7－（苯偶氮）－8－羟基喹啉－5－磺酸钠光度法测定铝

研究了７－（苯偶氮）－８－羟基喹啉－５－磺酸钠光度法测定铝（Ⅲ）的实验条件及反应机理。该显色剂在ｐＨ４．２水溶液中呈红色，λｍａｘ＝５２０ｎｍ，与铝（Ⅲ）形成配合物后呈黄色。其配合比为１：３，最大吸收峰为λｍａｘ＝４３５ｎｍ。测得摩尔吸光系数ε４３５＝１．６７×１０４Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１。该方法灵敏度好，在０．００～８．００μｇ／１０ｍＬ范围内符合比尔定律，方法简便，稳定性好。用于钢中铝的测定结果满意。     

新荧光试剂5－（4＇－硝基－2＇－羧基苯基偶氮）－2－硫代－4－噻唑啉酮的合成及其应用研究

报道了５－（４＇－硝基－２＇－羧基苯基偶氮）－２－硫代－４－噻唑啉酮（４ＮＲＡＣＰ）的合成。经柱层析提纯，用元素分析、ＩＲ、１ＨＮＭＲ和ＭＳ确证了其结构，研究了荧光性质，发现该试剂在溴代十六烷吡啶存在下，在无水乙醇溶液中与Ｅｕ（Ⅲ）形成稳定的荧光螯合物，λｅｘ／λｅｍ＝２９０ｎｍ／３４０ｎｍ，其线性范围为１．０×１０－８～１．０×１０－６ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１，检测限为１．５×１０－１０ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１。测定了人工合成样品中的铕，结果满意。     

新试剂4－（5－硝基－2－吡啶偶氮）－间苯二酚分光光度法测定人发中的微量锌

用新试剂４－（５－硝基－２－吡啶偶氮）－间苯二酚（５－ＮＯ２－ＰＡＲ）分光光度法测定了人发中微量锌。络合物的表观摩尔吸光系数为１．１９×１０５Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１。络合比为Ｚｎ２＋：５－ＮＯ２－ＰＡＲ＝１：２。标准加入的回收率在９６％～１０５％之间。方法用于人发中锌含量的测定，结果令人满意。     

固定化细胞生产L－苹果酸新工艺及动力学研究

对产氨短杆菌ＭＡ－２固定化细胞在富马酸铵体系中转化生成Ｌ－苹果酸的优化工艺条件做了探讨，结果表明，富马酸铵浓度为１．８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ｐＨ７．０～８．０，反应温度为３７℃时，Ｌ－苹果酸得率达２００ｇ／Ｌ左右。同时，对固定化细胞的动力学进行了研究，结果为：ｒ（ｍａｘ）＝５８ｍｍｏｌ／（Ｌ·ｈ·ｇ固定化湿细胞）），Ｋｍ＝６．２５×１Ｏ￣（－２）ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，Ｐ＿ｍ＝１．５６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ     

Rh（Ⅲ）－TAC－CTMAB体系分光光度法测定Rh的研究

研究了在阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（ＣＴＭＡＢ）存在下，用２－（２一噻唑偶氮）－对甲酚（ＴＡＣ），在ｐＨ５．０的ＨＡｃ－ＮａＡｃ缓冲液中分光光度法测定Ｒｈ。Ｒｈ（Ⅲ）与ＴＡＣ的络合比为１：１，表观摩尔吸光系数为ε６８０ｎｍ＝１．２５×１０４Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１，在１．２～８μｇ／１０ｍＬ范围内符合比尔定律。方法的特征灵敏度为０．０８５μｇ／ｍＬ（１％吸收）。试验了贵金属及常见金属的干扰情况，并研究了干扰消除的方法，ＥＤＴＡ的加入可以消除一定量的Ｃｕ、Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ、Ｚｎ的干扰。对催化剂试样的分析结果令人满意，变异系数均小于３％。     

