多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷纳米杂化材料制备方法研究进展

多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷(POSS)作为一种新型的有机-无机纳米杂化材料,在现代材料科学中显示出潜在的使用价值.不同取代基的POSS具有不同的反应活性,因此制备POSS基纳米复合材料的方法层出不穷.综述了以物理共混法和化学合成法制备POSS基纳米复合材料的研究进展,并展望了今后POSS基纳米杂化材料的发展前景.     

笼型多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷研究进展

笼形多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷是近年来新兴的一类真正分子水平上的有机/无机杂化纳米材料.介绍了POSS的有机无机杂化的笼形结构和相应性能,总结了通过三官能的有机硅单体水解缩聚合成POSS及其衍生物的路线及存在的低产率、高成本问题,并概述了POSS基聚合物的性能、杂化结构和制备方法,指出了POSS在各领域的应用前景,并对POSS基材料的发展趋势和有待于进一步解决的问题进行了探讨.     

多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷杂化丙烯酸树脂的制备及性能

采用二次聚合工艺将七异丁基甲基丙烯酰氧丙基POSS(T₈^MA/7i-POSS)、八甲基丙烯酰氧丙基POSS(T₈^MA-POSS)与甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)进行自由基聚合反应,制备得到POSS/PMMA杂化材料。通过红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱、X射线衍射等手段对聚合物的结构进行了表征,结果表明多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷(POSS)分子成功被引入聚合物链段中;通过原子力显微镜、扫描电镜对杂化材料形貌进行分析,结果表明POSS的引入增加了杂化材料表面粗糙度,出现明显凹凸结构;通过热重分析、差示扫描量热分析对杂化材料热性能进行分析,结果表明当T₈^MA/7i-POSS添加量为20%、T₈^MA-POSS添加量为5%时,PMMA的玻璃化转变温度从91.73℃提高到129.58℃,表现出良好的热性能。     

分子内杂化纳米结构体多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷研究进展

多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷(POSS)是基于化学键合作用形成的分子内杂化体系,其改性后的材料是一类具有广泛潜在应用价值的新型有机-无机杂化材料。文中介绍了多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷单体的结构、性能、单体及其衍生物的合成,以及其改性聚合物材料在航空、航天、卫生、电子等高科技领域内的应用前景。针对国内的研究现状,指出低聚倍半硅氧烷-聚合物杂化体系研究所存在的问题。     

笼型倍半硅氧烷(POSS)/环氧树脂有机无机杂化材料的热性能

为了提高环氧树脂(EP)的性能,采用具有氨基官能团的笼型倍半硅氧烷(POSS)改性.首先通过POSS与EP发生化学反应,形成有机无机杂化树脂;然后固化杂化树脂,得到POSS/EP有机无机杂化材料.文中研究了杂化树脂的凝胶特性和杂化材料的热性能,包括热变性温度(HDT)、玻璃化转变温度(Tg)和高温热分解性能.研究结果表...     

笼型倍半硅氧烷的合成与应用

笼型倍半硅氧烷(POSS)是一种新型有机硅杂化材料,在耐高温材料、阻燃材料以及高分子增强材料方面具有广阔的发展前景.主要介绍了苯基、氨基、环氧基和甲基等4种官能团取代笼型倍半硅氧烷的合成方法及影响因素、性能和应用前景.     

多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷晶粒诱导的聚乳酸结晶行为及性能

通过溶液及熔融两步共混方法,用带有环氧基的多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷(EVOS)对聚乳酸(PLA)进行改性,并对复合材料的力学性能、结晶性能和相态等方面进行了表征。实验结果表明,随着EVOS的加入,PLA冷结晶温度降低,结晶和熔融温度变化不大,结晶热和熔融热下降。1%的EVOS在PLA中实现了纳米尺度的分散,随着EVOS含量增加,球晶尺寸明显增加。当EVOS的添加量为5%时,材料的拉伸强度比纯PLA增加26.2%,达到最大值。     

