静电纺丝纳米纤维的制备工艺及其应用

简述了静电纺丝制备纳米纤维的原理;探讨了静电纺丝电压、流速、接收距离、溶剂浓度等工艺条件;介绍了同轴静电纺丝制备皮芯结构的超细纤维及中空纤维技术以及静电纺丝纳米纤维毡在生物医药方面的应用。指出静电纺丝纳米纤维材料在生物医用方面具有广阔的应用前景,进一步实现低压纺丝、开发无毒溶剂,控制同轴静电纺丝纳米纤维的释放性能是今后静电纺丝的研发方向。     

静电纺丝制备聚丙烯腈纳米碳纤维

利用静电纺丝制备连续的聚丙烯腈纳米碳纤维;介绍了静电纺丝的原理、影响静电纺丝的主要因素以及制备纳米碳纤维、纳米活性炭纤维、纳米碳纤维复合材料的方法和原理;分析了静电纺丝产率低,难以得到单向平铺的纤维等问题,影响静电纺丝的参数主要有溶液特性、纺丝工艺参数、纺丝环境参数。由静电纺丝得到纳米聚丙烯腈纤维,然后再经预氧化和碳化制备纳米碳纤维,或把纳米纤维预氧化,经活化、碳化制备纳米活性炭纤维。并指出纳米碳纤维具有巨大的潜在应用空间。     

静电纺丝制备纳米纤维的进展及应用

简述了静电纺丝的制备原理和影响静电纺丝纤维成形的主要工艺因素;介绍了静电纺丝法制备高分子聚合物、生物大分子、无机物纳米纤维的最新进展,以及这些纳米纤维在过滤、传感器、超疏水性材料、生物医用功能材料、纳米模板等领域的应用;指出静电纺丝制备纳米连续长丝技术亟待发展。     

静电纺丝聚氨酯纤维及在生物医药领域的研究进展

简述了静电纺丝法制备聚氨酯微纳米纤维的成型原理,综述了熔体静电纺丝及溶液静电纺丝聚氨酯微纳米纤维工艺研究进展,最后介绍了静电纺丝聚氨酯微纳米纤维应用于生物医药领域的最新研究进展。     

静电纺丝制备纳米纤维的影响因素研究进展

静电纺丝技术是制备纳米纤维的有效方法之一,影响因素较多,工艺较难控制。本文从纺丝液性质、操作条件、纺丝环境三个方面综述了对静电纺丝制备纳米纤维的影响,最后展望了静电纺丝技术的发展前景。     

静电纺丝纳米纤维在特殊领域的研究现状和应用

综合阐述了静电纺丝制备纳米纤维的工艺变量以及静电纺丝纳米纤维在特殊领域的研究和应用现状。研究表明:静电纺丝是在静电场作用下将聚合物溶液(或熔体)从喷头喷射出制备纳米纤维的工艺过程,纤维直径从几微米到<100nm,具有独特功能的纳米结构,可广泛应用于导电纤维、生物医用高分子材料等特殊领域。     

静电纺丝装置:设计静电纺丝工艺制备纳米纤维

纳米纤维可以产泛用于制备多种材料,如过滤材料、生物传感器、军用防护涂层、三维组织支架、复合材料、药物释放、敷料以及电子器件.为了制备具有所要求物理化学性能的纳米纤维,研究人员提出了多种静电纺丝工艺,如利用特别设计的收集屏、微电机械加工而成的喷嘴以及利用辅助电极稳定纺丝射流;而且,开发新的静电纺丝工艺仍在继续,目的是为了获得某种场合专用的纳米纤维.通过这些工艺,像纤维取向以及纤维网的三维结构等参数最终可以得到控制.讨论了最近提出的静电纺丝工艺,这些工艺可以赋予纤维特定的功能,同时详细叙述了使用的工艺参数与获得的纤维物理性能之间的关系,最后提出了未来的设计方向,即设计出能够制备最佳结构纳米纤维的静电纺丝装置.     