固定化黄色短杆菌生产L－苹果酸新工艺及动力学研究

研究了固定化黄色短杆菌ＭＡ－３在富马酸盐体系中转化生成Ｌ－苹果酸的新工艺，研究结果表明当富马酸铵盐浓度为１．８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，体系ｐＨ为７．０～８．０，反应温度为３７℃时，Ｌ－苹果酸的得率达２１６ｇ／Ｌ。对固定化黄色短杆菌的动力学研究结果为Ｖｍａｘ＝７６ｍｍｏｌ／［Ｌ·ｈ·ｇ（固定化湿细胞）］，Ｋｍ＝４．７６×１０－２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，Ｃｐｍ＝１．６９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。     

新荧光试剂3─苯基─5─（4′─硝基─2′─羧基苯偶氮）─2─硫代─4─噻唑啉酮的合成及其应用研究

报道了新荧光试剂３－苯基－５－（４′－硝基－２′－羧基苯偶氮）－２－硫代－４－噻唑啉酮（３Ｐ－４ＮＲＡＣＰ）的合成，通过元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振谱及质谱确证了其结构。在ｐＨ５．６时，它与铜（Ⅱ）形成稳定的荧光螫合物，在γｅｘ／λｅｍ＝３０５ｎｍ／４０５ｎｍ处产生强荧光，其荧光强度与铜（Ⅱ）的浓度在１．５７×１０－１０～１．８９×１０－８ｍｏｌ／２５ｍＬ范围内呈线性关系，灵敏度达１．５７×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／ｇ的铜（Ⅱ）。用此方法测定了杂交米、糯米及香米中的痕量铜（Ⅱ），结果满意。     

新试剂meso－四（3－氯－4－磺基苯）卟啉光度法测定痕量钯的研究

研究了新试剂ｍｅｓｏ－四（３－氯－４－磺基苯）卟啉（ｍ－ＣｌＴＰＰＳ４）与钯的显色条件，建立了一种高灵敏光度法测钯的方法。在适当条件下，Ｐｄ（Ⅱ）与ｍ－ＣｌＴＰＰＳ４形成稳定的１∶１（Ｍ∶Ｌ）配合物，其最大吸收波长为４１４ｎｍ，表观摩尔吸光系数可达１．９×１０５Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１。该方法应用于催化剂中痕量钯的测定。     

新试剂2－（5－硝基－2－吡啶偶氮）－5－二乙氨基苯酚与铌配合物的分光光度法研究

研究了新试剂２－（５－硝基－２－吡啶偶氮）－５－二乙氨基苯酚（５－ＮＯ２－ＰＡＤＡＰ）与Ｎｂ（Ｖ）分光光度性质。在含０．０８ｍｏｌ／ＬＨ２ＳＯ４的水－乙醇介质中，Ｎｂ（Ｖ）能与５－ＮＯ２－ＰＡＤＡＰ进行灵敏的显色反应，形成１：１的深色配合物，最大吸收波长为６１０ｎｍ，摩尔吸光系数为９．５９×１０４Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１，铌在０～５０μｇ／２５ｍＬ范围内服从比尔定律，本法体系简单，操作简便快速；选择性好；常见元素允许量较大，８倍量的钽存在不产生干扰。用于矿样中微量铌的测定，结果令人满意。     

PAN－S与镉的显色反应及其应用

本文研究了１－（２－吡啶偶氮）－２－萘酚－磺酸（ＰＡＮ－Ｓ）与镉的显色条件．在ｐＨ为１０的缓冲介质中显色，配合物的最大吸收峰位于５３６ｎｍ波长处，表现摩尔吸光系数ε＝２．９×１０４Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１．镉量在０～５０μｇ／２５ｍＬ范围内符合比耳定律．用巯基棉分离水中的常见离子富集镉，选择性好．本方法用于工厂排放水中微量镉的测定，结果今人满意．     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。