磁性Ag~+/有机5A沸石复合抗菌剂制备及其性能

分别采用回流法和水热合成法制备了铁酸钴(CoFe2O4)磁流体和5A沸石,再将二者复合制成CoFe2O4载量不同的磁性5A沸石,然后利用离子交换法制备Ag+载量不同的磁性银型5A沸石,接着与有机抗菌剂复合生成磁性Ag+/有机5A沸石复合抗菌剂,对其形貌、粒度、磁性能、抗菌性能及用于含菌废水处理后的磁分离回收性能进行了研究。结果表明,CoFe2O4的晶粒尺寸为12.7nm,性能稳定,具良好的超顺磁性;5A沸石多为完整的立方体晶形,纳米级CoFe2O4附着在5A沸石表面,磁性5A沸石具有超顺磁性,当铁酸钴的载量为25%时,磁性5A沸石的饱和磁化强度Ms为17.842A·m2/kg,剩余磁化强度Mr为4.8257A.m2/kg,矫顽力Hci为0.427T;当Ag+的吸附量达到271.71mg/g,有机抗菌剂添加量达到3.5%时,复合抗菌剂对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抗菌率分别为99.02%和99.17%;磁性银型5A沸石用于含菌废水处理后,利用磁分离技术极易将悬浮液中的抗菌剂进行回收,当CoFe2O4载量为25%时,磁性5A沸石复合抗菌剂的磁分离回收率达到96.14%。     

载银锌4A沸石抗菌剂抗变色性能的研究

通过调整抗菌剂中银、锌离子的含量,研究了载银锌4A沸石抗菌剂的抗变色性能.利用ICPS测定了样品的银、锌含量,通过XRD、IR、TEM表征了抗菌剂的结构和形貌,并对其抗变色性能和抗菌性能进行了测试和分析.结果表明,减少ZLSZ抗菌剂中银离子(Ag )的含量,增加锌离子(Zn2 )的含量,抗菌剂样品的抗菌性能变化不大,而抗变色性能却大幅度提高.从抗菌剂的成本、抗菌性能和抗变色性能等方面综合考虑,载银锌4A沸石抗菌剂中,银含量为0.41wt%,锌含量为3.83wt%为宜.     

磁性γ-Fe2O3/聚(苯乙烯-二乙烯苯)复合材料的制备及性能研究

以苯乙烯(St)、二乙烯苯(DVB)为共聚单体、MAA为功能单体,以十二烷基笨磺酸钠(SDBS)和油酸(OA)为双层表面活性剂修饰的磁性γ-Fe2O3为磁性来源,制备表面亲水性的磁性无机-有机复合材料.详细探讨了功能单体MAA对磁性复合材料中磁含量和复合材料表面亲水性能的影响.分别用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、光学显微镜(OM)、热重分析仪(TGA)及吸水率对磁性复合材料的形貌、磁性粒子分布情况、磁含量、表面亲水性等进行表征.结果表明,随着MAA浓度的增加,磁性复合粒子的粒径变小且分布变窄,复合材料的磁含量增加和表面亲水性增强.SEM和OM测试表明,磁性聚合物复合粒子球形度好且粒径分布变窄,磁性复合材料的稳定性好,磁粉含量高达17.81%.     

