水溶性淬火剂中聚二醇的剖析

本文报导了淬火剂中聚二醇的剖析方法和结果。主要用逆溶法分离和提纯了淬火剂中聚二醇，采用了红外、核磁共振光谱、裂解色谱等手段，鉴定并定量了聚二醇中组分的配比和含量。     

软链段结构对聚酯弹性体胶粘剂性能的影响

合成了以聚已二酸－乙二醇聚酯二醇,聚已二酸－丁二醇聚酯二醇,聚已二酸－已二醇聚酯二醇为软链段的含羟基的聚氨酯胶粘剂样品,利用DSC和TEM等现代测试手段对聚氨酯胶粘剂的结晶行为和形态结构进行了表征,并探讨了软链段结构对聚氨酯胶粘剂粘接性的影响。     

UV固化低粘度聚氨酯丙烯酸酯低聚物

以2，4-甲苯二异氰酸酯、丙烯酸羟丙酯及自制的低粘度聚酯二醇为基本原料，制备了低粘度聚氨酯丙烯酸酯（PUA）。探讨了合成路线、合成条件、聚酯二醇分子量和投料比等因素对PUA粘度的影响。测试了由该PUA组成的UV固化体系的固化速度。     

已二醇合成工艺的改进

对已二醇加压合成法的已炔二醇的合成和加氢工艺进行了改进，改进后的工艺流程简化，投资少，催化剂易得，能耗低，操作环境大为改善。     

聚氨酯矿用筛板(网)的研制

以聚酯、聚醚、二异氰酸酯等为主要原料，采用预聚法和半预聚法合成筛板（网）原液，通过常压浇注制备了矿用聚氨酯筛板（网）。考察了多元醇种类、二异氰酸酯种类及异构比、原液不同制备方法、成型加工条件等对材料物理机械性能及工艺性能的影响。结果表明，采用聚四氢呋喃醚二醇或聚四氢呋喃醚二醇与聚环氧丙烷二醇的混合物（70－80／30－20）制备的原液可满足条缝筛板（网）的要求，而聚酯可用于缝宽大于5mm的大孔筛板（网），固化剂主要以MOCA和1，4－丁二醇为主。     

Ube公司扩大在西班牙的二醇产能

日本的Ube工业公司即将完成其在西班牙Castellon新建的2套二醇装置。第1套有2000t／a的聚碳酸酯二醇产能．它使用1，6-己二醇和1，4-环己烷二甲醇作原料生产。第2套有300t／a 1，5-戊二醇产能。据称Ube公司正在该处建1套新的研发中心，用于开发新级别的聚碳酸酯二醇和聚氨酯用聚酯二醇。     

脂环族和芳香族二元醇

对1,4-环己烷二甲醇、环己二醇、三环十二碳二甲醇、十二碳环烷二醇、螺环二醇、对苯二酚双羟乙基醚、间苯二酚双羟乙基醚等可用于高分子合成的特种二醇进行了简要介绍,并介绍了它们的性能特点和用途。     

专利介绍

<正> 制造淀粉糊的方法天然淀粉或用环氧乙烷等醚化了的天然淀粉等加热糊化或加碱糊化时,添加脂肪酸二碱性酯或/及烷基二醇,如1,5一戊二醇、1,6一己二醇、l,4一丁二醇、丁烯二醇等,可以得到耐老化,抗霉变,耐淀粉霉性优,并有持续粘着力的淀粉糊     

聚碳酸酯二醇(PCDL)的特性及应用前景

通过与聚己内酯二醇的比较，介绍了聚碳酸酯二醇PCDL的性能特点，及其在溶剂型涂料中的应用前景。     

己二腈焦油废渣的开发研究

开发利用己二腈焦油废渣生产己二酸，通过萃取和干馏法进行对比实验，干馏法是最优的工艺路线。该法生产已二酸，工艺简单，节省醇、酮等化工原料，收到很好物经济效益和社会效益。     

不同多元醇聚氨酯弹性体宏观性能的研究

以聚四氢呋喃多元醇（PTMG）、聚己内酯多元醇（PCL）、4,4′-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、1,4-丁二醇和三羟基聚醚多元醇等为主要原料制备了4种聚氨酯（PU）弹性体。采用电子万能试验机、动态力学热分析仪、差示扫描量热仪以及扩展流变仪等设备分析了不同相对分子质量的PTMG和PCL对PU弹性体的力学性能、热性能以及流变性能的影响。结果表明,PCL类PU弹性体的拉伸强度、硬度、平台区弹性模量、软段玻璃化转变温度以及反应体系的表观黏度都偏高,而PTMG类PU弹性体的滞后损失偏高;同一种类多元醇的PU弹性体的各项性能也因相对分子质量的不同而有差异。     

多层复合聚氨酯弹性体胶辊的研制

用聚醚、聚酯多元醇、ＴＤＩ、ＭＯＣＡ、导电炭黑等原料进行了多层复合聚氨酯弹性体胶辊胶料的研究,采用旋转、分次浇注的方法制备了３层复合聚氨酯弹性体胶辊外层胶套,讨论了原料、西方对胶料性能的影响,并介绍了制备工艺,模具及有关参数。     

聚氨酯型遇水膨胀弹性材料的研制

研究了聚氨酯型遇水膨胀弹性材料中多元醇种类及分子量、－NCO基团含量、弹性材料的交联度等因素对吸水膨胀性能及力学性能的影响。     

Effect of clay dispersion on the rheological properties and flammability of polyurethane‐clay nanocomposite elastomers

