提高胜利100号沥青混合料质量的措施

本文介绍北京沥青混凝土厂使用胜利100号沥青时,在原材料选择、沥青混合料配合比设计及有关技术指标的制订等方面采取的一些技术措施。简述了沥青混凝土路面出现的高温流动变形和低温开裂的机理及对策。重点介绍了有关矿料级配,矿粉用量和沥青用量选择依据等一些经验方法。     

不同填料的沥青混凝土配合比设计的试验研究

在沥青混凝土配合比设计中,矿粉(填料)的选择是关系到沥青混凝土路面质量及其工程造价问题。合理使用填料,就能确保降低路面工程造价和提高沥青混凝土路面的路用性能。试验研究结果表明,使用矿料作填料比使用粉煤灰作填料更经济。     

用碎石屑作细骨料石棉为掺料的水工沥青混凝土配比设计与探讨

为改善和提高沥青混凝土的某些重要性能,在一定的范围内,可以用增加沥青用量来实现,然而,这对沥青混凝土的热稳定性又带来不利影响.以石灰岩碎石屑作细骨料,石棉粉作掺料可提高热稳定性能,但对其他性能又带来不利影响.针对上述问题,根据工程需要,本文系境的进行了试验和分析,对有关问题进行权衡,为水工沥青混凝土的配合比设计提供必要的参考.     

水工沥青混凝土配合比

用于堤坝防渗的水工沥青混凝土具有较高的沥青和矿粉含量,其粗骨料的粒径一般要求较小,并有特定的级配.根据水库的运行情况,防渗面板的防渗层、排水屡、整平胶结层等,应满足不同的结构性能和抗渗性能的要求.本文对防渗面板沥青混凝土的配合比进行了探讨.     

基于灰熵法分析研究矿粉指标对沥青胶浆高温性能的影响

由矿粉和沥青组成的沥青胶浆是沥青混合料的重要组成部分,在工程实践中经常会因为矿粉的改变而导致沥青混合料的路用性能产生很大的变化。基于灰熵法,分析了矿粉的几种指标对沥青胶浆高温性能的影响程度,分析结果表明：矿粉密度、细度、CaCO3含量影响显著,亚甲蓝值次之,亲水系数影响较小,这对于研究和改善沥青胶浆高温性能乃至为有耐高温要求的沥青混凝土设计提供重要的指导作用。     

抽水蓄能电站水工沥青的选择与应用

介绍天荒坪抽水蓄能电站上库沥青混凝土防渗护面工程中水工沥青的选择以及其在沥青混凝土配合比设计、沥青混凝土试摊铺、沥青混凝土施工及质量控制等方面的应用情况。     

以纤维作掺料改善水工沥青混凝土的性能

选用几种纤维作为水工沥青混凝土的掺料，经配合比试验和热稳定与力学性能试验，得出不同品牌纤维对水工沥青混凝土性能的影响，为沥青混凝土配合比设计提供了重要依据。     

矿粉活化改善沥青胶浆性能的研究

石灰石粉粉是目前使用最为广泛的一种矿粉,但由于其存在与沥青相容性差,表面疏松多孔等问题,使得矿粉对沥青的分散能力较差,因此影响到了沥青胶浆的结构形成和沥青混凝土的路用性能,但这一问题并没有得到足够的重视与研究。文中采用粉体活化的方法,制备了活化矿粉,对由活化矿粉组成的沥青胶浆的性能作了的研究,发现通过矿粉活化可以显著提高矿粉的分散性,提高沥青胶浆的软化点和抗老化性能。该结果对于提高沥青混凝土的高温稳定性具有重要的意义。     

寒冷地区沥青混凝土面板防渗层配合比试验研究

分析了配合比参数对防渗层沥青混凝土性能影响的程度，并以峡口工程为例系统地探讨了寒冷地区防渗层配合比试验研究的方法，提出应根据具体工程情况确定关键指标和试验研究路径。     

