热固/塑性树脂基复合材料的市场和应用

1.热固性树脂基复合材料热固性树脂基复合材料是指以热固性树脂,如不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、乙烯基酯树脂等为基体,以玻璃纤维、碳纤维、芳纶纤维、超高分子量聚乙烯纤维等为增强材料制成的复合材料。     

透波性混杂纤维复合材料性能与应用

研究了透波性混杂纤维复合材料的性能,结果表明,芳纶纤维和玻璃纤维按一定混杂比和混杂方式与力学性能和电性能优良的乙烯基酯树脂体系制成的混杂纤维复合材料,可作为频率选择反射器用的功能和结构材料。     

连续玄武岩纤维增强复合材料的抗弹性能研究

通过研究环氧树脂/连续玄武岩纤维( CBF)、乙烯基酯树脂/CBF、聚氨酯树脂/CBF、酚醛树脂/CBF体系的抗弹性能,发现CBF增强乙烯基酯复合材料的抗弹性能较好.考察了CBF增强乙烯基酯树脂复合材料厚度、靶板法线角对抗弹性能的影响,并对CBF增强复合材料的抗弹机理进行了分析.     

纬编双轴向多层衬纱织物增强复合材料的弯曲性能研究

本文主要对高性能纤维的纬编双轴向多层衬纱织物增强复合材料的弯曲性能进行研究分析.本文所用的增强纤维为玻璃纤维和高强聚乙烯纤维两种,增强织物包括玻璃纤维织物、高强聚乙烯纤维织物及玻璃纤维/聚乙烯纤维层间混合织物三种,基体为乙烯基酯树脂,文中着重对几种复合材料的弯曲性能进行测试和分析比较.分析结果表明,该类复合材料有很好的弯曲性能,含有玻璃纤维的横向弯曲破坏有其特点,玻璃纤维为脆性破坏,而聚乙烯纤维表现为屈曲破坏.     

聚酰亚胺纤维增强环氧树脂结构透波复合材料的性能研究及机制分析

选择聚酰亚胺纤维和环氧树脂,采用热熔法制备出了聚酰亚胺/环氧结构透波复合材料。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱、吸湿率、力学性能、介电性能、湿热老化性能以及扫描电子显微镜等表征手段,研究了聚酰亚胺/环氧结构透波复合材料的结构透波性能和耐湿热环境性能。研究结果表明：聚酰亚胺纤维中刚性共轭结构赋予了聚酰亚胺纤维复合材料良好的透波性能和耐湿热性能,但是与石英纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料相比,聚酰亚胺纤维增强环氧树脂结构透波复合材料仍存在着压缩强度、弯曲强度与层间剪切强度低、吸湿率高的问题;力学性能破坏模式分析结果显示,聚酰亚胺纤维同时存在有机纤维的吸湿、压缩强度低、纤维/树脂界面结合差的问题。     

芳纶纤维/AFR树脂复合材料界面粘结性能的研究

为了改善芳纶纤维复合材料的界面粘结性能,合成了一种新型树脂(AFR)作为基体,以未经任何表面处理的芳纶纤维作增强材料,制备了芳纶纤维/AFR复合材料。采用测定表面能、接触角、层间剪切强度、横向拉伸性能和扫描电镜观察形貌等方法,从宏观和微观等方面研究了芳纶纤维/AFR复合材料的界面粘结性能。结果表明,AFR树脂与芳纶纤维有相近的表面能,AFR树脂溶液与芳纶纤维的接触角为42.8°,而环氧树脂(EP)与芳纶纤维的接触角为68°,说明AFR树脂对芳纶纤维的润湿性优于EP树脂;芳纶/AFR复合材料的层间剪切强度、横向拉伸强度和纵向拉伸强度分别为74.64MPa、25.34MPa和2256MPa,比芳纶/EP复合材料的相应强度分别提高了28.7%、32.5%和13.4%,其复合材料破坏面的形貌也说明芳纶纤维与AFR树脂之间的界面粘结性能较好。     

