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1.
Hetal Gandhi Snehal Modi Nirmesh Jain Pratap Bahadur 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2001,4(4):359-365
Tensiometric studies on several binary surfactant mixtures containing anionic surfactants, viz., metal (lithium, sodium, potassium, copper, cobalt, and magnesium) dodecyl sulfates and a nonionic surfactant (Triton X-100)
in water at different mole fractions (0–1) provide critical micelle concentration (CMC) values. The composition of mixed micelles
and the interaction parameter, β, evaluated from the CMC data for different systems using Rubingh's theory, are discussed.
Marked interaction is observed with monovalent dodecyl sulfates. The influence of counter-ion valence on the formation of
mixed micelles was investigated for anionic-nonionic systems, and results indicated that mixed systems with bivalent counter-ions
in metal dodecyl sulfate resembled nonionic-nonionic systems where weak/negligible interaction has been reported. Salt addition
revealed the weakening of interaction in the mixed systems, which is attributed to the head group charge neutralization and
the dehydration of the ethylene oxide units of the nonionic surfactants. A few cloud point and viscosity data are also reported. 相似文献
2.
Alex George Sambhav Vora Arti Dogra Hemangi Desai Pratap Bahadur 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》1998,1(4):507-514
Critical micelle concentrations of cetyltrimethylammonium-p-toluene sulfonate (CTAT) and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) with sodium cholate (NaC) and sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) were
determined in aqueous solutions by surface tension measurements. Interaction parameters and mole fraction of the components
in mixed micelles were estimated using Rubingh's theory. Strong interaction was observed for each mixed system, a common feature
shown by anionic-cationic mixtures. Dramatic effects on the viscosities of these cationic surfactant-bile salt mixtures were
seen, and were markedly dependent upon the counterion of the cationic surfactant and the nature of bile salts. Micelles are
small and spherical for cationic surfactants in the presence of NaC. Micelle growth was seen for CPC in the presence of NaDC
by an increase in viscosity, but a CTAT solution showed an opposite effect on addition of NaDC. Conductance results supported
this view. Different behavior of the two bile salts is explained on the basis of their orientation in cationic micelles. 相似文献
3.
Conductances of hexadecylpyridinium bromide (HPyBr) + tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB) mixtures over the entire
mole fraction range of HPyBr (αHPyBr) were measured in pure water as well as in the presence of various aqueous ethylene glycol oligomers containing 10 and 30
wt% of each additive in their respective binary mixtures at 30°C. Each conductivity curve shows two breaks corresponding to
two critical micelle concentrations (cmc; C1 and C2 over the whole mole fraction range of HPyBr + TTAB mixtures except in the presence of pure HPyBr and TTAB, where a single
break was observed. From the conductivity data, various micellar paramelers in the absence and presence of glycol additives
were computed. A variation in the micellar parameters in the presence of additive showed that additive introduction mainly
influence the medium properties and therefore the micellar properties. However, no significant micelle-glycol interactions
were observed even with an increase in the number of repeating units from ethylene glycol to polyethylene glycol 600. The
mixing behavior of HPyBr + TTAB is close to nonideal and is identical in pure water and in the presence of various glycols.
This has been attributed to the presence of synergistic interactions between unlike monomers at C1 that are not influenced even by the presence of additives. The appearance of the second cmc is mainly attributed to structural
transitions of the mixed micelles at C1 with a further increase in surfactant concentration. 相似文献
4.
The conductances of hexadecylpyridinium chloride (HPyCl) + tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB) mixtures over the entire
mole fraction range of HPyCl (αHPyCl) were measured in aqueous binary mixtures of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene
glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, and diethylene glycol monobutyl
ether containing 10 to 30 wt% additive in their respective binary mixtures at 30°C. Each conductivity curve showed a single
break over the whole mole fraction range of HPyCl + TTAB mixtures. From the break in the conductivity curve, various micellar
parameters were calculated and the results were discussed on the basis of alkoxyethanol's hydrophobic hydration of the mixed
micelle. The micellar parameters of HPyCl, TTAB, and of their mixtures showed a strong dependence both on the amount and on
the number of repeating units of ethylene and diethylene glycol derivatives. The hydrophobic hydration was considerably higher
in the case of diethylene glycol derivatives owing to the presence of an extra ether oxygen. An evaluation of the non-ideality
in the HPyCl + TTAB mixtures in the presence of additives revealed that alkoxyethanols reduce the unlike surfactant monomer
interactions in order to form the mixed micelles in comparison to those in pure water. It has also been observed that such
interactions systematically decrease with an increase in the number of repeating units from monomethyl ether to monobutyl
ether, both in the case of ethylene and diethylene glycol derivatives. 相似文献
5.