填充料细度对水工沥青混凝土性能的影响

近年来沥青混凝土作为防渗材料，在我国水工建筑中得到了广泛应用。与道路工程的沥青混凝土不同的是，水工沥青混凝土具有良好的粘弹性及抗渗性。目前，国家规范对填充料的细度尚无明确规定，通过调整沥青混凝土的填充料细工，对沥青混凝土的各项性能进行了系统的试验和分析，研究表明：适宜的填充料细度及掺量，能有效地改善沥青混凝土性能，提高其抗渗性。     

INVESTIGATION OF RHEOLOGICAL AND PHYSICO-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF STRUCTURE -FORMATION COMPONENTS OF ROAD BITUMENS

This paper describes the interrelationship of the structure and properties of bitumen that are necessary for the design of high quality bituminous mixtures.     

Adhesion of Recycled Concrete Aggregates,Demolition Debris,and Asphalt

In this investigation, rolling bottle tests and boiling water tests were conducted to evaluate the effect of different fillers and treatments on the adhesion between recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) and asphalt. The test results when 100% RCA loose mixtures were evaluated indicated that the filler that achieves the best asphalt aggregate bond was grey Portland cement. Curing the mixture in an oven for 4 h at mix temperature before compacting and coating RCA with bitumen emulsion are treatments that achieved satisfactory adhesion results as well.     

INVESTIGATION OF RHEOLOGICAL AND PHYSICO-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF STRUCTURE -FORMATION COMPONENTS OF ROAD BITUMENS

ABSTRACT

This paper describes the interrelationship of the structure and properties of bitumen that are necessary for the design of high quality bituminous mixtures.     

塔里木盆地志留系沉积构造及沥青砂岩的特征

研究了塔里木盆地志留系的沉积特征、构造特征与演化,以及沥青砂岩在志留系的分布规律。塔中地区志留系在纵向上分为三个储盖组合。塔中、塔北及柯坪三大古隆起控制着沥青砂岩的分布。在塔中地区志留系沥青砂岩主要分布在五个次级构造带上,塔北地区的均分布在晚加里东期的区域隆起部位。研究还表明,塔里木盆地志留系沥青砂岩的分布均受控于泥岩盖层和物性,两种情况都说明这些沥青砂岩主要为古油气藏破坏的产物。志留系砂岩中沥青分布在微观上有两种赋存状态:一种是块状,另一种是浸染状。在偏光镜下,可分为油质沥青(晚期)和胶质—沥青质沥青(早期)两种,两者常常共存,含量为互补关系。     

STRATIGRAPHIC CORRELATION AND SOURCE ROCK CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BALUTI FORMATION FROM SELECTED WELLS IN THE ZAGROS FOLD BELT,KURDISTAN REGION,NORTHERN IRAQ

The Upper Triassic Baluti Formation has been identified and mapped based on its log response in selected wells from the Zagros foldbelt in the Kurdistan Region of northern Iraq. A preliminary evaluation of the formation's source rock potential was made by Rock-Eval screening analysis in four wells along a NW-SE profile (Atrush-1, Shaikan-5B, Taq Taq-22 and Miran-2) with maturity determined from reflectance measurements in samples from well Taq Taq-22. The Baluti Formation consists of thinly interbedded shales, carbonates and anhydrite ranging in thickness from 48 m in well Atrush-1 to 118 m in well Miran-2. The Rock-Eval screening was conducted primarily on bulk cuttings samples plus selected picked cuttings. The TOC content is low to moderate (0.23 to 1.14 wt%). However, the shale content in many of the analysed bulk samples was relatively low, making assessment of the source potential problematic. The highest TOCs are recorded from the thickest analysed sections from wells Miran-2 and Taq Taq-22, where high-gamma bituminous shales are present. Rock-Eval T_max values ranging from 295 to 438°C are not consistent with estimates of pre-Zagros burial to depths of between 4600 m (Atrush-1) and 6900 m (Miran-2). The relatively low T_max values suggest that the S2 response does not reflect kerogen pyrolysis in these samples and may be due to the presence of solid bitumen, which is observed in the Baluti Formation in at least three of the study wells (Taq Taq-22, Miran-2 and Shaikan-5B). Little pyrolysable organic matter remains in the formation due to the interpreted deep pre-Zagros burial and the consequent high maturity in Taq Taq-22 (VR = 1.51%R_o) and Miran-2 (estimated VR >2%R_o), and the poor source character in Atrush-1 and Shaikan-5B. Organic petrography suggests the presence of vestiges of Types I and II kerogen in Taq Taq-22, with bitumen observed as stains in the matrix of the shales and also in the pores and fractures of interbedded dolostones. However, bitumen reflectance determinations for Taq Taq-22 indicate an equivalent vitrinite reflectance maturity of no more than 0.93%R_o, which is significantly less than that of the indigenous vitrinite, implying the solid bitumen in this well is derived primarily from migrated hydrocarbons. Further detailed analysis is required, but the results suggest that the Baluti Formation may have sourced hydrocarbons in its depocentre which is identified in this study as covering a NW-SE trending area between Bekhme and Sangaw.     