银负载纳米氧化亚铜沸石复合物的制备和抗菌性能

以葡萄糖为还原剂,聚乙二醇PEG400为模板,采用液相还原法制备沸石-纳米氧化亚铜复合体,采用络合浸渍法制备不同载银量的银掺杂氧化亚铜沸石,考察银的负载量对物质结构和抗菌性能的影响。运用X射线衍射、SEM等方法对复合抗菌剂进行了分析表征,结果表明,不同掺银量的沸石/Cu_2O样品除了有立方晶系Cu_2O的衍射峰外,还出现了少量面心立方结构Ag的衍射峰;随着银掺杂量的提高,Cu_2O粒径逐渐降低,而银纳米颗粒粒径有所增加;采用滤纸片法和倍数稀释法分别测定了抑菌环直径和抑菌剂的最小抑菌浓度,研究银掺杂氧化亚铜沸石抗菌性能。结果表明,载银量为1%、3%和3%+2%的银掺杂氧化亚铜沸石抗菌剂对大肠杆菌E.coli、金黄色葡萄球菌S.aureus和枯草芽孢杆菌B.subtilis均具有一定的抗菌性能,其中载银量为3%的银掺杂氧化亚铜沸石复合物的抗菌效果较强;载银量为3%的银掺杂氧化亚铜沸石复合物对E.coli的抑菌效果较明显,最小抑菌浓度MIC为7.2μg/mL,而对S.aureus和B.subtilis的最小抑菌浓度分别为24和18μg/mL。     

P(St-co-AA)与 Fe3O4纳米粒自组装制备高分子磁微球

用微乳液聚合法制备了粒径均匀的聚苯乙烯-丙烯酸高分子微球P(St-co-AA),与共沉淀法所制纳米Fe3O4通过静电作用,使两种微球自组装成高磁含量的磁性微球[Fe3O4/P(St-co-AA)].采用XRD、TEM、SEM、IR等对样品进行表征,采用VSM对样品进行磁性能测试.结果表明P(St-co-AA)平均粒径约为70nm,表面含有羧基;所得磁粉为Fe3O4单相,平均粒径约为10nm.磁性能测试表明,当外加磁场为1.5×106/π(A/m)时,磁化强度达到饱和,饱和磁化强度为69A·m2·kg-1;自组装所制高分子磁性微球为球形,平均粒径约800nm,磁粉含量为15.8%.研究表明,pH值、搅拌等对复合磁性微球的形成有重要影响.     

Fe3O4 包覆聚苯乙烯磁性微球的制备及性能

为研究一种应用于磁稳定流化床反应器的新型高分子磁性微球的制备方法及性能,采用悬浮聚合法制备了Fe_3O_4纳米粒子包覆聚苯乙烯磁性微球,研究了搅拌速率、加入磁性Fe_3O_4纳米粒子的时间等因素对复合微球粒径及性能的影响,运用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)、热重(TGA)等测试手段,表征了磁性聚苯乙烯微球的形貌特征、结构、粒径、磁学性能及Fe_3O_4的包覆量.实验结果表明:在搅拌转速为600 r/min,80℃保温10 min加入修饰Fe_3O_4纳米粒子,制备所得的磁性聚苯乙烯微球为粒径分布均匀的球状微粒;Fe_3O_4的包覆量达到5%,最高饱和磁化强度为3.73 emu/g,具有较好的超顺磁性,可应用于磁稳定流化床反应器.     

磁性壳聚糖复合微球的制备和性能研究

本文采用乳化交联法制备了可附载放射性核素的磁靶向药物载体-磁性壳聚糖复合微球.考察了壳聚糖浓度、Fe3O4/壳聚糖质量比及搅拌速度等因素对磁性壳聚糖微球粒径、粒径分布以及形貌等对复合过程的影响,确定了制备高磁响应性的磁性壳聚糖的最佳条件,并借助不同手段对磁性壳聚糖的粒径、粒径分布、形貌及磁性能进行了初步表征.     

磁性聚乙烯醇微球的制备及其性质

采用分散聚合法,在Fe3O4磁流体存在下,通过PVA分子单体共聚制备磁性高分子微球.用透射电镜和X射线对磁流体的形貌、粒径进行表征和衍射分析,同时借助于显微拍照和红外光谱,对磁性微球的微观形貌和化学成分进行了研究.通过对比磁性微球的磁响应性及粒径,研究了反应温度、搅拌速度、聚乙烯醇用量、盐酸用量等操作因素对磁性微球性质的影响.结果表明,在70 ℃操作温度、750 r/min的搅拌速度,5ml 9%PVA和0.5 ml 37%盐酸条件下能制备出粒径在8～44 μm之间、具有良好磁响应性、表面富含羟基和羧基等官能团的磁性聚乙烯醇微球.     

