光纤Fe-C敏感膜的制备及腐蚀传感规律的研究现状

介绍了Fe-C敏感膜光纤腐蚀监测传感器的原理及其应用,并重点介绍了Fe-C敏感膜的制备及传感器传感规律的研究,发现在腐蚀过程中输出光功率会明显增大,通过监测输出光功率的变化可以得到金属的腐蚀情况,最后提出了研究中需要解决的问题,并展望了其应用前景.     

光纤光栅锈蚀传感器的Fe-C敏感膜制备方法优化

光纤光栅锈蚀传感器将光纤光栅传感技术优势应用于钢结构混凝土的耐久性长期监测。对于基于锈蚀敏感膜的光纤光栅锈蚀传感器而言,敏感膜的质量对传感器整体性能起着关键的作用。引入脉冲电镀方法制备Fe-C薄膜,通过薄膜厚度和质量测试、传感器锈蚀实验,优化了脉冲电镀制备参数,分析和比较了脉冲电镀与直流电镀的所制备薄膜的特点,以及所制备传感器的锈蚀行为和传感寿命。通过薄膜形貌、测定薄膜附着力等方法研究Fe-C锈蚀敏感膜性能,通过加速锈蚀实验分析比较各电镀时间得到的传感器锈蚀行为,从而得到最佳电镀时间参数,并且将其与直流电镀方法进行了全面的对比。对比实验表明,脉冲电镀方法得到的Fe-C薄膜的表面平整度和附着力,以及传感器的线性工作区间和传感寿命均优于直流电镀方法得到的薄膜和传感器。     

Fe-C膜光纤光栅锈蚀传感器在模拟海洋环境中的特性研究

研究了一种基于与钢筋成分相似的Fe-C膜光纤光栅锈蚀传感器,在模拟海洋环境3.5%NaCl溶液中进行锈蚀监测,同时与电化学监测比较。对Fe-C膜进行电子探针、XRD和SEM测试,阐述了传感器的结构和原理。实验结果表明:光纤锈蚀传感器在2.5d达到最大漂移量430pm,锈蚀10d敏感膜出现脱落,波长发生回落。与电化学监测相比,光纤锈蚀传感器能够实现长期监测,并获得锈蚀时间、锈蚀速率和锈蚀程度等锈蚀状态,对钢结构的实时在线监测具有重要意义。     

VOCs传感器敏感膜材料及敏感机理研究进展

在有机挥发性气体(volatile organic compounds,VOCs)传感器中,对VOCs产生选择性吸附作用的敏感膜是至关重要的部分,传感器的响应效能取决于敏感膜的材料和制备方法。本文总结了用于VOCs传感器的有机聚合物材料、无机纳米材料、超分子材料和复合材料等不同结构类型的敏感膜材料,通过分析其化学组成、制备方法及结构特征,探讨并比较VOCs在各种敏感膜材料上的吸附性能及相互作用机制,特别介绍了近年发展起来的金属有机框架(metal-organic frameworks,MOFs)材料在VOCs传感器中的应用及敏感机理。最后对敏感膜材料在VOCs传感器研发中面临的挑战及发展趋势进行了讨论和展望,包括传感器的灵敏度、交叉响应、寿命等性能问题,研发孔隙率高、比表面积大的敏感材料将有望解决这些挑战。     

光纤Bragg光栅传感器化学镀铜研究

为了保护光纤Bragg光栅传感器并使其能与基体金属有良好的结合性,在光纤Bragg光栅表面进行了化学镀铜.阐述了光纤Bragg光栅的传感原理,通过去保护层、除油、粗化等一系列预处理过程,在光纤Bragg光栅表面采用化学镀的方法镀上一层铜膜,并对已镀光纤Bragg光栅进行了结合力、可焊性及导电性的检测,同时给出了光纤Bragg光栅化学镀铜的工艺配方,比较了化学镀前后的温度传感性能.镀层结合力好,可焊性高,导电性强.     