EFFECTS OF THE BITUMEN POLAR FRACTIONS ON THE STABILITY OF BITUMEN AQUEOUS DISPERSIONS

The flocculation of aqueous bitumen emulsion during transportation and processing depends mostly on the electrical properties of bitumen-water interface. The aim of this study is to show how such interface is affected by the resins/asphaltenes ratio (r/a) of the bitumen. Our results indicate that the r/a controls the interfacial composition and the stability of the bitumen droplets in a water-continuous medium. Moreover, it is shown that the r/a is primarily responsible for maintaining diffusion of polar components inside the bitumen droplet. Such non-equilibrium behavior of various bitumen polar components takes place during the dispersion manufacturing and/or maturation phase. In this work, the asphaltenes and resins contents of a bitumen series were determined. In addition, the acid-base properties of the same bitumen series were studied by non-aqueous potentiometric titration method. The nature and the amount of acidic and basic functionaliti present in the bitumen were evaluated by comparison with the acid-base model compounds such as carboxylic acid, benzoic acid and pyridine. Furthermore, the interfacial properties of the acidic aqueous bitumen dispersions were studied by contact-angle and zeta potential measurements. The overall results indicate that stable bitumens dispersions are obtained with bitumens having high values of the resins/asphaltenes ratios.     

EFFECTS OF THE BITUMEN POLAR FRACTIONS ON THE STABILITY OF BITUMEN AQUEOUS DISPERSIONS

The flocculation of aqueous bitumen emulsion during transportation and processing depends mostly on the electrical properties of bitumen-water interface. The aim of this study is to show how such interface is affected by the resins/asphaltenes ratio (r/a) of the bitumen. Our results indicate that the r/a controls the interfacial composition and the stability of the bitumen droplets in a water-continuous medium. Moreover, it is shown that the r/a is primarily responsible for maintaining diffusion of polar components inside the bitumen droplet. Such non-equilibrium behavior of various bitumen polar components takes place during the dispersion manufacturing and/or maturation phase. In this work, the asphaltenes and resins contents of a bitumen series were determined. In addition, the acid-base properties of the same bitumen series were studied by non-aqueous potentiometric titration method. The nature and the amount of acidic and basic functionaliti present in the bitumen were evaluated by comparison with the acid-base model compounds such as carboxylic acid, benzoic acid and pyridine. Furthermore, the interfacial properties of the acidic aqueous bitumen dispersions were studied by contact-angle and zeta potential measurements. The overall results indicate that stable bitumens dispersions are obtained with bitumens having high values of the resins/asphaltenes ratios.     

道路沥青条形试件的缩裂试验

介绍了一种沥青条形试件的收缩试验方法,条形试件模拟沥青路面低裂缝发生情况,它的开裂与路面实际开裂相似,用七种沥肝进行了试验,结果表明,这种方法比较直观,有参考价值。