高分子季铵盐型抗菌塑料的制备和抗菌性能

采用共价键合方法将高分子季铵盐接枝在纳米SiO2粉体表面,其抗细菌效果与无机载银抗菌剂相当,对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的最小抑菌浓度分别为100 mg/L和1500 mg/L.使用抗菌剂母粒化法将其添加到聚乙烯(PE)中制备抗菌塑料,抗菌粉体均匀分散在塑料的外层,平均粒径为200 nm.抗菌塑料对细菌和霉菌的抗菌效果都非常显著,其防霉性能明显优于由无机载银抗菌剂制备的抗菌塑料.抗菌塑料人工老化处理不会使其抗菌效果明显下降,具有良好的抗菌长效性和稳定性.     

FeNi@SiO2磁性纳米复合粒子的制备及磁热性能

大量制备磁热性能优异的磁性纳米粒子对磁热疗和组织复温的生物学应用具有理论价值.本研究通过高温电弧法制备FeNi磁性纳米颗粒,通过超声-沉降分级筛分得到平均粒径为80 nm的FeNi纳米颗粒,通过溶胶-凝胶法得到平均粒径为100 nm,SiO2壳层厚度为15～20 nm的FeNi@SiO2纳米复合粒子.超导量子干涉仪测定...     

用CoFe2O4纳米粒子改性羰基铁粉磁流变液

用反相微乳法制备出了粒径和矫顽力不同的CoFe2O4纳米粒子,并将其添加到传统的羰基铁粉MR液中,研究了CoFe2O4纳米粒子的静磁特性和用量对改性MR液性能的影响.结果表明改性的羰基铁粉MR液的磁致剪切应力随CoFe2O4纳米粒子的粒径减少和矫顽力增大而显著提高,随CoFe2O4纳米粒子用量的增加在1.2%时取得最大值;并用MR液的结构模型解释了这些实验现象.     

Preparation and Antibacterial Activity of Three-component NiFe_2O_4@PANI@Ag Nanocomposite

A new three-component and magnetically responsive NiFe_2O_4@PANI@Ag nanocomposite has been fabricated by coating of nickel ferrite,NiFe_2O_4,nanoparticles with polyaniline(PANI) and subsequent immobilization of silver nanoparticles onto the surface of polyaniline shell.The as-prepared nanocomposite has been characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM).The saturation magnetization of the NiFe_2O_4core decreases dramatically after coating with polyaniline and silver nanoparticles,however,the nanocomposite NiFe_2O_4@PANI@Ag can be still separated from solution media through magnetic decantation.The antibacterial activity of the synthesized nanocomposite was studied and compared with those of naked NiFe_2O_4,NiFe_2O_4@PANI and some standard antibacterial drugs.     

不同氧氩比例对氧化硅(SiO2)薄膜的结构及性能的影响

在不同氧氩比例气氛下,采用反应直流磁控溅射方法制备了SiO2薄膜.利用X射线衍射（XRD）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）、原子力显微镜（AFM）和紫外可见光谱（UV-Visible spectrum）等研究了氧氩比例的不同对SiO2薄膜的晶体结构、化学配比、表面形貌和光学性能的影响.结果显示：室温下,不同氧氩比例的SiO2薄膜都为非晶结构;随着氧分量的增加,Si2p与O1s向高结合能方向移动;在氧分量较大的气氛下,SiO2薄膜的化学失配度较小,薄膜均匀,致密,在400-1100nm有良好的光透过性.     

