气动光学效应的数值模拟与预测

介绍了超音速飞行器的气动光学效应 ,并讨论用数值模拟来研究和预测气动光学效应的方法。     

基于MCNP的X光机模拟及足跟效应修正

为修正X射线管的足跟效应,根据常用的X射线管参数,基于MCNP建立了X光机仿真模型,模仿光机成像系统增感屏,建立了169个像素的探测器阵列,并利用该阵列探究了X射线管的足跟效应现象,采用多项式拟合分段修正的方法设计了足跟效应过滤片HEF,对足跟效应照度过高的区域进行匀整修正。通过平面过滤片与HEF的通量分布对比,发现HEF成功地将阴阳极轴线方向-12°至19°的范围修正到无过滤片时强度的60%,该区域通量的最大相对误差小于3%,实现较大匀整面积。通过模拟成像对比分析发现,经过HEF修正后的X光机,大大提高了物体分辨的能力。所提出的对特定X光管参数和成像阵列面足跟效应的修正方法具有一定的实用性与可推广性,对X光机的设计和使用具有一定的参考价值。     

气体间漏率等效关系的直接模拟蒙特卡洛分析

研究气体间漏率的等效关系, 对提高检漏数据判读的准确性具有重要意义。本文基于对金属压扁型漏孔的研究, 通过建立分析模型, 运用直接模拟蒙特卡罗法数值模拟方法得出了气态工质的漏率曲线及不同工质间漏率的等效关系, 验证了气态工质泄漏模型的正确性, 可实现已知示漏气体漏率情况下实际工质漏率的虚拟预示。研究结果表明, 不同气态工质在同一条件下漏率存在着较大差异, 但都随两端压差增大而增大, 呈近二次多项式变化趋势, 仿真结果与理论分析相符。气态工质间漏率等效性在He漏率≤10^-6Pa·m³/s和He漏率≥10^-3Pa·m³/s时趋于恒值;而当He漏率在[10-6, 10-3]Pa·m3/s时, 漏率等效性存在着先上升后下降的多项式变化形式, 且最大值出现在这一区域之间。研究结果为实际工质与示漏工质间漏率等效数值研究提供了基本方法和参考数据。     

光学邻近效应与掩模特征尺寸的关系

依据物的空间频谱分布，部分相干成象理论及空间滤波概念，分析了投影光刻中的掩模特征尺寸与光学邻近效应的关系，并通过成象系统的数值孔长对ＯＰＥ的影响的模拟验证了分析结果。     

室内扩散声场的Monte Carlo模拟方法

本文介绍了ＭｏｎｔｅＣａｒｌｏ方法模拟室内扩散声场的原理，模拟计算了混响室声场中的能量密度衰减曲线、能量脉冲响应、平均自由程及吸声系数等。该方法原理简单，占用内存少，适应于模拟室内声场分布。     

高速飞行器气动光学传输效应的工程计算方法

气动光学传输效应对飞行器光学成像探测系统的性能有着十分重要的影响，它使探测器接受的图像产生偏移、抖动和模糊。文章分析了目标光线通过流场时的光学传输特性，建立了流场光学传输特性的工程计算模型，描述了气动光学传输效应对成像探测系统影响的经验模型。在此基础上，对气动光学传输效应产生的像偏移、抖动和模糊进行了数值仿真，仿真结果表明，气动光学传输效应对成像探测系统的影响与飞行器的飞行参数、成像探测系统参数和探测器积分时间等密切相关。     

航天光学相机模拟在轨飞行测试平台设计

对相机综合管理单元进行大量的测试是航天光学相机研制过程中的重要环节,传统的测试系统功能单一且无法模拟航天相机在轨飞行整个工作流程.本文以实际型号测试角度出发,提出了以DSP硬件和遥测遥控VC软件为基础构建新型航天光学相机模拟在轨飞行测试平台的设计方法,说明了该平台硬件组成和工作原理的同时,给出了关键软件参考代码.结合某...     

三维目标倾角不变光学模式识别的计算机模拟

研究了在传统的光学相关系统中，用一组滤波器实现三维目标倾角不变模式识别的方法，以及滤波器组的设计原理，获得了滤波器组的参数，完成了光学相关的计算机模拟。     

应用Monte Carlo算法研究大分子蠕动阻力的影响因素

采用一种基于高分子Monte Carlo模拟算法分析分子蠕动阻力的软件,借助于二维空间中的8配位点键长涨落的格子链模型,对不同温度、分子量、共混小分子时的大分子蠕动行为进行了模拟分析,考察了温度、分子长、共混小分子等因素对蠕动阻力的影响,得到了随着温度增加、分子长减小和共混浓度增加,大分子蠕动阻力减小的结果,这与传统经验理论相符合。这些结果为选择大分子量添加剂黄原胶作为抗结块剂,以及选择β-环糊抑制玻璃化转变等提供了理论依据。     