Mandeep Singh Bakshi 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2001,4(1):27-33
The conductance of hexadecylpyridinium bromide (HPyBr) and trimethyltetradecylammonium bromide (TTAB) mixtures over the entire mole fraction range of HPyBr (αHPyBr) was measured in aqueous poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) solution containing 1, 5, and 10 wt% PVP at 30°C. Each conductivity curve showed two breaks corresponding to two aggregations throughout the whole mole fraction range of HPyBr and TTAB mixtures except for pure TTAB for which a single break corresponding to the conventional critical micelle concentration was observed. The two aggregation processes in the presence of low amounts of PVP were mostly similar to those in pure water, however, 10 wt% PVP shifted the break, corresponding to the second aggregation, toward the higher value. This was attributed to HPyBr/PVP interactions, which were also evident from the appearance of a second break in the conductivity (κ) plot of pure HPyBr in aqueous 10 wt% PVP. From conductivity data, various micellar parameters in the presence of PVP were determined and discussed from the standpoint of micelle-polymer interactions. The mixing behavior of HPyBr and TTAB corresponding to the first break in the presence of PVP was ideal for the most part and identical to that in pure water. 相似文献
6.
Tsuyoshi Asakawa Junichiro Ikehara Shigeyoshi Miyagishi 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1996,73(1):21-25
Solubilization of octafluoronaphthalene (OFN) by fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon surfactants in aqueous solutions has been examined
to investigate the effects of mixing surfactants and added salt. Diethylammonium perfluoronanoate (DEAPFN) micelles have the
most solubilization power toward OFN. The difference in micellar solubilization power will be caused by the hydrophobicity
of ionic groups and micellar size. Large positive synergistic effects on solubilization behavior were observed in the DEAPFN-diethylammonium
tetradecyl sulfate mixed micellar systems. Solubilization of OFN depended on the concentrations of added salt and the aggregation
number, that is, the micellar size. 相似文献
7.
Interactions between the binary combination of dimethyltetradecylammoniopropanesulfonate (TPS) and l-α-phosphatidylcholine (PC), 1,2-didecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, and 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine in the aqueous bulk phase were evaluated with the help of pyrene fluorescence (l
1/l
3) measurements by studying the aggregation processes of TPS in pure water and in the presence of 7–36 μM of fixed concentrations
of each lipid. The fluorescence measurements showed that TPS monomers undergo two kinds of aggregation process, which were
identified by the three breaks. The first break, C1, and the second, C2, indicated the onset and completion of bilayer solubilization, respectively, on the incorporation of TPS monomers into the
bilayer assemblies, which led to bilayer solubilization in the form of mixed micelles. This process was not clearly visible
in the presence of PC, whereas some kinds of structure transitions were observed upon the incorporation of surfactant monomers.
The partition coefficient (K), which defines the degree of partitioning of surfactant monomers into the bilayers with respect
to the aqueous medium, was evaluated. A high K value of TPS-lipid aggregates indicated stronger interactions between surfactant and bilayer assemblies of lipid. The K values determined for the three phospholipids are close to each other, which indicates that K values do not depend on the hydrocarbon chain length of the phospholipid but of the surfactant used. 相似文献
8.