干喷湿法静电纺丝研究进展

介绍了干喷湿法静电纺丝原理;分析了干喷湿法静电纺丝与干法静电纺丝的区别;综述了干喷湿法静电纺丝在制备纤维素、聚苯胺、聚己内酯等超细纤维中的应用研究进展。指出干喷湿法静电纺丝主要适用于不易挥发性溶剂;干喷湿法静电纺丝应进一步改进静电纺丝收集方法或设备,控制适宜的工艺参数,可得到纳米纤维。同时,要加强产业化方面的研发工作。     

静电纺丝制备氟化物纳米纤维研究进展

静电纺丝法是目前能够直接连续制备纳米纤维唯一有效的方法,通过静电纺丝的法制得的纳米纤维具有比表面积大、孔隙率高、长径比大及力学性能好等优点。简述了静电纺丝基本工作原理及重要的工艺影响参数,阐述了静电纺丝制备含氟有机物、金属氟化物和其他各类纳米纤维的研究现状,以及这些纳米纤维材料在诸多领域的实际应用,也指出了静电纺丝技术自身存在的一些问题。     

激光熔体静电纺丝研究进展

简述了静电纺丝法的发展历程及研究概况,比较了溶液静电纺丝法和熔体静电纺丝法的优缺点;详细介绍了激光熔体静电纺丝法的优势,总结了目前激光熔体静电纺丝法制备聚合物及复合物微纳米纤维的工艺条件如激光输出功率、应用电压以及聚合物的物理性质等对纤维直径的影响;简要介绍了线激光熔体静电纺丝装置;指出目前激光熔体静电纺丝法制得的多为...     

Preparation and characterization of polyvinyl borate/polyvinyl alcohol (PVB/PVA) blend nanofibers

In this study, it was aimed to prepare polyvinyl borate/polyvinyl alcohol blend nanofibers by electrospinning process. Polyvinyl borate was synthesized by the condensation reaction of polyvinyl alcohol and boric acid. Polyvinyl borate itself was not suitable for electrospinning process. To improve fiber formation capability, polyvinyl borate was blended with polyvinyl alcohol before electrospinning process. A series of nanofibers with various polyvinyl borate concentrations in polyvinyl alcohol were prepared. Homogeneous and highly porous mat containing 100–250 nm diameter nanofibers were obtained by electrospinning process. According to the FTIR results, boron atoms were found to be integrated into the polymer network. There is not any significant effect of polyvinyl borate content on fiber morphologies according to SEM images. The blend composition with the highest polyvinyl borate content was found to be suitable for thermally stable nanofiber formation according to the TGA results. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

Electrospun polymeric nanofibers for dental applications

Electrospinning is an economical, efficient, and versatile process for the preparation of continuous nanofibers with desired patterns, tailored fiber diameters, and orientations. Since its invention, electrospinning has been utilized to prepare nanofibers from several natural polymers and synthetic polymers for use as scaffolds in tissue engineering, regeneration, and biomedical applications. Furthermore, complex scaffolds were prepared by electrospinning complex polymer solutions formulated by blending natural and synthetic organic polymers with bioceramics and other inorganic molecules. Lately, coaxial electrospinning has emerged as a promising technology in the preparation of drug-loaded biodegradable core-shell structured micro/nanofibers for sustained drug delivery applications. This paper will discuss the basic mechanism of electrospinning, parameters governing the electrospinning process, various materials investigated for use in the electrospinning process, and its recent advances.     

Field-responsive superparamagnetic composite nanofibers by electrospinning

Superparamagnetic polymeric nanofibers were produced via an electrospinning technique from colloidally-stable suspensions of magnetite nanoparticles in polyethylene oxide and polyvinyl alcohol solutions. The magnetite nanoparticles were aligned in columns parallel to the fiber axis direction within the fiber by the electrospinning process. The polymer/magnetite nanofibers exhibited superparamagnetic behavior at room temperature, and deflected in the presence of an applied magnetic field. The mechanical properties of the nanofibers were maintained or improved after incorporating the magnetite nanoparticles.     

