基于模块化的大规模本体映射方法

映射效率对于动态映射的应用至关重要,因此文中提出基于模块化的大规模本体映射方法。通过加权的基于距离和基于信息量的方法计算本体概念的相似度,利用改进的凝聚层次聚类算法对概念进行聚类,并以此抽取子本体,最后设计基于信息检索的技术发现异构本体中的相关子本体。该方法有效缩小候选匹配的搜索空间,达到减少时间复杂度的目的。实验表明,文中方法可在保证映射结果质量的同时提升映射效率。     

基于Top-k映射的本体匹配方法

针对本体之间的异构问题,提出一种基于Top-k映射的本体匹配方法。该方法是对现有匹配方法的一种扩展,它以相似度计算为基础,从元素级和结构级计算2个概念之间的相似度,并在匹配过程中同时产生k个映射而不是一个最佳映射。实验结果表明,该算法在查全率和查准率方面都有很好的表现,并且其查准率要优于GLUE方法。     

基于模糊概念格的语义Web服务匹配

针对不同本体领域语Web服务匹配问题,提出基于模糊概念格模型的语义Web服务匹配方法。将不同本体映射成统一形式背景,进而形成模糊概念格结构,最后在模糊概念格结构的基础上,提出了服务的相似度计算方法。实验结果表明该服务匹配方法的有效性。     

一种基于模糊概念相似度的模糊本体构建方法

研究了一种基于模糊概念相似度的模糊本体构建方法。对目标数据源进行模糊形式概念分析,构建模糊概念格,利用基于模糊概念相似度的概念聚类算法产生模糊概念聚类,并最终映射得到模糊本体。该方法对模糊概念的内涵及外延的相似度进行了全面的度量,并加入权重因子增强模糊聚类的可调节性。最后通过实例验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

一种改进的本体相似度综合映射方法研究

为了解决本体映射方法中计算量大、方法单一的问题,提出本体相似度综合映射方法。首先分解合适的本体,将规模比较大的本体分解为小本体,以降低映射计算的时间复杂度;然后根据本体映射的启发规则筛选出候选概念集,对候选概念集进行基于世界知识体系的本体概念相似度计算,再进行语义相似度和结构相似度计算,并把这3种不同算法得到的相似度值进行加权综合,给出最终的本体概念相似度值,再根据该值进行本体映射;最后通过设计实验来验证算法的正确性与有效性,结果表明本方法能在提高映射效率的同时保证良好的查询效果。     

改进的多策略的概念相似度计算方法

本体映射是解决本体异构的有效手段,而概念相似度计算是本体映射的关键环节。针对目前本体映射中概念相似度计算存在的问题,提出一种改进的多策略的概念相似度计算方法。首先根据两个概念的名称相似度进行初始映射判断,然后基于概念的属性、结构、实例计算概念相似度,并选取适当的权值进行加权综合。最后采用OAEI提供的标准数据测试集benchmark进行实验。实验结果表明,该方法在保证映射效率和通用性的同时,提高了映射结果的查全率和查准率。     

语义Web本体匹配算法研究

随着语义Web不断发展,本体数量不断增加。由于不同领域专家构建的本体存在不匹配的问题,需要对本体进行匹配、合并和比较。本体匹配作为其他工作的基础,具有十分重要的意义。本文提出了一种基于实例的本体相似度计算方法,该方法为每个概念结点增加虚拟实例,并综合考虑了本体的结构特点,使用Word．Net调整相似度。我们把该方法运用到PROMPT本体匹配算法中,通过实验得到了较好的准确率和查全率。     

本体映射的方法在汽车领域的应用

本体映射是本体集成的一个关键环节.本体映射是实现不同本体之间共享和交流的基础,为相似或不同应用领域间的知识共享铺平道路,方便知识的获取.介绍了两个汽车领域本体之间进行映射的一种方法,该方法使用了基于语法匹配的方法并利用实例信息确定所映射的概念.最后结合了具体的例子来说明了核心算法.     

高效的异构本体的映射算法研究

基于本体的概念间相似度计算已经在信息检索等诸多领域成为当今信息技术研究的热点问题之一。本文的工作是针对描述同一领域的多个本体间存在的异构问题,设计一种快速高效的映射算法来实现异构本体的融合。本文提出了一种基于异构本体的相似度计算方法,通过字面概念相似度和语义结构(包括节点深度、节点密度、边权重、信息量等)相似度等方面的综合计算,可以准确地得到异构本体间的概念映射关系;同时,通过对映射方法的优化,算法的匹配速度也有很大程度的提高。实验结果表明,该算法可以有效地排除本体异构的影响,得到较好的概念相似性计算效果。     

基于二部图模型的大本体分块与映射方法

针对当前大本体分块与映射方法中的块边界信息丢失严重、块间匹配计算复杂等问题,提出一种基于二部图模型的大本体分块与映射方法。根据本体概念相似度在2个本体间建立带权二部图模型,对该二部图进行分割,实现本体的关联分块,在子图中求解得到二部图的最佳匹配,并通过映射修正获得块内实体映射。实验结果表明,该方法的分块质量与映射效率均较优。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.