Historic Breakthrough in CNPC＇s Overseas Oil and Gas Operation

Daily overseas oil production tops 80,000tons.China National Oil and Gas Exploration and Development Corporation (CNODC), one of the subsidiaries under CNPC specialized in oversea soil and gas exploration, is now experiencing a strong and rapid business development momentum this year. On August 6, CNODC announced the daily overseas oil production started to top 80,000 tons from July by reaching 82,400 tons, a substantial step towards the company‘s annual target of 30 million tons. With a total of 44 oil and gas exploration and development projects currently under execution worldwide, CNODC has been committed to enable the overseas operation to become the new growth point for CNPC.     

Latest Development of China＇s Offshore Oil Giant

China National Offshore Oil Corporation （CNOOC）, the country＇s largest offshore oil and natural gas producer, has remained ambitious and active in its business development both inside and outside China. It has made remarkable achievements in 2013 with a promising prospect in the rest of the year.     

Latest Development in China＇s Oil Refining ＆ Petrochemical Sector

China＇s big-three oil companies - CNPC, Sinopec and CNOOC - have intensified their competition in the domestic oil refining and petrochemical sector in recent years so as to better position themselves in the oil products market at home.     

Key Economic Indexes of China‘s Three Oil Giants in 2001

Based on the statistical figures provided by CNPC,Sinopec and CNOOC, three oil giants in the countryCNPC generated 430.1 billion yuan for the salesincome, 53 billion yuan for the profits and 64.8billion yuan for the taxes in 2001. Sinopec generated360 billion yuan for the sales income, 12.81 billionyuan for the profits and 34.19 billion yuan for thetaxes. CNOOC generated 30.38 billion yuan for thesales income and 9.6 billion yuan for the profits.All the three companies saw a stable grow…     

Development of China＇s Offshore Oil Resources

Compared with the traditional exploitation of landbased oil and gas, to explore offshore oil and gas might exert certain influences by high-risk, high-tech and high-investment, which attributes to determine the basic characteristics of offshore oil and gas developmentsafe, efficiency and economy. China National Offshore Oil Corporation （CNOOC） as the largest producer of offshore oil and gas in China, through 26 years rapid development with experiences three stages that are external cooperation, combination of cooperative and selfoperation, and fully integrated energy company, to further clarify the developing target of the company.     

Dynamic Development of China＇s Offshore Oil Giant

China National Offshore Oil Company Limited(CNOOC Ltd.) saw its daily net production of oil and natural gas rose 15 percent year on year to 566,860 barrels of oil equivalent in the first quarter. However,the company's total unaudited revenue dropped 41.9 percent to 13.95 billion yuan (US$2.1 billion) on lower crude prices in the first three months this year. Based on the 2009 ranking of Global Top 500 released by British "Financial Times" on May 29, CNOOC, which is the parent company of CNOOC Ltd., moved up to the 80th place from the 101st place in 2008.     

Panorama of China＇s Oil Refining Industry in 2005

China＇s oil refining industry registered a loss of about 30 billion yuan （US$3,7 billion） in 2005, a sharp contrast to the 20.8 billion yuan in profits in 2004, according to the statistical figures made available from China＇s National Development and Reform Commission （NDRC）, which is in charge of industrial policy. The development of China＇s oil refining industry has witnessed tension between oil demand and straining supply as well as a steady increase of output in 2005, impacted by domestic and international factors.     

International Cooperation of China’s Petroleum Industry

With the rapid development of the economic globalization, the international operation of petroleum industry has become a strategic instrument commonly adopted by the global petroleum corporations. Since the early 1990s, China＇s petroleum industry has participated in international cooperation at an earlier time and vigorously carried out transnational management. Among them, China National Petroleum Corporation （CNPC） has gained an initial scale in overseas oil and gas production and supply and gained tremendous economic and social returns through constant exploration and accumulated experience, taking the lead among the large corporations in China.     

Developing Course and New Strategy of ZPEB＇s Overseas Projects

Zhongyuan Petroleum Exploration Bureau （ZPEB） is one of the enterprises that stepped into international oil markets prior from China. In 1992, the project contracted for No.55 highway construction in Pakistan with ZPEB, which was the prelude of entering international market. In 1996, the seismic team No.96168 went to Sudan for the first time; in 2000, No.5012 drilling crew entered Qatar for the purpose of knocking the door of petroleum engineering service in Middle East market. ZPEB exploited in the positive exploring for overcoming many difficulties during the operations and made its overseas projects have been developed gradually.     

Review and Outlook of China＇s Oil Market in 2013

The growth rate of China＇s oil demand dropped considerably in the first half of 2013, and that ofoil products demand varied a lot. The growth rate of domestic crude oil output, processed crude oil and product oil output rose again. Both net imports and dependence of crude oil and oil on foreign trade declined. Exports of gasoline, kerosene and diesel grew on a large scale. Basically the State timely adjusted domestic product oil prices according to the new pricing mechanism and ensured rich supply.     

China's Demand for Overseas Crude to Expand

China＇s dependency on foreign crude will continue to increase this year despite the ongoing strife in major oil-producing nations like lraq. According to a report publishcd by China National Petroleum Corporation （CNPC）, the country＇s largest oil and gas produce,; China is expected to import 298 million metric tons of crude this year, accounting for about 58.66 percent of the total crude consumption in the country.     