Continuous electrospinning of polymer nanofibers of Nylon-6 using an atomic force microscope tip

An atomic force microscopy (AFM) probe is successfully utilized as an electrospinning tip for fabricating Nylon-6 nanofibers. The nanometre-size tip enabled controlled deposition of uniform polymeric nanofibers within a 1 cm diameter area. Nylon-6 nanofibers were continuously electrospun at a solution concentration as low as 1 wt% Nylon-6 in 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP). Wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results of the AFM electrospun fibers indicated that the nanofibers predominantly display the meta-stable γ crystalline form suggesting rapid crystallization rate during the process. In addition to precise control over fiber deposition and diameter, some of the drawbacks of conventional electrospinning such as large volume of solutions and clogging of needles can be overcome using this AFM based electrospinning technique. Lastly, a comparison of electrospun fibers from syringe-needle based electrospinning and AFM probe-tip based electrospinning indicated significant morphological and microstructural differences in the case of AFM based electrospinning.     

溶剂与表面活性剂对醋酸丁酸纤维素静电纺丝的影响

应用静电纺丝法制备了醋酸丁酸纤维素纳米纤维。利用扫描电子显微镜探讨了不同的溶剂体系和表面活性剂对纺丝过程及纳米纤维形态的影响。试验结果表明:醋酸-丙酮混合溶剂体系有利于纺丝过程的顺利进行和获得平滑无珠节的纳米纤维,而添加表面活性剂则有助于减小纤维直径和获得粗细均匀的纤维形态。     

Blow-assisted multi-jet electrospinning of poly-L-lactic acid nanofibers

Regardless the low production rate, electrospinning remains the attractive technique for the nanofibers production in various fields. Thus, the development of a multi-jet technologies for electrospinning gives an opportunity to scale up and increase throughput of the fibers production. However, the multi-jet electrospinning technologies exhibit one major drawback– electrostatic mutual jet repulsion issue. In present research, we propose air blow-assisted multi-jet electrospinning system allowing production of nanofibers with yield, at least, tenfold higher than single jet electrospinning. The system produces nanofibers in two modes: multi-jet electrospinning and blow-assisted multi-jet electrospinning. In case of the latter, the application of sheath air stream allows the system to overcome the electrostatic mutual repulsion issue. These lead to the reduction of deviation of the polymer solution jets, the reduction of instabilities of the jets and the improvement of the control of the nanofibers deposition. Nanofibers morphology and size were investigated based on the scanning electron microscope micrographs. The comparison of the two modes shows changes in nanofibers morphology from beaded structure to fine nanofibers, and the slight increase in fiber mean size when the blowing assistance was applied to the process.     

Processing of continuous poly(amide‐imide) nanofibers by electrospinning

Continuous poly(amide‐imide) nanofibers were fabricated using a novel electrospinning method with rotating and re‐collecting cylindrical collectors. The nanofilaments were modified using various post‐treatments, i.e. glycerol treatment and thermal imidization under tension, for possible application as high‐performance reinforcements. Morphological and mechanical properties of continuous poly(amide‐imide) nanofibers prepared by the electrospinning process and various post‐treatments were measured. Severe adhesion between individual nanofibers within fiber bundles was inhibited through surface treatment of the electrospun nanofiber bundles by spraying with glycerol. The morphological and mechanical properties of the continuous poly(amide‐imide) nanofibers and thermal stability were improved using thermal imidization at high temperature under tension. The morphological and mechanical properties of the continuous electrospun nanofibers were improved significantly by post‐treatments after electrospinning because uniform and complete thermal imidization occurred through the core region of the nanofibers. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

静电纺丝技术的研究及应用

介绍了静电纺丝的装置、静电纺丝基本原理及影响纤维成形与纤维形貌的各种因素,同时叙述了静电纺丝在过滤材料、生物医学工程、电学和光学、催化剂载体材料方面的应用。最后对静电纺丝发展方向进行了展望。