基于自适应蒙特卡罗方法的测量不确定度评定

在GUM Sup.1提出基于分布传播的不确定度评定基础上,系统地介绍了自适应蒙特卡罗方法进行不确定度评定的原理和步骤,并以此对线性测量模型和非线性测量模型进行了仿真,得出自适应蒙特卡罗方法对两类测量模型不确定度都有较好的评定效果,同时指出自适应蒙特卡罗方法中仿真次数M和数值容差δ的合理选择都需要进一步研究。     

Monte Carlo simulations of magnetic properties in multilayers

A Monte Carlo method has been used to simulate Heisenberg multilayer systems (L × L × 4P) consisting of alternating P ferromagnetic layers A and B with antiferromagnetic interface coupling J_AB. Finite-size effects on the specific heat and magnetisation thermal variation for two kinds of boundary conditions at the top and bottom planes are investigated. In particular, our Monte Carlo data evidence that the specific heat exhibits two peaks and a single phase transition occurs at the temperature which corresponds to the location of the high temperature peak (as L → ∞).     

晶粒生长的蒙特卡罗模拟研究进展

概述了经典的晶粒生长蒙特卡罗(MC)模型并指出了其存在的缺陷,总结了近几年国内外研究者对经典MC模型的改进算法,综述了MC方法模拟晶粒生长的应用研究,指出了目前研究中存在的问题,并展望了今后的主要研究方向.     

Semi-analytical Monte Carlo simulation for time-resolved light propagating in multilayered turbid media

In this study, a Monte Carlo (MC) method for time-resolved light scattering from multilayered turbid media (SMCML) has been developed. This method is particularly suitable for simulating light backscattering from layered media and receiving the time-resolved signal in a finite sensor area, such as ocean detection, photomedicine and photobiology. The classical semi-analytical MC method requires the scattering events to be located in a single-layer medium. To address the multilayer problem, the energy loss mechanism of photons propagating in tissue was analyzed in this study. According to the energy contribution to the detector, only photons that contribute significantly were considered. Simulations were conducted for stochastic turbid media with different optical parameters. Temporal profiles of the echo signal were obtained with a satisfactory convergence. Compared to the classical MC method, the SMCML method can dramatically reduce the computation time by more than two orders of magnitude.     

A spectral representation based model for Monte Carlo simulation

A new model is proposed for generating samples of real-valued stationary Gaussian processes. The model is based on the spectral representation theorem stating that a weakly stationary process can be viewed as a superposition of harmonics with random properties. The classical use of this theorem for Monte Carlo simulation is based on models consisting of a superposition of harmonics with fixed frequencies but random amplitude and phase. The resulting samples have the same period depending on the discretization of the frequency band. In contrast, the proposed model consists of a superposition of harmonics with random amplitude, phase, and frequency so that different samples have different periods depending on the particular sample values of the harmonic frequencies.

A band limited Gaussian white noise process is used to illustrate the proposed Monte Carlo simulation algorithm and demonstrate that the estimates of the covariance function based on the samples of the proposed model are not periodic.     

Monte Carlo simulation of pulse pile-up effect in gamma spectrum of a PGNAA system

We have applied a pile-up Monte Carlo simulation code on gamma spectrum of a prompt gamma neutron activation analysis (PGNAA) system. The code has been run in nonparalyzable mode for a specific geometry of a PGNAA system with ²⁴¹Am-⁹Be source and NaI(Tl) detector to obtain the distortion due to “pile-up” in the pulse height of gamma spectrum. The results show that the main background in the nitrogen region of interest (ROI) is due to two pile-ups. We have also evaluated the variation of count rate and total photon sampling over the Monte Carlo spectra. At high count rates, not only the nitrogen ROI but also carbon ROI, and hydrogen peak are disturbed strongly. Comparison between the results of simulations and the experimental spectra has shown a good agreement. The code could be used for other source setups and different gamma detection systems.     

磁性多层膜系统自旋重取向行为的Monte Carlo模拟

依据Heisenberg模型,利用Monte　Carlo方法模拟了磁性多层膜系统的自旋重取向行为,研究了各向异性、偶极相互作用以及外磁场对系统自旋取向的影响。通过模拟计算,获得了系统组态、磁分量等随偶极相互作用、外加磁场和温度的变化规律,重点研究了磁性多层膜系统在外磁场作用下的磁滞现象。     

Monte Carlo模拟薄膜生长的研究

阐述了Monte Carlo方法在薄膜生长中的应用和最新进展;简要论述了Monte Carlo算法的类型及各自的特点;结合MonteCarlo方法的特点,提出了模拟薄膜生长的模型以及处理方法.同时,归纳出MonteCarlo模拟薄膜生长需要解决的主要问题.