China＇s Crude Oil Production from 2008 to 2013 （10,000 tons）

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Way to Success： International M＆A of China Oil Enterprises

Significance of international mergers and acquisition
Good for easing lack of domestic oil reserves
China oil production is under severe deficit due to insufficient resources. Annual average growth rate of crude oil consumption was 7.41%, but annual average growth rate of crude oil supply was only 1.95% in China in past 10 years. Oil supply could not meet demand of economic development. It is predicted that degree of China＇s dependence on foreign will be as high as 60% in 2015.     

三维地质建模技术在致密砂岩油藏水平井开发中的应用——以鄂尔多斯盆地S区块为例

为有效提高鄂尔多斯盆地南部致密砂岩油藏水平井钻井精确度及成功率,以三维地质建模技术下的构造模型、岩相及属性参数模型、储集层构型模型和自然伽马体模型为基础,进行水平井轨迹设计及随钻跟踪调整,并在盆地南部S区块长8油层组进行了现场试验。结果表明：储集层构型模型、自然伽马体模型等可有效表征目的层砂体的展布规律,定量指导水平井的轨迹设计;钻进过程中通过随钻自然伽马数据的验证分析,及时对水平井轨迹做出调整,确保水平段始终贯穿于最优砂体储集层中;3口现场试验的水平井均顺利完钻,平均砂体钻遇率为98.5%,平均有效储集层钻遇率为90.3%,投产后取得了显著的开发效果。采用三维地质建模技术可有效指导水平井轨迹设计及随钻跟踪调整,为鄂尔多斯盆地致密砂岩油藏水平井钻井及开发提供一定的借鉴。     

页岩气储层微观孔隙结构特征及发育控制因素——以川南—黔北XX地区龙马溪组为例

利用扫描电镜以及比表面积分析仪产生的试验数据、吸附脱附曲线对页岩气储层储集空间类型、微观孔隙结构的系统研究表明,川南—黔北XX地区龙马溪组页岩气储层储集空间多样,包括残余原生粒间孔、晶间孔、矿物铸模孔、次生溶蚀孔、黏土矿物间微孔、有机质孔以及构造裂缝、成岩收缩微裂缝、层间页理缝、超压破裂缝等基质孔隙和裂缝类型。发现研究区龙马溪组泥页岩比表面积和孔体积都较大且具有良好的正相关性,并认为微孔隙越发育,泥页岩的比表面积和孔体积越大,越有利于泥页岩对页岩气的吸附储集。建立了泥页岩的孔隙模型,并利用吸附脱附曲线分析了研究区龙马溪组泥页岩的微观孔隙结构特征,指出研究区龙马溪组泥页岩以极为发育的微孔为主,其中为泥页岩提供最大量孔体积和表面积的孔隙主要为Ⅲ类细颈瓶状(墨水瓶状)孔和Ⅰ类开放透气性孔。认为有机碳含量、伊/蒙间层矿物含量以及热演化程度是控制研究区龙马溪组页岩气储层微观孔隙结构的主要因素。     

低渗稠油油藏CO2表面活性剂复合吞吐开发——以克拉玛依油田五区南上乌尔禾组油藏为例

克拉玛依油田五区南上乌尔禾组油藏为低孔低渗稠油油藏,储集层物性差,注水开发产量递减快,地层能量保持程度低,后油井全面关停。近年来重新压裂复产,初期效果显著,但产量递减率高。为解决油井低产低效的问题,开展CO₂表面活性剂复合吞吐技术研究,并进行提产试验。在增油机理实验的基础上,应用多组分油藏数值模拟技术,对CO₂表面活性剂复合注入方式及参数进行优化;建立了增产油量随不同吞吐周期注入量、注气速度、焖井时间、开采强度等参数变化的响应关系,确定了复合吞吐的最佳注入参数。矿场实施后,单井自喷达240 d,增产原油630 t,补充地层能量、改善流动性的效果显著,可供同类油藏开发参考。     

地质—工程—经济一体化页岩气水平井井距优化——以国家级页岩气开发示范区宁209井区为例

为了最大限度地提高资源动用率,通常都采用一次性井网整体部署的方式开发页岩气,而水平井井距设计则是页岩气井网部署的关键。在确定最优井距时,既需要掌握地质特征和钻井压裂工艺,也必须考虑气价、成本等经济因素的影响,目前国内外均没有形成较为可靠的页岩气水平井井距设计方法。为此,首次建立了一种基于地质—工程—经济一体化的页岩气水平井井距分析方法,通过地质建模、数值模拟、现金流分析3种技术手段,使用最终可采储量(EUR)、采收率和内部收益率(IRR)等3项指标对四川盆地长宁—威远国家级页岩气示范区宁209井区的页岩气开发井距进行了综合评价。研究结果表明:①宁209井区在当前的地质、工程、经济条件下,井距大于240 m可以确保页岩气平台开发的内部收益率大于8%;②井距控制在330～380 m时,可以同时兼顾单井EUR、平台采收率和经济效益。结论认为,该研究成果支撑了该井区页岩气开发技术政策的制定,为其实现页岩气规模效益开发奠定了基础。