Polyurethane‐clay nanocomposite elastomers were synthesized using polyol‐clay blends with different levels of dispersion, which affected the final elastomer microstructure. A PU‐clay microcomposite elastomer containing partially dispersed clay showed poorer mechanical and similar fire properties to the unmodified polyurethane. More complete dispersion of the clay into the polyol led to an exfoliated structure in the final elastomer. This showed a higher modulus and kept a viscoelastic behavior to higher temperature than the pristine PU. The enhancement of mechanical and thermal properties in the nanocomposite elastomer can be attributed to the degree of clay exfoliation, and this also prevented dripping during the UL 94 fire test. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

聚氨酯弹性体耐热性的影响因素

讨论了多异氰酸酯，聚合物多元醇，扩链剂，分子内基团，杂环，离子基团对聚氨酯弹性体耐热性能的影响。指出开发新原料，引入热稳定杂环，严格控制反应条件和原料的纯度及配比，是提高聚氨酯弹性体耐热性的有效途径。     

Physical Properties of Polyurethanes Produced from Polyols from Seed Oils: I. Elastomers

Polyols synthesized by ozonolysis and hydrogenation from canola oil were reacted with aliphatic 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanates (HDI) to produce polyurethane (PU) elastomers. The properties of the materials were examined by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermomechanical analysis (TMA), modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and measurements were taken of tensile properties. The effect of dangling chains on network properties was assessed. The formation of hydrogen bonds was observed by FTIR. The measured properties were found to be strongly dependent on processing-dependent factors such as the crosslinking density and the molar ratio of polyols to HDI component. The glass transition temperatures (T _g) of the elastomers were found to increase as the OH/NCO molar ratio decreased. With the same OH/NCO molar ratio, T _g of canola-oil-based PU was higher than that of soybean-oil-based PU. The TGA thermographs showed two well-defined steps of degradation for all the elastomers. In the first step, up to 30% weight loss, the fastest rate of loss was found at 345 °C for canola-oil-based PU while soybean-oil-based PU lost most of the weight in the second step. With the same OH/NCO molar ratio, the elastomers made from canola-oil-based polyol showed slightly higher Young’s modulus and tensile strength.     

Soft polyurethane elastomers with adhesion properties based on palm olein and palm oil fatty acid methyl ester polyols

Soft polyurethane (PU) elastomers with >70% bio-based content and with properties characteristic of pressure sensitive adhesives were prepared from an equimolar ratio of a polyol derived from palm oil fatty acid methyl ester (PolyFAME-EG polyol) and palm olein polyols (Pioneer E-135 and Pioneer M-60) cured with 2,4′- and 4,4′- diphenylmethane diisocyanate isomeric mixture at isocyanate to hydroxyl equivalent weight ratio (Isocyanate Index) of 1.02 and 0.73. FTIR analyses of the resulting elastomers indicate high levels of free non-hydrogen bonded urethanes, indicating phase mixing of hard and soft segments, which explains the transparent nature of the elastomers. The physical properties of the elastomers were correlated with the cross-link density of the palm olein polyols and Isocyanate Index. Elastomers produced at an Isocyanate Index of 1.02 ranges in hardness from 21 to 67 Shore A which correlated with the average polyol functionality. However, at an Isocyanate Index of 0.72 the resulting elastomers were very soft with hardness ranging from 1 to 4 Shore A and with T-peel adhesion to polypropylene in the range from 2.27 to 1.98 N/25 mm. Based on these results, a polyurethane matrix with a high renewable content of palm oil polyols can be used as a platform for the development of transparent elastomers that can be used as soft energy-absorbing materials with potential use in pressure sensitive adhesives.     

用于覆铜板回流线聚氨酯胶辊的研制

以聚醚，ＴＤＩ，ＭＯＣＡ为原料研制了胶辊用浇注型聚氨酯弹性体，讨论了预聚体胶及胶辊制备中的影响因素，并且对配方，模具，成型工艺，力学性能等作了简单的介绍，生产的橡胶辊成功地应用在覆铜板生产设备压制回流线中。     

浇注型聚氨酯弹性体耐酸碱性能研究

以不同种类二异氰酸酯和各种多元醇为主要原料,通过预聚法合成了一系列结构不同的聚氨酯弹性体(PUE),研究了软硬链段的化学结构及硬段含量对PUE耐酸碱性能的影响。结果表明,聚四氢呋喃醚多元醇作为软段具有更加稳定的化学结构,有利于PUE耐酸碱性的提高。选用刚性较大的二异氰酸酯4,4’-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI-100),以刚性对称的氢醌-双(β-羟乙基)醚(HQEE)为扩链剂,有利于聚氨酯分子链硬段的规整排列从而产生结晶,可提高PUE的耐酸碱性。     

涡激振动抑制装置聚氨酯弹性体的研制

采用聚氧化丙烯多元醇、聚四亚甲基醚二醇、液化MDI和复合扩链剂为原料,用半预聚体法制得适用于深海立管涡激振动抑制装置上的聚氨酯弹性体,讨论了聚醚多元醇种类、NCO含量、扩链系数、硫化工艺等对聚氨酯弹性体性能的影响.结果表明,预聚体NCO质量分数为10％,扩链系数为0.95,硫化工艺为100℃、时间为8～12 h,制得的...