Mihir Desai Nirmesh J. Jain Rakesh Sharma Pratap Bahadur 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2000,3(2):193-199
Micellization of three commercial samples of ethylene oxide (EO)-propylene oxide (PO) (PEO-PPO-PEO) triblock copolymers (pluronics)
P65 (EO25PO30EO25, mw PPO=1750, %PEO=50), P85 (EO25PO40EO25, mw PPO=2250, %PEO=50), and F88 (EO102PO40EO102, mw PPO=2250, %PEO=80) in aqueous sodium chloride solution (0–3 M) was examined by cloud point, surface tension, dye spectral
change, fluorescence, and viscosity measurements over a temperature range of 25–50°C. Salt-induced micellization and micelle
growth were observed. The presence of sodium chloride enhanced hydrophobicity in the PPO moiety and reduced hydrophilicity
of PEO moieties, favoring micellization at relatively lower concentrations than in water at ambient temperature. The effect
of salt on micellization is similar to that of increasing temperature. The critical micelle concentrations (CMC) and critical
micelle temperatures showed a marked decrease in the presence of added salt. CMC obtained by different methods were in good
agreement. 相似文献
9.
Tsuyoshi Asakawa Takashi Kitaguchi Shigeyoshi Miyagishi 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》1998,1(2):195-199
Solubilization of decafluorobiphenyl (FBIP) by surfactants in aqueous solution was examined to investigate the properties
of micelles composed of surfactants having a per-fluorocarbon chain. Fluorocarbon surfactants solubilize FBIP better than
hydrocarbon surfactants. Significant solubilization by fluorocarbon surfactants was observed upon addition of salt. Highly
synergistic solubilization of FBIP using surfactant mixtures was also observed for fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon surfactants
in the presence of salt. The high solubilization ability of surfactants can be attributed to micelle growth. A simple geometrical
consideration of molecular packing in micelles revealed that the characteristic micelle is composed of bulky fluorocarbon
chains. The solubilization behavior accompanied by micelle growth would be closely associated with a change in interfacial
contact area between the micelle core and bulk water. The behavior of fluorescence intensity of micelle-solubilized FBIP also
indicated a change in micropolarity of fluorocarbon micelles accompanied by micelle growth. 相似文献
10.
Interactions between bisphenol A (BPA) and ionic surfactants—cationic hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HTAB) and anionic
sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS)—were studied by measuring interfacial tensions and the intensities of pyrene fluorescence. The
critical micellar concentrations (CMC) decreased with an increase in the BPA concentration, and the degree of that decrease
was greater in HTAB than in SDS. In those micelles, BPA interacted more strongly with HTAB than with SDS. Conversely, BPA
adsorbed on the air-water interface cooperatively with the surfactants, even though almost no adsorption of BPA itself was
observed. This cooperative adsorption was more enhanced with HTAB than with SDS. Thus, BPA worked on the surfactants to stabilize
the micelles and interfacial adsorption. The stability gained by the addition of BPA was greater on the interface than in
the micelle. This was evidence of decreased hydrophilicity of the head group of the ionic surfactant, which interacted with
BPA, because this decrease acted on the surface activities of the surfactants more directly than on the micelle stabilities.
Pyrene fluorescence measurements yielded identical results for the effect on micelle stabilities. It is noteworthy that the
fluorescence intensity of peak 1, l
1, decreased with an increase in BPA concentrations at constant concentrations of surfactant greater than the CMC, but the
peak ratio, l
1/l
3, remained almost unchanged. This fact was also related to the interaction of BPA with the hydrophilic head groups in the
surfactant micelle. 相似文献
11.
A study of nonideal behavior in the formation of mixed monolayers at the oil-water interface was performed for a nonionic-nonionic
surfactant system. Mixtures containing alkylpolyglucoside and alkylsorbitan derivatives were investigated. As the oily phase,
colza-rapeseed and olive oils were used. To evidence a synergetic effect in the interfacial tension reduction in the oil-water-surfactant-cosurfactant
system, the model based on the regular solution theory was modified for the case of both surfactants being soluble in the
water as well as in the oily phase. For determination of the condition for the synergism and the point of the maximum synergetic
effect, the molar fraction in the mixed monolayer X
s and the interaction parameter βs were calculated, using experimental data for the interfacial tension and for the partition coefficient. A set of general
equations was developed, to allow the analysis of a mixture containing a water-soluble and an oil-soluble surfactant. The
equations are applied according the characteristics of studied quaternary systems. The mathematical model was tested with
literature data, and the results were compared with those obtained from the phase diagram of oil-water-mixed surfactant system.
