内存少的特点，特别适用于嵌入式系统的需求。同时，基于TMS320C6000 DSP平台讨论了它的软件实现方法，经比较可比传统计算方法提高效率20％左右。     

基于提升的二维离散小波变换优化算法与DSP实现

二维离散小波变换是小波处理图像的关键算法。随着人们对多媒体信息需求的日益增长,处理速度正变得越来越重要,传统的先行后列式的二维离散小波变换计算方法具有变换速度慢,不能充分利用硬件设备的缺点。讨论了一种基于小波提升算法的、行列并行的二维离散小波变换改进算法,该算法具有运算速度快、占用内存少的特点,特别适用于嵌入式系统的需求。同时,基于TMS320C6000 DSP平台讨论了它的软件实现方法,经比较可比传统计算方法提高效率20%左右。     

微型无人机5/3提升小波改进算法FPGA设计

数字图像无线传输是微型无人机完成特殊侦察任务的重要组成部分.针对微型无人机的特点及其对数字图像压缩的实时性要求,重点提出了一种提取图像重要信息的内嵌延拓5/3提升小渡改进算法,且基于该改进算法设计了一种二维数字图像小波变换的硬件结构并进行仿真实验分析.结果表明,该结构算法简单、占硬件资源少、硬件利用率高;与传统小波变换相比有效地缩短了运算时间、提高了变换速度,基本满足微型无人机对数字图像传输的实时性要求.     

一种基于可逆小波变换的盲数字水印算法

本文简要介绍了可逆小波变换的构造方法，并提出一种新的基于可逆整数小波变换的盲数字水印算法。水印的嵌入与提取都在密钥控制之下，水印的检测不需要原图的参与，从而实现盲水印。该算法运算复杂度低，不需要传统小波变换的边界延拓；大部分运算为整数运算，可同址运算，易于硬件实现。实验证明，该算法对JPEG压缩、去噪声、裁剪、对比度调节、明暗度调节、滤波等图像操作具有较强的鲁棒性。     

JPEG2000 T2基于硬件实现的优化编码

本文对JPEG2000中的T2编码器的率失真优化算法进行了深入的分析,提出一种易于硬件实现T2编码器快速编码算法.通过修改率失真斜率估计的计算复杂度,简化其二分查找算法等其它基于硬件的优化,降低了T2编码器硬件实现所需要的资源,同时也简化了硬件设计的复杂度,可提高硬件设计的并行度.通过软件模拟证明,图像质量下降很小,输出码流格式仍符合JPEG2000标准格式,已通过了FPGA的验证.     

基于IB-IWT实时图像压缩的FPGA设计与实现

针对内插双正交整数小波变换（IB-IWT）的实时图像压缩特点,提出了一种FPGA设计方案．首先通过分析IB-IWT算法的特点,给出了适合硬件实现的实时图像压缩方案．然后选取高端FPGA作为硬件处理平台,对图像压缩的小波变换、小波系数编码及其小波变换的边界处理和有限字长效应等关键技术进行了研究,提出了适合于FPGA的53小波变换的快速实现方法及其小波系数的编码方法．最后,利用FPGA对图像进行了压缩．该设计方案整合标志位图思想和并行SPIHT算法结构的优势,充分利用了FPGA内部的丰富资源．实验结果表明,该方案以其低计算复杂度、低内存需求量和高实时处理速度等特点成为实时压缩算法硬件实现的优选方案．     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.