Structural analysis of graphene oxide/silver nanocomposites: optical properties,electrochemical sensing and photocatalytic activity

In the present study, graphene oxide/silver (GO/Ag) nanocomposites were synthesized via a facile simple one pot chemical reduction method using ethylene glycol/sodium borohydrate (EG/NaBH₄) as solvent and reducing agent. GO was selected as a substrate and stabilizer to prepare GO/Ag nanocomposites. The synthesized GO/Ag nanocomposites were characterized by a series of techniques. Highly monodispersed stable crystalline silver nanoparticles having a face-centered cubic (fcc) phase were confirmed by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) on GO signature. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that Ag nanoparticles are deposited on the GO sheet with a narrow size distribution. Transmission electron microscopy observations revealed that large numbers of Ag nanoparticles were uniformly distributed on GO sheet and well separated with an average size of 18 nm. Ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopic results showed the peak of GO and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of Ag nanoparticles. The SPR property of GO/Ag nanocomposites showed that there was an interaction between Ag nanoparticles and GO sheet. The intensities of the Raman signal of GO/Ag nanocomposites are gradually increased with attachment of Ag nanoparticles i.e. there is surface-enhanced Raman scattering activity. Electrochemical investigations indicated that the nanocomposites possessed an excellent performance for detecting towards 4-nitrophenol. An application of the obtained GO/Ag nanocomposites as a catalyst in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol by NaBH₄ was demonstrated. The GO/Ag nanocomposites exhibited high activity and stability for the catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol. The prepared GO/Ag nanocomposites act as photo-catalysts.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备Sr掺杂La_(9.33-2x/3)Sr_x(SiO_4)_6O_2及其导电性研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法于900℃成功合成了Sr掺杂的La9.33-2x/3Srx(SiO4)6O2前驱粉体,然后于1450℃烧结成陶瓷样品。利用X射线粉末衍射和环境扫描电镜对材料的物相和形貌进行了分析和表征,结果表明合成产物为磷灰石相,烧结后样品晶体颗粒比较均匀,有较好的致密度。采用交流阻抗谱研究了材料的导电性,发现Ln位阳离子空位比Ln位阳离子掺杂对材料电导率的影响更大,合适的Ln位阳离子空位更有利于提高材料的电导率。     

Silver nanoparticles/montmorillonite composites prepared using nitrating reagent at water and glycerol

Three procedures (P) were applied to prepare silver nanoparticles on natural Ca-montmorillonite (MT). The intercalation of the montmorillonite with silver nitrate in aqueous solution (P1), the intercalation of the montmorillonite with silver nitrate in glycerol (P2) and the successive combination of both P1 and P2 methods resulted to P3 method. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and the molecular modeling were employed to characterize silver nanoparticles and montmorillonite nanocomposite. The P1 produced MT-1 composite with 2.3 wt% Ag and the partially collapsed layered structure. Nanoparticles of silver larger than 20 nm with a lot of planar defects were randomly distributed on the MT-1 surface; nanoparticles smaller than 20 nm were oriented to the montmorillonite substrate. The MT-2 composite from P2 contained only 1 wt% of Ag. The molecular simulation model of MT-2 showed the interlayer space with the exchangeable cations and metallic silver atoms arrangement within the glycerol bilayer. The P3 produced composite MT-3 that contained 2.4 wt% Ag. The nanoparticles > 20 nm size had a well-defined geometry, very small nanoparticles were amorphous. The modeled structure showed the exchangeable cations, Ag+ and Ag0 located close to the silicate layers and monolayer of glycerol molecules in the interlayer space.     

微波吸收复合材料Ag/NiFe2-xCexO4的制备与表征

用水热法分别制备了镍铁氧体粉末(NiFe2O4)及其单质银复合、Ce^3+掺杂镍铁氧体粉末(Ag/NiFe2-xCexO4)复合物。用粉末X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)和矢量网络分析仪(VAN)等分别表征了产物的结构、形貌、电磁性能。结果表明,水热法一步可制备出Ag/NiFe2-xCexO4复合物,Ag/NiFe2-xCexO4复合物的组分之间存在一定的相互作用;通过银单质复合与铈离子掺杂对铁氧体的比饱和磁化强度影响较大,但对矫顽力影响不大。与单一组分相比,Ag/NiFe2-xCexO4复合物表现出更优良的微波吸收性能,当x=0.08时,s11(Ag/NiFe1.92Ce0.08O4)=-22.80 dB,s12(Ag/NiFe1.92Ce0.08O4)=-4.04 dB。通过掺杂与复合其介电损耗和磁损耗都有提高,介电损耗提高更明显,是颇具应用前景的微波吸收材料。     