静电纺丝聚氨酯/多面体倍半硅氧烷(POSS)复合纳米纤维的性能研究

讨论了电压、接收距离、挤出速度对静电纺丝聚氨酯纤维形态的影响,在共混溶剂DMF/THF为1∶2、浓度为8%、电压为30 kV,挤出速度为6 mL/h、接收距离为15 cm条件下,通过静电纺丝法制备了聚氨酯/POSS复合纤维膜,研究了POSS对其形态、力学性能以及热稳定性的影响。结果表明,加入POSS后,聚氨酯纳米纤维的直径增加,玻璃化转变温度和起始分解温度比纯聚氨酯的分别提高了约15℃和22℃,并且其力学性能也有所改善。     

双功能基多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷(POSS)的合成与表征

以无水乙醇为溶剂,将乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷和甲基三甲氧基硅烷在酸性条件下进行共水解共缩聚反应合成二乙烯基六甲基八聚笼型倍半硅氧烷。讨论了影响反应的各种因素,得出了该反应的最佳条件,在单体浓度为0.35 mol/L,催化剂浓度为0.4 mol/L,水与单体物质的量比为6时,于50℃反应40 h得到的产物有最高的产率。利用红外、核磁共振(1H-NMR、29S-i NMR)和X射线衍射(XRD)对其结构进行了表征,结果证明,产物形成了完整的笼型结构,产物的结构式为[Si8O12(CH=CH2)2(CH3)6],XRD测试也表明产物具有较好的结晶性。     

笼型倍半硅氧烷纳米杂化材料的研究进展

介绍了笼型倍半硅氧烷(POSS)作为一种新型的有机一无机杂化材料,在近10年的研究中引起了极大关注.阐述了POSS单体的结构特点及官能化POSS的合成,并指出了POSS聚合物在催化剂、发光材料、介电材料等领域内的应用前景.     

Investigation of defects in polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes based organic light emitting diodes

We have investigated novel poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) derivative based organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). We have used poly(2,3-diphenyl-1,4-phenylenevinylene) (DP-PPV) as an emitter in which an inorganic core of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) have been incorporated. The hybrid structure obtained shows an improvement on the stability and an enhancement of electroluminescence properties. Charge-based deep level transient spectroscopy (Q-DLTS) has been used to study the defect states in indium-tin-oxide (ITO)/polyethylene dioxythiophene:polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS)/POSS-DP-PPV/CaAl light emitting devices. Analysis of the Q-DLTS spectra obtained in devices, reveal at least six trap levels. The mean activation energies of traps are distributed in the range 0.3–0.5 eV within the band gap of the hybrid polymer and capture cross sections are of the order of 10¹⁶–10²⁰ cm². The trap densities are in the range of 10¹⁶–10¹⁷ cm^?3. Although the origin of these traps remains not clearly established, we suggest that the trap states with a large capture cross-section would likely to be originated from the inorganic part of hybrid material while those with lower capture cross-section would be related to its organic part.     

新型功能性倍半硅氧烷的合成与表征

以三氯丙基三甲氧基硅烷、苯基三甲氧基硅烷为原料,在一定条件下合成了笼形八聚(三氯丙基)倍半硅氧烷和双层倍半硅氧烷。进一步与叠氮钠、冠醚等通过取代反应、点击反应等方法来合成多种功能性的倍半硅氧烷,它们在复合材料等领域将有很好的应用前景。利用1-核磁共振光谱、13-核磁共振光谱、29-Si核磁共振光谱、基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱等手段,对它们的结构分别进行了表征。     

Preparation and characterization of polybenzoxazine/trisilanol polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes composites

The benzoxazine/incomplete trisilanol POSS mixtures were prepared by solvent method, and the corresponding composites were obtained after curing. The structures, curing behavior and thermal properties were characterized by FTIR, X-ray diffraction, DSC, DMA and TGA. The results showed that chemical bonds have been formed between trisilanolphenyl POSS and PBZ, and trisilanolphenyl POSS possessed better compatibility with the matrix than trisilanolisobutyl POSS; the dynamic viscoelastic properties and thermal stability of the composites have been greatly enhanced by the incorporation of trisilanolphenyl POSS. However, the improvements on the dynamic viscoelastic properties of PBZ/trisilanolisobutyl POSS were not so markedly.     

