相界面对核电Z3CN20-09M不锈钢裂纹萌生和扩展的影响

为研究国产核级主管道不锈钢Z3CN20-09M中奥氏体/铁素体相界面在裂纹萌生与扩展过程中的作用,通过扫描电镜原位拉伸技术对核级主管道不锈钢在拉伸过程中的组织形变、微裂纹的萌生与扩展进行原位观察,对断口进行了分析.研究表明,在拉伸过程中,微裂纹优先在杂质颗粒和相界位置萌生.当铁素体/奥氏体界面垂直于拉伸方向时,裂纹倾向于沿相界萌生,并沿相界扩展;当铁素体/奥氏体界面平行于拉伸方向时,微裂纹在相界开裂,并垂直于界面扩展,主裂纹发生偏折,界面在裂纹扩展过程中起阻碍作用.     

核级不锈钢Z3CN20-09M焊缝组织及对裂纹扩展的影响

用光学显微镜和扫描电镜等手段研究了核级不锈钢Z3CN20-09M焊缝组织特征,用原位拉伸和EBSD等方法研究了焊缝组织对裂纹扩展的影响。结果表明,焊缝区主要由板条状组织和岛状组织构成。不同的组织对裂纹扩展的阻力不同,岛状组织对裂纹的扩展具有阻碍作用且使裂纹发生偏转,而板条状组织对裂纹扩展无阻碍作用,裂纹可在片层组织中迅速通过。     

敏化处理对2205双相不锈钢组织与力学性能的影响

采用金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)方法及力学性能测试等研究手段,研究了敏化处理对2205双相不锈钢显微组织及力学性能的影响.结果表明:850℃敏化处理.在α/γ和α/α相界析出σ,X相,并且随着敏化时间的延长,析出相含量增加;敏化处理后材料的强度有所提高,塑性明显降低,拉伸微观断口以解理平面...     

高Cl~-环境对M152和17-4PH高强钢应力腐蚀开裂行为的影响

利用中性盐雾实验、慢应变速率拉伸实验研究M152和17-4PH高强钢在高Cl~-环境中的应力腐蚀行为和机理。结果表明:M152和17-4PH钢在高Cl~-环境中均有一定的应力腐蚀开裂(SCC)敏感性,且随着前期中性盐雾时间的延长,其伸长率逐渐降低,SCC敏感性逐渐升高;通过扫描电子显微镜对试样的断口和侧边裂纹进行观察比较发现,中性盐雾时间的延长会使M152和17-4PH高强钢的断裂机制由韧性断裂向脆性断裂转变。分析得出M152和17-4PH钢在高Cl~-环境中发生SCC是阳极溶解(AD)和氢脆(HE)的协同作用,Cl~-会加速AD过程。经过不同时间中性盐雾后17-4PH钢的SCC敏感性均比M152钢要高,HE作用也越明显。高Cl~-环境中,17-4PH高强钢相对M152钢更易发生SCC。     

不锈钢表面处理对Cr2O3薄膜太阳能选择吸收性能的影响

采用Sol-gel法以及浸渍提拉法在不锈钢表面制备了Cr2O3选择性吸收薄膜。分别采用喷砂处理和氧化液腐蚀两种方式对不锈钢进行表面处理,考察不同表面处理方式对Cr2O3太阳能选择吸收薄膜性能的影响。用Lambda 750型UV-Vis-NIR分光光度计和Tensor 27型BRUKER红外光谱仪分别测试薄膜在可见-近红外光谱区和红外光谱区的反射光谱。结果表明,氧化液处理的不锈钢基体,其表面所涂覆薄膜的红外发射率明显降低,发射率由喷砂基体的0.465降低到0.186,具有良好的选择吸收性。     

Effect of aging treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties evolution of 25Cr-20Ni austenitic stainless steel weldments with different Nb contents

The microstructure evolutions and the mechanical properties of the 25Cr-20Ni austenitic stainless steel weld metals with different Nb contents were investigated during the long term aging treatment at 700~?C.M_(23)C_6,Nb(C,N),α-Cr phase and Nb-nitride phase(Z phase)were observed in the microstructures of the aged weld metals.The results showed that theα-Cr phase precipitated in the interdendritic regions of the weld metals after being exposed to~ 700?C for 500 h and the element Nb accelerated the precipitation of theα-Cr phase significantly.The density of theα-Cr phase decreased with the increase of the distance away from the primary Nb(C,N).Additionally,theα-Cr phase showed a crystallographic relationship with the austenitic matrix,■.It was observed that the Z phase precipitated in the periphery of the Nb(C,N)and may replace the Nb(C,N)after long term exposure to high temperature.The transformation of the Nb(C,N)into Z phase suggested that the Z phase had a higher stability than the Nb(C,N)par~ticles at 700?C for long term aging.The tensile strength of the Nb-bearing weld metal showed a continuous decrease at the initial stage of the aging treatment and then went up slightly with the prolonged aging time.However,the elongations and the impact energies of the weld metals decreased monotonously with the increase of the aging time.