芳纶纤维复合材料基体(AFR-TE)的性能研究

为了改善芳纶纤维增强树脂基复合材料的界面粘结性能,本文从树脂基体入手,依据相似相容原理和芳纶的结构特点,合成出新型热固性树脂(AFR-TE)用作芳纶复合材料的基体.采用非等温DSC法研究了AFR-TE树脂体系的固化反应动力学,确定了合理的固化制度;测定了AFR-TE树脂浇铸体的力学性能和耐热性能;探讨了芳纶/AFR-TE复合材料的界面粘结性能.结果表明,AFR-TE树脂固化反应级数为一级;AFR-TE树脂浇铸体的热变形温度(123.5℃)比E-51环氧树脂提高了25％,AFR-TE树脂各项力学性能都优于E-51环氧树脂,韧性得到明显改善;芳纶纤维/AFR-TE树脂复合材料的层间剪切强度和横向拉伸强度为71.2MPa和30.2MPa,分别比芳纶/E-51环氧复合材料提高了22.8％和58.1％,这表明AFR-TE树脂对芳纶的界面粘结性明显优于环氧树脂.     

短切芳纶纤维增强复合材料的研究进展

综述了短切芳纶纤维增强环氧树脂、热塑性聚氨酯、尼龙、聚乙烯、聚苯硫醚、间规聚苯乙烯等复合材料的研究进展.芳纶纤维的加入影响了基体树脂的力学性能.纤维表面经过改性后,复合材料的力学性能得到了改善.     

芳纶纤维增强树脂基复合材料的界面粘结性能研究

为了改善芳纶纤维增强树脂基复合材料的界面粘结性能,从树脂基体入手,依据相似相容原理和芳纶的结构特点,合成出新型热固性树脂(AFR–T)用作芳纶复合材料的基体,以未经表面处理的芳纶作增强材料,采用热压成型法制备了AFR–T/芳纶纤维复合材料,并通过测定溶度参数、接触角、线膨胀系数、层间剪切强度(ILSS)和横向拉伸强度等方法研究了复合材料的界面粘结性能。结果表明,AFR–T树脂浇注体与芳纶的溶度参数相近,AFR–T树脂溶液在芳纶纸表面的接触角为36.9°,小于环氧树脂(EP)溶液与芳纶纸的接触角(53.2°),说明AFR–T树脂对芳纶的浸润性优于EP;AFR–T/芳纶纤维复合材料的ILSS和横向拉伸强度为73.0 MPa和25.3 MPa,分别比EP/芳纶纤维复合材料提高了25.9%和32.5%,这表明AFR–T树脂与芳纶纤维之间的浸润性和界面粘结性能较好。     

对位芳纶复合材料的研究进展

本文介绍了高性能纤维对位芳纶材料的性能、复合材料分类及应用研究进展,对比分析了对位芳纶材料与碳纤维,高强聚乙烯从纤维到复合材料方面的优缺点,并对今后国内对位芳纶复合材料产业的发展提出了一些建议。     

Fracture and toughening behavior of aramid fiber/epoxy composites

The effect of short Aramid fibers on the fracture and toughening behavior of epoxy with high glass transition temperature has been studied. Fine dispersion of the fibers throughout the matrix is evidenced by optical microscopy. Compared with neat epoxy resin, the fracture toughness (K_IC) of the composites steadily increases with increasing fiber loading, indicating that addition of Aramid fibers has an effective toughening effect to the intrinsically brittle epoxy matrix. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicates that formation of numerous step structures for fiber‐filled epoxy systems is responsible for the significant toughness improvement. SEM and transmitted optical microscopy show that fiber pullout and fiber breakage are the main toughening mechanisms for the Aramid fiber/epoxy composites. POLYM. COMPOS. 26:333–342, 2005. © 2005 Society of Plastics Engineers.     