硅氧烷齐聚物颗粒增强Sn-Ag基复合钎料的熔化特性

具有纳米结构的有机-无机笼型硅氧烷齐聚物（POSS）作为强化相的POSS/Sn-3.5Ag复合钎料可有效地改善基体钎料钎焊接头的力学可靠性。在前期试验的基础上,采用差热分析试验的方法分析了POSS 质量分数为3%的POSS/Sn-Ag复合钎料中POSS颗粒的熔化特性。结果表明,3% POSS/Sn-Ag复合钎料的熔化温度与Sn-3.5Ag共晶钎料相近,POSS颗粒的加入对其熔化温度影响不大,说明复合钎料在熔化特性上可以满足工艺性能的要求。此外,差热分析计算表明,3% POSS/Sn-Ag复合钎料在冷却过程中具有更高的表观活化能值,说明POSS强化相可能主要存在于Sn晶粒的晶界处。     

一种含多面低聚倍半硅氧烷的环氧树脂改性剂及性能研究

采用自制的γ-氨丙基笼型齐聚倍半硅氧烷(POSS-NH_2)与一小分子反应,合成了一种新型环氧树脂改性剂(POSS-NH-R),并以此对环氧树脂E-51进行改性.考察了不同添加量对复合环氧树脂的各项性能的影响,发现当添加量为25%时,改性效果最佳.     

Elasticity,thermal stability and bioactivity of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes reinforced chitosan-based microfibres

A wet-spinning approach was used to extrude ribbon-like micrometer-thick fibres comprising chitosan with 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9% (w/w) polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS). ANOVA reveals significant variations in the maximum stress (σ), stiffness (E), elastic energy storage (u′) and fracture toughness (u) of the microfibres with respect to POSS concentration: σ, u′ and u peak at 7% (w/w) but POSS concentration has no effect on E. Scanning electron microscopy of the ruptured microfibres reveals fracture and detachment of POSS precipitates from the chitosan matrix. Bioactivity test using simulated body fluids reveals a net gain in mass (by day 4) and grossly distorted morphology caused by apatite deposition on the microfibre surface. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy reveals that chitin is partially deacetylated into chitosan and it further shows the presence of POSS in the microfibres. Thermogravimetric analysis shows that the microfibres are thermally stable up to 240°C in a nitrogen atmosphere.     

Improved interfacial properties of carbon fiber/epoxy composites through grafting polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane on carbon fiber surface

Carbon fibers were grafted with a layer of uniform octaglycidyldimethylsilyl POSS in an attempt to improve the interfacial properties between carbon fibers and epoxy matrix. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and dynamic contact angle analysis were performed to characterize the carbon fibers. AFM results show that the grafting of POSS significantly increased the carbon fiber surface roughness. XPS indicates that oxygen-containing functional groups obviously increased after modification. Dynamic contact angle analysis shows that the surface energy of modified carbon fibers is much higher than that of the untreated ones. Results of the mechanical property tests show that interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) increased from 68.8 to 90.5 MPa and impact toughness simultaneously increased from 2.62 to 3.59 J.     

POSS/聚合物纳米复合材料的制备及其在光电材料中的应用

多面体低聚硅倍半氧烷(POSS)是一种新型有机-无机纳米材料。由于其具有优异的光学、电学、力学和热稳定性能,利用具有笼状结构的POSS带有的一个或多个具有反应活性的官能团进行聚合、接枝、表面改性等将POSS引入聚合物分子链段,制备有机/无机纳米复合材料,可以明显改善聚合物的光、电、热等性能。综述了POSS/聚合物纳米复合材料的制备及其在光电材料中的研究进展。     

POSS为核的高臂数星型杂化聚乳酸的合成

首先合成了含有8个羟基、结构极为对称的八聚[2-(2-羟基乙氧基)二甲基硅氧基]倍半硅氧烷,再以其为核引发D,L-丙交酯发生开环聚合,制备了含有八臂聚乳酸的星型有机-无机杂化POSS-PDLLA材料,通过FTIR、1H-NMR、GPC、DSC和TGA等手段对八羟基倍半硅氧烷和POSS-PDLLA杂化材料的化学结构和性能等进行了表征。结果表明,成功合成了单分散性的八羟基倍半硅氧烷,而POSS-PDLLA杂化聚合物分子量分布极窄(小于1.1)、玻璃化转变温度为43.6℃、热稳定性良好,具有与线性聚乳酸截然不同的特性。