基于ELES模型的广西城镇居民不同收入群体消费结构的对比分析

根据2009年<广西统计年鉴>中城镇居民家庭消费的截面数据,利用扩展的线性支出系统需求函数模型(ELES),对2008年广西城镇居民消费结构、消费倾向和消费弹性进行了分析.结果表明,广西城镇居民呈现出较低的消费倾向,而且大部分居民消费还集中在衣、食、住等生存性消费方面,尤其是中、低收入家庭,这3项的消费支出占据了其收入的大半.在此基础上提出了扩大广西城镇居民消费需求的相应建议:应加大收入再分配的调节力度,努力缩小居民之间的贫富差距,促进整体消费水平的提升;培育广西居民消费热点,积极引导享受性消费.     

黑龙江省城乡居民消费结构比较分析

运用扩展线性支出系统模型,从边际消费倾向、基本消费支出和收入弹性3个方面,对黑龙江省城乡居民的消费支出结构进行了实证分析.结果表明,黑龙江省城乡居民的消费结构和生活水平存在显著差距,城镇居民发展型和享受型消费支出的比重较高,交通和通讯已经成为当前的消费热点;农村居民的边际消费倾向很低,基本消费支出在实际消费支出中所占的比重偏高,其中,食品和居住2项的基本消费支出所占的比重最大,是黑龙江省农村居民目前的消费重点.     

我国城乡居民消费结构的实证研究

文幸运用ELES对我国城乡居民消费结构进行了实证分析.研究表明,现阶段农村居民消费整体较弱,消费结构虽有所升级但其明显滞后于城镇居民的消费结构,农村居民的消费支出还是以满足基本的生活保障为主,而城镇居民的享受型和发展型消费虽不断增加但仍有所不足;影响城乡居民消费水平和消费结构的因素不只是收入和价格,居民的消费习惯也起重要作用,此外政府在教育、医疗、住房、养老保险制度等方面的相关政策的完善,对消除城乡居民尤其是农村居民的后顾之忧至关重要.同时也说明,我国消费结构优化的潜力大,消费量可提升的空间较大.     

我国四大区域城乡居民消费倾向比较分析

依据1992～2008年<中国统计年鉴>数据,采用回归模型对我国东部、东北、中部、西部城镇及农村居民收入和消费的关系运用最小二乘法和广义最小二乘法进行实证分析.结果表明,我国四大区域城乡居民消费倾向具有显著特征,从区域上看,城镇居民边际消费倾向呈不规律波动,而农村居民的消费倾向则遵守边际消费倾向递减规律;从时间序列上看,我国四大区域农村居民边际消费倾向呈"多U型"变动趋势,不同地区农村居民边际消费倾向变化有一定的差异,而城镇居民边际消费倾向则呈小频率宽幅波动趋势;四大区城城镇和农村居民平均消费倾向均呈递减规律.为扩大消费,促进区域经济均衡协调快速发展,针对城乡差异及不同地区的特点,提出采用有力措施提高城乡居民消费倾向,制定和实施刺激消费的区域性政策.     

低保标准的建模分析

在本文针对吉林省各地区2016-2018低保标准、各省年度人均地区生产总值、各省年末常住人口、地方财政一般预算收入、各省城镇居民人均现金消费支出(各省城镇居民人均消费支出)、各省城镇居民可支配收入、各省城市商品零售价格指数、各省城市居民消费水平指数、各省城市居民消费水平、各省城市居民消费价格指数等方面进行分析,得出低保线的确定往往受到多个因素的影响,利用SPSS来套用多元线性回归模型,来找到多个主要影响因素作为自变量来解释因变量的变化。     

河北省农村居民人均收入与消费水平影响因素分析——基于协整检验

对1999～2008年河北省农村居民人均收入和消费支出的有关数据进行了协整检验,通过两者之间的动态关系研究发现,农村居民人均收入与消费支出有长期的均衡关系,据此建立了农民人均收入和消费支出之间的长期均衡模型.结果显示,收入是决定居民消费需求的基本因素,且现在收入的增长对消费的增长具有很重要的影响;政府应制定合理的政策,建立社会保障网,改变消费观念等方式从根本上解除农民的后顾之忧,最终达到增加农民收入的结果,促进农村地区经济的持续稳定健康发展.     

我国消费需求不足的深层次原因及政策建议

城乡居民收入比重下降是我国消费率下降的最主要原因,城乡居民消费倾向下降对消费率下降也有较大影响,城市化率提高是我国消费率变动的唯一正向促进因素.因此,扩大我国居民消费应以提高居民收入比重和加快城市化进程为主要看力点,努力提高居民收入占国民收入的比重,公共支出占政府支出的比重;调整国民收入分配结构、政府支出结构和城乡二元结构;深化户籍制度改革、资源价格和税费改革、垄断性行业改革、税收制度改革.     

收入性质对居民消费结构升级的影响分析

根据中国1997年-2008年30个省(区、市)的面板数据,考察收入性质对全体居民、城镇居民和农村居民消费结构升级的影响.结果表明:收入增长性、收入永久性和收入不确定性三种收入性质对居民消费有不同的影响,即使同一收入性质对居民消费的影响方向和影响程度也不同.就收入性质对居民消费结构升级的影响而言,城镇与农村有所差别.     

新疆城乡居民消费结构的实证分析

从线性扩展支出系统(ELES)入手,依据<新疆统计年鉴>数据,对新疆城乡居民的消费结构进行了实证分析,在对边际消费倾向、收入弹性和价格弹性进行比较分析的基础上,得出新疆城乡居民的消费结构存在明显差异的结论,并为改善这些差异提出了相应对策建议.     

基于面板数据的我国农村居民消费结构分析

遴选1997～2006年我国31个省市农村居民消费情况及收入情况的面板数据,采用扩展的线性支出系统模型(ELES)对数据进行研究,通过深入探讨近年来我国农村居民家庭消费结构的变动情况,分析了农村居民消费现状及其结构特点.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.