Surface modification of ultra-high strength polyethylene fibers for enhanced adhesion to epoxy resins using intense pulsed high-power ion beam

The effects of intense pulsed high power ion beam (HPIB) treatment of ultra-high strength polyethylene (UHSPE) fibers on the fiber/epoxy resin interface strength were studied. For this study, argon ions were used to treat Spectra? 1000 (UHSPE) fibers in vacuum. Chemical and topographical changes of the fiber surfaces were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in attenuated total reflectance mode (FTIR-ATR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), dynamic wettability measurements, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The fiber/epoxy resin interfacial shear strength (IFSS) was evaluated by the single fiber pull-out test. The FTIR-ATR and XPS data indicate that oxygen was incorporated onto the fiber surface as a result of the HPIB treatment. The wettability data indicate that the fibers became more polar after HPIB treatment and also more wettable. Although the total surface energy increased only slightly after treatment, the dispersive component decreased significantly while the acid-base component increased by a similar amount. SEM photomicrographs revealed that the surface roughness of the fibers increased following the HPIB treatment. The single fiber pull-out test results indicate that HPIB treatment significantly improved the IFSS of UHSPE fibers with epoxy resin. This enhancement in IFSS is attributed to increased roughness of the fiber surface resulting in mechanical bonding and in increased interface area, increased polar nature and wettability, and an improvement in the acid-base component of the surface energy after the HPIB treatment.     

低温氨气等离子体对芳纶表面的改性

采用氨气等离子体对芳纶表面进行改性,用X-射线光电子能谱、场发射扫描电子显微镜、力学性能测试等手段对改性前后纤维表面的元素组成、形貌及其拉伸强度进行表征,并进一步通过微脱黏方法分析了等离子体处理条件对芳纶/环氧树脂复合材料界面黏结强度的影响。结果表明:芳纶经表面改性后,其表面极性官能团、表面粗糙度均有所增加,同时与环氧树脂基体的界面黏结强度明显增加。     

Mechanical and thermal properties of the hybrid composites of vinylester resin and methacryl‐substituted polysilsesquioxane

Vinylester resin (VER) composed of bisphenol‐A‐based epoxy methacrylate and styrene was cured finally at 120°C with methacryl‐substituted polysilsesquioxane (ME‐PSQ) prepared from 3‐(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate and tetramethylammonium hydroxide. The dynamic mechanical and thermal properties of the VER/ME‐PSQ 90/10–60/40 hybrid composites were investigated when compared with crosslinked‐VER (C‐VER) and VER/phenyl‐substituted polysilsesquioxane (Ph‐PSQ) 80/20 composite cured at the same condition. As a result, the VER/ME‐PSQ hybrid composites showed much higher storage modulus (E′) at rubbery state than C‐VER and the VER/Ph‐PSQ composite. The E′ of the hybrid composites increased with increasing ME‐PSQ content. Also, coefficient of thermal expansion of the hybrid composites decreased with increasing ME‐PSQ content. The glass transition temperatures and 5% weight loss temperatures of the VER/ME‐PSQ hybrid composites were almost the same as those of C‐VER and the VER/Ph‐PSQ composite. POLYM. COMPOS., 2009. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Micro‐Driving behavior of carbon‐fiber‐reinforced epoxy resin for standing‐wave ultrasonic motor

The application of the friction drive of carbon‐fiber‐reinforced composites to a standing‐wave ultrasonic motor was investigated. Friction drive tests were conducted on carbon‐fiber‐reinforced epoxy resins (CF/epoxy) by home‐made test rig, which was based on plate‐rod vibrator. The effects of fiber orientation and ply thickness on dynamic drive and dynamic normal forces were investigated. Fiber orientation angle and ply thickness affected friction drive. Different dynamic drive forces, which varied both in amplitude and period, were observed for CF/epoxy composites with different winding angles. A CF/epoxy composite with a winding angle of 30° showed the largest dynamic drive force (∼0.45 N) and the shortest contact period (∼26 μs). The period of dynamic normal force was uniform (∼65 μs) for various CF/epoxy composites. Wear traces of different composites exhibited different wear modes, such as scuffing, peeling, and shearing. The anisotropic property of CF/epoxy material affected the drive process of standing‐wave ultrasonic motor. The current study taking the carbon‐fiber‐reinforced epoxy resin as an example of anisotropic materials arise more enough attention on inexpensive, biodegradable, and renewable alternatives for the efficient and durative drive of a standing‐wave ultrasonic motor. POLYM. COMPOS., 37:2152–2159, 2016. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers     