The systems water-vegetable oil-alkylpolyglucoside-alkylsorbitan show a maximum synergetic effect at molar fractions between
0.85 and 0.90. The liquid-liquid interfacial tension and partition coefficient data were used to calculate the point of the
maximum synergetic effect, i.e., the surfactant-cosurfactant ratio, which ensures the interfacial tension miniumum. The dramatic
reduction in interfacial tension due to the presence of the surfactant mixture at the interface at the point of the synergism
maximum is related to the formation of three-phase and single-phase microemulsions. The results were applied to obtain single-phase
microemulsion in water-vegetable oil-alkylpolyglucoside-alkylsorbitan systems. 相似文献
12.
A novel kind of polymeric surfactant based on carboxymethyl cellulose and poly(ethylene oxide) dodecyl ether acrylate (CMC‐AR12EO9) was synthesized through ultrasonic irradiation. Aggregation behavior in aqueous solution at different temperatures and pH values was investigated by dynamic laser scattering and fluorescence probe. The results show that, with the increase of temperature, polymeric surfactants are favorable to form multimolecular micelles with narrower polydispersity of size distribution. At a higher temperature, the multimolecular micelles tend to aggregate bigger sized particles that are unstable and would be disaggregated at higher shear rate. At the elevated pH values, the size of micelles reduces drastically because of strong damage of alkali to aggregates, whereas nonpolar and insoluble domains formed by the hydrophobic blocks of polymeric surfactants are insensitive to pH changes. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 945–949, 2005 相似文献
13.
14.
室内外试验结果证明,桶混助剂KAOADJUVANTA-134和KAOADJUVANTA-145分别对不同除草剂和杀虫剂具有显著的增效作用,平均可以减少农药使用量三分之一以上。同时,使用助剂后可显著提高耐雨水冲刷的能力。比较添加助剂前后各药剂润湿性能和渗透性能,发现添加这类桶混助剂能显著降低药剂的表面张力和界面张力,使药剂在叶面的铺展性和润湿性更好。添加助剂后,药剂在植物角质膜和气孔渗透方面的性能均显著增加。同时提高润湿性和渗透性是该系列助剂具有显著增效作用的主要原因。 相似文献
15.
Polyaniline/polystyrene (PAn/PS) copolymer was prepared in the aqueous solution by copolymerization of styrene and aniline using potassium iodate (KIO3) and ammonium persulfate ((NH4)2S2O8) as an oxidant in the presence of various surfactants such as poly(ethylene glycol), hydroxypropylcellulose, and surfactive dopant sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate. The PAn/PS copolymer was characterized in terms of conductivity, morphology, chemical structure, and glass transition temperature. The results indicate that the morphology, conductivity, and glass transition temperature of products are dependent on the type of surfactant. Furthermore, it was found that addition of styrene monomer into stirred aqueous solution influences the surface morphology. The chemical structure and glass transition temperature of product were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry respectively. POLYM. COMPOS., 2009. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers 相似文献
16.
Yannie Chan 《Polymer》2004,45(10):3473-3480
We report the novel use of polystyrene-block-poly(acrylic acid) (PS-b-PAA) diblock copolymer micelles as the nano-building blocks in fabricating orderly aligned three-dimensional micropatterns with high regularity through a one-step evaporation-induced cracking process. Crack patterns of square, rectangular, stripe-like and mesh-like structures in micron scale were obtained. The effect of the concentration of diblock copolymer, the properties of the substrates, the thickness of the drying layer, and the morphology of the micelles on the regularity of the crack patterns was studied. By regulating the above factors, we achieved micropatterns of various structures. We further developed a cheap, fast, and simple method for fabricating micromolded structures using the crack patterns as templates. 相似文献
17.
以偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,由大分子单体己内酯改性丙烯酸酯(FA)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)和亲水性单体丙烯酸(AA)在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中通过自由基共聚反应得到双亲性类接枝共聚物(MAF)。将MAF与可生物降解均聚物聚己内酯(PCL)在水溶液中进行自组装,形成以。MAF中PFA链段与PCL为核、MAF中PAA链段为壳的核壳结构复合纳米胶束,进一步对PAA壳进行化学交联,最终得到具有核壳结构的复合纳米微球。动态激光光散射(DLS)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)结果显示胶束为球形,粒径在100nm左右且呈窄分布,有一定的核壳结构。 相似文献
18.
D. M. F. Prazeres F. A. P. Garcia J. M. S. Cabral 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》1992,53(2):159-164
The lipolytic activity of Chromobacterium viscosum lipase B (EC 3.1.1.3.; triacylglycerol hydrolase) solubilized both in water and AOT/isooctane reversed micelles has been investigated using triolein as a substrate. The influence of relevant parameters in the catalytic activity such as temperature, pH, surfactant and substrate concentrations, and water content was tested and compared in both media. A study of stability of the lipase was carried out, with particular reference to the influence of pH. Three major effects of the encapsulation of the lipase in the micelles were observed: increased activity (up to 7 times higher than in water), greater stability, specially at pH 7, and higher resistance to thermal deactivation. 相似文献
19.
Wei Ding Kang Liu Xiaojun Liu Huoxin Luan Chongfu Lv Tao Yu Guangmiao Qu 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2013,129(4):2057-2062
The drop volume method was used to determine the surface tensions of two series of polymerizable ionic liquid surfactants, namely, 1‐acryloyloxypropyl‐3‐alkylimidazolium chloride [APCnim][Cl] (n = 8, 10, 12) containing two hydrophobic tail chains and 1‐propionyloxypropyl‐3‐alkylimidazolium chloride [PPCnim][Cl] (n = 8, 10, 12), which showed similar structures with [APCnim][Cl] (n = 8, 10, 12) at 25°C. The surface properties of the surfactants were also compared. Furthermore, the thermodynamic behavior of [PPCnim][Cl] (n = 10, 12, 14) micellization in aqueous solution and the enthalpy–entropy compensation phenomenon were studied. The two kinds of surfactants had high surface activity. Double bonds had almost no effect on the surface properties of [APCnim][Cl]. The micellization of [PPCnim][Cl] in aqueous solution was spontaneous and entropy‐driven. For the surfactant with specific structure, micellization ability initially increased and then decreased with temperature increase. The entropic contribution to Gibbs free energy change tended to decrease, whereas the enthalpic contribution increased. In addition, the enthalpy–entropy compensation phenomenon occurred during the micellization process. For all [PPCnim][Cl], the compensation temperature was (314 ± 1) K, which remained unaffected by the surfactant molecular structure. However, when the hydrophobic carbon chain length increased, both micelle formation ability and stability increased. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013 相似文献
20.
Y. Nakama F. Harusawa I. Murotani 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1990,67(11):717-721
The interaction between anionic and cationic surfactants was investigated by means of surface tension, conductivity, and nuclear
magnetic resonance. It was found that a strong interaction exists between anionic and cationic surfactants and the mixed surfactant
has a hydrophobic property. The phase diagram has been determined as a function of temperature for the waterstearyltrimethylammonium
chloride (STAC)-sodium laurate (NaL). The Krafft point rose remarkably in equimolar mixtures for this system. The phase diagram
has been determined as a function of temperature for the STAC-sodium-N-lauroyl-N-methyl-β-alanine (NaLMA) system. The liquid-liquid
phase separation phenomenon was observed around an equimolar mixture. It can be identified with the cloud point, which is
shown by nonionic surfactants. This phenomenon seemed to be caused by the decreased solute-solvent interaction (i.e., dehydration
of the amido group contained in NaLMA molecule) as the temperature is raised. The decreasing effect of protein (ovalbumin)
denaturation was observed in the high area of the mole fraction of cationic surfactant in the cationic-anionic system. We
believe that this is due to the remarkable lowering of the monomer concentration by the formation of a hydrophobic complex. 相似文献