包层腐蚀光纤M-Z干涉型高灵敏度折射率传感器(英文)

我们设计并制作了一种基于Mach-Zehnder干涉的高灵敏折射率传感器,其结构由两个光纤纤芯偏移的熔接结经包层腐蚀后组成。首先,利用商用的光纤熔接机在单模光纤上制作两个光纤纤芯偏移的熔接结;然后,将光纤化学腐蚀获得细薄的光纤包层,则光纤倏逝场与周围介质强烈相互作用,即制作出Mach-Zehnder干涉型高灵敏折射率传感器。实验结果表明,制作的长度为10 mm、直径为13.2μm的Mach-Zehnder干涉型折射率传感器,在折射率1.333～1.3685和1.3685～1.386范围内,其传感灵敏度分别高达1288.05和2118.26 nm/RIU。该传感器具有高灵敏度、结构紧凑、制作简单和低成本的优势。     

裸光纤Bragg光栅传感器工程特性试验研究

裸光纤Bragg光栅传感器结构纤巧,具有其它光纤光栅传感器无法比拟的结构优势。本文以等强度梁作为试验装置,通过对裸光纤Bragg光栅传感器的静态特性参数和动态响应特性进行的标定试验,验证了裸光纤光栅传感器在工程上直接应用的可能性。试验结果表明：裸光纤光栅传感器线性好,灵敏度较高,动态响应特性好,能够满足普通工程应用现场应力、应变的测量需求。     

Bragg光栅式应变传感器的传感特性研究

光纤Bragg光栅是一种新型的传感元件,其原理是利用波长解调的方法将被测的信号转化为光栅反射波长的偏移量,同时反射波长不受入射光的功率波动或光路系统损耗的影响。光纤Bragg光栅应变式传感器因此具备良好的可靠性、不受电磁干扰、不易腐蚀,同时最大的优点是在一根光纤上将多个光纤光栅应变传感器串接组成构成阵列开展分布式测量等优点,在逐渐应用于各类力学检测领域。本文着重对光纤Bragg光栅温度和应变的传感特性简要介绍并进行试验分析.     

纤维复合材料层合板内埋光纤光栅传感器的保护技术

内埋的光纤Bragg光栅（FBG）传感器的存活率及测试精度是其在线监测纤维增强树脂基复合材料制备和服役状态的重要前提。采用[90₁₁/0₁₁]的碳纤维预浸料铺层方式,在层合板0°和45°方向的典型位置埋入FBG温度和应变传感器,采用模压成型工艺制备复合材料层合板。在异向铺排（光纤光栅方向与碳纤维方向不同）的45°方向光纤光栅传感器内埋于碳纤维预浸料层间的过程中,对其采用4种不同的保护方式。通过对比实验结果发现:当对异向铺排的FBG传感器不采取保护措施时,在加热加压复合材料时光纤光栅容易失活;整层铺设同向预浸料以保护异向铺排的FBG传感器的方式改变了具有特定铺层参数复合材料的力学性能;采用窄长条同向预浸料上下包埋保护FBG传感器的方式增大了应变光栅测量结果的系统误差;采用窄长条同向预浸料上下包埋并在邻近铺层开凹槽的保护方式能明显提高内埋光纤光栅的存活率及测试精度。      

基于相移检测的有机改性溶胶-凝胶光学氧敏感膜研究

以四乙氧基硅烷(TEOS)和二甲基二乙氧基硅烷(DDS)为共聚前驱体,Ru(phen)3Cl2为荧光指示剂,采用溶胶凝胶技术,通过改变DDS/TEOS比值,制备了基于荧光猝灭原理的有机改性氧敏感膜.探讨了成膜条件,研究了DDS的掺杂量对敏感膜结构和性能的影响.结果表明,掺入适量的有机硅醇盐DDS,敏感膜均匀无龟裂,有较好的机械性和柔韧性.将敏感膜组装到基于相移检测的光纤氧传感器并对气态氧进行检测,检测下限达2×10-6,响应时间＜30 s;对溶解氧进行检测,检测下限达0.5 mg/L,响应时间＜50 s.与纯TEOS敏感膜相比,有机改性敏感膜具有更好的重复性和稳定性,更有利于溶解氧的测量.     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.     

新闻(英文)

正China and Greece Sign the Standardization Cooperation Agreement Witnessed by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras,AQSIQ Minister Zhi Shuping and ELOT Chairman and Executive Director Angelos Tolkas signed the SAC-ELOT Standardization Cooperation Agreement.The Agreement is one of the critical cooperation documents signed during Li Keqiang’s visit in Greece,encouraging China and Greece to