SiO_2包覆P(St-4VP)纳米复合粒子的制备与表征

使用功能化的共单体4-乙烯基吡啶(4VP)与苯乙烯共聚,合成了聚(苯乙烯-共-4-乙烯基吡啶)(P(St-4VP))粒子。在NH_4OH/乙醇碱性介质中,溶胶-凝胶法生成的SiO_2纳米粒子包覆在P(St-4VP)粒子表面,得到SiO_2包覆P(St-4VP)纳米复合粒子。随4VP组分增加,所制备的P(St-4VP)/SiO_2纳米复合粒子的壳层表面变得粗糙。P(St-4VP)粒子数随PVP用量增加而增加,因此纳米复合粒子的平均尺寸随PVP用量增加而下降,同时随PVP用量增加形成较平滑的SiO_2壳层。NH_4OH和正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)用量增加,复合粒子的SiO_2壳层表面粗糙程度提高。此外,复合粒子的SiO_2壳层厚度随TEOS用量增加而增加。     

Characterization of silver nanoparticles synthesized on titanium dioxide fine particles

Silver nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution were synthesized over the surface of two different commercial TiO(2) particles using a simple aqueous reduction method. The reducing agent used was NaBH(4); different molar ratios TiO(2):Ag were also used. The nanocomposites thus prepared were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), x-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and UV-visible (UV-vis) absorption spectroscopy; the antibacterial activity was assessed using the standard microdilution method, determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) according to the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. From the microscopy studies (TEM and STEM) we observed that the silver nanoparticles are homogeneously distributed over the surface of TiO(2) particles and that the TiO(2):Ag molar ratio plays an important role. We used three different TiO(2)Ag molar ratios and the size of the silver nanoparticles is 10, 20 and 80?nm, respectively. It was found that the antibacterial activity of the nanocomposites increases considerably comparing with separated silver nanoparticles and TiO(2) particles.     

TiO2 nanoparticles co-doped with silver and nitrogen for antibacterial application

We have prepared a series of TiO2 nanoparticles for antibacterial applications. These TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared by the hydrolysis precipitation method with Ti(OBu)4, silver nitrate and ammonia. Crystal structure, particle size, interfacial structure and UV-visible light response of the prepared nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction measurements (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis-DRs). The XRD spectra showed that all samples were anatase structure calcined at 450 degrees C for 3 hours. The Ag doping made the peak of diffraction wider. The results of TEM showed that the nanoparticles of TiO2, N-TiO2 and 1% Ag-N-TiO2 were all spherical in shape and well distributed with a mean size of 19.8 nm, 39.2 nm and 20.7 nm, respectively. N doping caused the nanoparticle size to increase, while, when the doped amount of Ag+ increased, the TiO2 particle size decreased. The FTIR revealed that Ag and N doping of TiO2 appeared to have strong absorption by -OH group and showed the characteristic absorption band of NH4+ and Ag. The UV-Vis-DRs indicated that the absorption band of Ag-N co-doped TiO2 had red shift and that the optical absorption response (between 400 nm and 700 nm) had obvious enhancement. The antibacterial properties of nanoparticles were investigated by agar diffusion method toward Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. The results indicated that both Ag- and N-doped TiO2 could increase the antibacterial properties of TiO2 nanoparticles under fluorescent light irradiation. A 1% Ag-N-TiO2 had the highest antibacterial activity with a clear antibacterial circle of 33.0 mm toward Escherichia coli and 22.8 mm toward Bacillus subtilis after cultivation for 24 hours.