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通过调查问卷结合实际测试,研究了大连地区过渡季节民用住宅室内热湿环境状况,分析了建筑围护结构的保温性、蓄热性、住宅形式、位置和朝向等因素对室内温湿度以及居住者热湿感觉的影响,为了解目前北方地区现有住宅过渡季节室内热湿环境状况提供了参考. 相似文献
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通风是一种节能、健康的室内环境营造方式,但是通风工况下室内热湿环境指标的研究尚不完善。在研究现行热舒适评价标准和居住建筑相关设计标准的基础上,通过对通风条件下热舒适指标的计算分析,建立了通风条件下居住建筑室内热湿环境指标,完善了居住建筑室内热湿环境指标体系。 相似文献
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经过调研得到长江中下游地区(以南京为例)梅雨季节住宅建筑室内热湿状况,并分析3种不同建筑能耗计算模型(整体建筑热湿空气流动耦合模型HAM,传递函数模型CTF,有效湿渗透深度模型EMPD)的准确性。数值模型基于Matlab-Simulink编写,使用调研数据进行验证,进而使用梅雨季节典型气象参数模拟分析。调研结果显示在2013年梅雨季节,多数时间内建筑室内温度高于28℃,相对湿度高于70%。数值模拟结果显示3种能耗模型对室内温度模拟的差异较小,而对室内湿度的模拟存在较大差异,特别是CTF模型误差最大。结果显示在长江中下游地区梅雨季节,当房间换气次数小于2ACH时,围护结构对于室内环境湿缓冲的作用明显,选择合适的吸放湿材料可有效降低建筑能耗30%以上。 相似文献
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室内热湿环境对人体热舒适性与建筑能耗具有重要影响,本文通过对武汉某一普通办公建筑室内热湿环境全年的测量,采用数理统计与傅里叶变换的方法,分别从时域和频域两个方面对室内热湿环境进行分析。时域统计分析结果表明,对于夏季供冷、冬季供热、过渡季通风的武汉普通办公建筑,室内温度基本维持在15~30℃,相对湿度基本维持在35%~75%,室内热湿环境较为稳定,墙体吸湿性材料湿物性参数变化较小,湿传递过程可进行线性化。频率分析结果表明,在空调季室内水蒸气浓度主要呈短周期(日、小时)变化,在通风季主要呈长周期(双月、半月)变化,在计算等效湿渗透厚度时,应综合考虑各周期分量的影响。 相似文献
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室内热湿环境指标是绿色建筑室内环境的重要评价指标之一。由于严寒地区农村冬季室内湿热环境特性突出,居民有绝大部分时间滞留室内,故该组指标对于严寒地区村镇绿色建筑相关指标的确定极为重要。根据严寒地区村庄调研的统计及不同经济基础和区位条件下室内热湿环境指标的特征,参照国内外绿色建筑标准,探索严寒地区农村绿色建筑室内热湿环境指标表征与指标值,提出相应的控制引导策略,为严寒地区村庄室内环境的绿色化建设与人居环境的优化发展提供依据。 相似文献
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结合目前高速公路施工项目招投标活动的实际情况,阐述了最低评标价法的概念,归纳了其优点及存在问题,对完善最低评标价法提出几点策略,以期促进招标投标市场更加规范有序。 相似文献
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This article analyses state-led place-making practices in Melbourne. The two levels of government that influence planning in Melbourne make much of the city as ‘culturally vibrant’ and ‘creative’, and have incorporated creative city-inspired place-making principles into many layers of the planning system. An examination of the development of two mixed-use megaprojects in central Melbourne reveals however that ideals of culturally engaging public places, and indeed of creative landscapes for middle-class consumption, wither in the face of more basic imperatives for economic development. In these case studies the ‘creative city’, no matter how the idea is interpreted, has little traction either as a set of inclusive place-making principles or as a gentrification strategy. The article concludes that the creative city-inspired place-making objectives in the planning system at both state and local levels are ambiguous in their overall intents and completely unsupported by statutory controls. Such place-making objectives as are realised are the compromised results of the interplay of uncoordinated decisions, delivered at the pleasure of the developer. 相似文献
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Vo Thi Yen-Phi Andrea Rechenburg Joachim Clemens 《The Science of the total environment》2010,408(9):2050-2053
Septage is widely acknowledged as a major source of infectious pathogens while disposal of septage, and the operation and maintenance of septic tanks, is not regulated in many developing countries. Twenty untreated septage and septage sludge samples were taken from Can Tho City, Vietnam to examine their pathogen content, and indicator micro-organisms. Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. were detected in all samples, regardless of sludge storage time. Phages were detected in 80% of samples. Salmonella spp. were detected in 70% of the untreated septage and 60% of septage sludge samples. Concentrations of phages and bacteria tested in septage sludge after many years of tank storage were much higher than the expected levels. Helminth ova were present in 95% of untreated septage samples with an average of 450 ova l− 1, and were detected in all septage sludge samples with an average of 16,000 ova l− 1. Twelve varieties of helminth ova were identified. More helminth ova varieties in higher concentrations were found in septage than those reported from stool samples. The varieties' frequency ranged from 10% to 50% and Ascaris lumbricoides predominated. Results show that pathogens and indicator micro-organisms, especially helminth ova, accumulate in sludge. Thus helminth ova should be considered when septage sludge is treated and used for agriculture. Proper health protection measures must be applied for people handling septage. 相似文献
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新时期广东城市化的新特点 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
新时期广东城市化出现以下特点:知识源导向、城市由单体向群体化发展、产业集群推动、政府主导自上而下的集约化发展、城镇化向城市化转变、由重“数量”发展向重“质量”发展的转变。 相似文献
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浅谈我国工程项目建设成本控制存在的问题 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
结合目前我国施工企业工程项目成本管理现状,对工程项目成本管理过程中存在的问题进行了较详细的分析,并提出了一些解决问题的办法,以做好项目成本控制工作,进而增强企业经济实力。 相似文献
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针对由于建筑施工临时用电安全管理的不完善和不规范操作而导致大量工伤事故频频发生的问题,为消除用电安全隐患,对建筑施工临时用电安全管理进行了归纳和分析,并提出了整改意见,以确保现场人员及电气设备的安全运行。 相似文献
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安康市工程施工企业未来几年人才需求调查 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了不断提高工程类专业的办学质量,对安康市区主要施工企业或项目经理部未来几年人才需求状况进行了调查,同时提出相关建议,以期培养更多的该类专业人才,满足施工企业需求。 相似文献
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吐鲁番农村住宅冬季室内热舒适调查研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对吐鲁番57户农村住宅中108名居民的热感觉、热舒适等进行了主观问卷调查,测试了温度、相对湿度等室内外环境参数,运用统计学分析方法对测试与调查结果进行了回归分析。结果表明,吐鲁番农村住宅冬季实测的热中性温度为19.3℃,预测热中性温度为21.2℃;通过两种计算方法获得的热期望温度分别为19.7℃和19.6℃;80%居民可接受的温度范围为15.2~27.4℃。由于受干热干冷的地域气候影响,冬季可接受的最低温度范围明显高于其他地区的农村住宅。 相似文献