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热处理对大豆分离蛋白功能特性的影响 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
研究热处理温度及时间对大豆分离蛋白(SPI)结构及功能特性的影响.将2%(W:V)的大豆分离蛋白(pH 7.0)在80,90,100℃下分别热处理15,30,60,100,180 min后,测定其溶解性、乳化性、起泡性、疏水性、变性程度以及分子量分布.结果表明:2%SPI经80℃热处理,除乳化稳定性有所下降外,其它功能特性无显著性变化;在90,100℃热处理1 h后,起泡性显著提高,但泡沫稳定性及乳化特性损失较大.因此,高温热处理适当时间,有利于SPI溶解性的改善.此外,相关性分析表明,起泡性与溶解性呈中度显著正相关. 相似文献
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高压均质对大豆分离蛋白功能特性的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究了高压均质压力(40~160MPa)和均质次数(1次/2次)对大豆分离蛋白(SPI)功能特性的影响。结果表明:均质次数为1次时,40MPa和80MPa可显著提高SPI的溶解性,压力增加至120MPa和160MPa时,溶解性反而明显下降,但持水性提高;1次均质可以显著改善SPI乳化活性,而对其乳化稳定性影响不大;80MPa1次均质和160MPa2次均质能显著提高SPI凝胶性;除160MPa外,均质压力相同时,1次均质比2次均质更有利于改善SPI功能特性(包括溶解性、乳化性、凝胶性和持油性)。 相似文献
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不同酶类改性对大豆分离蛋白功能性质的影响 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
大豆分离蛋白的可控降解可以显著改善其乳化性和起泡性,分别选用来自动物、植物和微生物的胰蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶和米曲蛋白酶对大豆分离蛋白进行水解,对其水解程度与乳化性、起泡性和溶解性的关系进行研究。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT: A soy protein isolate (SPI) was thermally denatured at a critical concentration of 8% protein for 3 h at 95 °C, resulting in a powder that was readily reconstituted at ambient temperature and that demonstrated improved heat stability and cold-set gel functionality when compared to a control SPI. When SPI was heated at 3% protein equivalently, prior to reconstitution to 8% protein, the final viscosity was about 3 orders of magnitude less than the original sample. The viscosity of SPI heated at 3% protein was still nearly 2 orders of magnitude less than the original sample after both samples were reheated at 8% protein. These results suggested that heat denaturation at low protein concentrations limited network formation even after the protein concentration and interaction sites increased, impacting the isolate's cold gelling ability. Gelation was prevented upon treatment of SPI with iodoacetamide, which carbaminomethylated the cysteine residues, establishing the role of disulfide bonds in network formation. The viscosity of the 8% protein dispersion was also reduced by 2 orders of magnitude when treated with 8 M urea, and when combined with 10 mM DTT the gel viscosity was decreased by another order of magnitude. These results suggested that hydrophobic interactions played a primary role in gel strength after disulfide bonds form. The need for a higher concentration of protein during the heating step indicated that the critical disulfide bonds are intermolecular. Ultimately, the functionality produced by these protein–protein interactions produced a powdered soy protein isolate ingredient with consistent cold-set and thermal gelation properties. 相似文献
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《Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)》2007,40(1):22-32
Antimicrobial papers were prepared by coating paper with soy protein isolate (SPI) solution as inclusion matrix of carvacrol, an antimicrobial agent. Addition of carvacrol (30% w/w of SPI) to SPI solution (10% w/v) prepared at 25 °C induced soy protein aggregates and viscosity decrease. Heat treatment (50, 70, 90 °C) of SPI solutions and carvacrol addition improved homogeneity reduced particles size and increased viscosity of solutions. The aggregated structure of SPI in the presence of carvacrol at 25 °C may play the role of a trapping structure leading to low carvacrol losses during coating and drying process of paper (9.6% against 37% after heat treatment at 90 °C) and to lower release rates specially the first three days (0.04 g/m2/day and 0.31 g/m2/day when SPI coating solutions were prepared at 25 and 90 °C, respectively). Regardless of the heat treatments received by the SPI solutions, residual carvacrol quantities in the coated papers after 50 days ranged between 0.6 and 0.7 g/m2. 相似文献
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环糊精包合物的制备方法 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
环糊精是由6~12个葡萄糖基构成的环状化合物,主要有α、β和γ环糊精(分别由6、7和8个葡萄糖基构成)。它们具有亲水的外围及疏水的内腔,可与许多种物质形成包结物而改变物质的物理和化学特性,因而被广泛应用于各个领域。为了更好地研究环糊精包结物,本文总结出环糊精包合物的各种制备和检测方法。 相似文献
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选用大豆作为主要原料,采用单因素试验和正交试验设计优化燕麦大豆酸奶配方,通过对其pH、酸度、可溶性固形物、持水 力及感官品质的评定,研究燕麦、发酵剂、稳定剂、低聚木糖添加量对大豆酸奶pH、可溶性固形物和感官等品质的影响。 结果表明,燕 麦添加量对结果影响最大,其次为发酵剂,且两水平间存在显著差异(P<0.05)。 最佳燕麦大豆酸奶配方为燕麦添加量6 g/mL,发酵 剂添加量0.6 g/mL,稳定剂添加量1.8 g/mL,低聚木糖添加量4.2 g/mL。 在此条件下制成的燕麦大豆酸奶品质最佳,感官评分为90分。 相似文献