芳纶包覆碳纤维增强环氧树脂的轴向压缩性能研究

采用缠绕法制备了芳纶长丝包覆碳纤维束,利用真空辅助树脂转移成型法制备了包覆碳纤维增强环氧树脂.通过电子万能试验机测试了复合材料的轴向压缩性能,研究了长丝缠绕方式、包覆密度和碳纤维束的数量对试样压缩强度及破坏模式的影响.结果表明,芳纶包覆能够提升碳纤维复合材料的压缩强度,随着芳纶长丝包覆密度的增加,压缩强度逐渐增加;相比...     

芳纶复合材料抗爆震性能研究

采用圆形炸药设计了平面波发生器，运用薄膜型PVDF压电传感器，测量芳纶复合材料试件中冲击波压力。研究了三种树脂基复合材料抗爆炸性能。试验结果表明，三种复合材料中冲击波压力是随传播距离的增长而呈指数衰减，以Kevlar/SIS复合材料抗震性能最优。     

先进复合材料用高性能纤维发展概述

作为材料科学的一个重要分支,纤维增强复合材料以其优异的性能取得了飞速发展并且在社会各领域得到了越来越广泛的应用。在先进复合材料中,目前最常应用的高性能增强纤维有碳纤维、芳香族聚酰胺纤维以及超高分子量聚乙烯纤维等。本文即对这些纤维的发展及其在先进复合材料中的应用情况作一概述。     

Polystyrene/vinyl ester resin/styrene thermoplastic elastomer composites: Miscibility,morphology, and mechanical properties

Polystyrene/Styrene‐Ethylene‐Propylene‐Styrene/Vinyl Ester Resin (PS/SEPS/VER) blends used as matrix of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber‐reinforced composites, which included both physical crosslinking points of thermoplastic resin SEPS and chemical crosslinking network of thermosetting resin PS/VER, were prepared by solution blending and hot‐molding. Morphology and mechanical properties of the PS/SEPS/VER composites were investigated in this work. The microstructure of PS/SEPS/VER composites observed by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was correlated with mechanical properties. It is worth noting that, stiffness increased sharply with the addition of VER within a certain range. Impact properties verified the structure that the physical crosslinking points of SEPS were immersed in the chemical crosslinking network of PS/VER. Dynamic mechanical analysis revealed that, incorporation of VER changed the storage modulus and loss tangent. In brief, addition of VER had improved mechanical properties, thermal stability, and fluidity of the composites during processing, indicating a successful result for preparing resin matrix material with outstanding comprehensive performances. Analog map was presented to facilitate better understanding of the special structure of PS/SEPS/VER. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Impact behavior of aramid fiber/glass fiber hybrid composites: The effect of stacking sequence

Aramid fiber/glass fiber hybrid composites were prepared to examine the effect of stacking sequence on the impact behavior of thin laminates. The effect of position of the aramid layer on the impact properties of hybrid composites was investigated using driven dart impact tester. The delamination area and fracture surface of hybrid composites were analyzed for correlation with impact energy. The addition of glass layer to aramid layer reduced the impact resistance of hybrid composite due to the restriction in the deformation of aramid layer. The position of aramid layer resulted in variations in the impact behavior of hybrid composites. When the aramid layer was at the impacted surface, the composite exhibited a higher impact energy. This was attributed to the fact that the flexible layer at the impacted surface in thin laminates can experience larger deformation. In three‐layer composites, the aramid fiber‐reinforced composite ( AAA ) exhibited the highest total impact energy due to high impact energy per delamination area (1EDA) in spite of low delamination area. Aramid fiber and glass fiber‐reinforced composites showed a different impact behavior according to the change of thickness. This was attributed to the difference in the energy absorption at interface between laminae.