我国新型墙体材料同国外的差距

我国同一些国家在新型墙体材料的开发和生产上,差距很大。例如粘土砖在墙体材料中的比例:日本只占3%,波兰占13.3%,美国15%,西德22.3%,苏联37.9%,我国95.3%。新型墙体材料砼砌块所占比例:西德39.8%,美国34%,日本33%,波兰26.5%,我国0.5%。各种轻板:日本64%,美国41.9%,波兰17.5%,西德12.3%,我国0.60%。砼墙板:波兰29.4%,苏联29.2%,我国0.01%。灰砂砖:西德25.6%,苏联20%,波兰13.3%,我国4.2%。     

一种聚碳酸酯挤出发泡复合板材及其制备方法

本发明属于材料技术领域,涉及一种聚碳酸酯挤出发泡复合板材及其制备方法。该板材由表层和芯层构成,其中表层占板材整体厚度的5%～20%,芯层占板材整体厚度的80%～95%。其中所述表层由以下质量百分比的组分制成：聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯-1,4-环己烷二甲酯99%～99.5%,第一润滑剂0.1%～0.5%,第一抗氧剂0.1%～0.5%;其中所述芯层由以下质量百分比的组分制成：聚碳酸酯50%～95%,玻璃纤维0～30%,发泡粉0.1%～1%,发泡调节剂0.1%～1%,阻燃剂0.1%～1%,增韧剂3%～10%,润湿剂0.1%～0.5%,第二润滑剂0.2%～1%,第二抗氧剂0.5%～1%。     

火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定野葛根中5种金属元素含量

采用浓硝酸-高氯酸微波消解,用原子吸收分光光度法测定葛根中的钾、钠、钙、镁、锌五种金属含量。结果表明,葛根样品中钾、钠、钙、镁和锌含量分别为6.163 8,6.445 1,12.535 7,2.014 2,0.054 7 mg/g,加标回收率分别为98.89%,97.30%,101.01%,96.81%,96.12%,相对标准偏差为2.11%,1.29%,0.79%,1.92%和4.06%。精密度和重复性实验的相对标准偏差分别为0.65%,0.29%,1.01%,0.57%,1.01%,0.26%,0.61%,0.43%,0.22%,1.35%。     

脱漆剂

题述脱漆剂由10%一40%甲酸、20%一40%芳族溶剂、l%一5%表面活性剂、20%一60%水及10%一45%的水和芳香溶剂溶解剂组成。例如,含有25%甲酸、25%的甲苯、25%的丁基溶纤剂、5%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠和20%的水的组合物具有良好的脱漆性和不燃性。脱漆剂     

原子吸收分光光度法测定连翘提取液中重金属含量

以连翘为原料,用火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定了连翘提取液中铅、铬、镉、铜、锌含量。实验结果表明,连翘中铅、铬、镉、铜、锌含量依次为0.78,0.55,0.09,13.31,38.86μg/g,平均加标回收率为99.72%,97.02%,98.50%,99.81%,99.51%。精密度和重复性分析的RSD分别为3.47%,2.83%,4.21%,1.03%,0.52%和1.26%,1.77%,4.07%,0.19%,0.10%。     

回流比对新型ASBR-TFBF工艺的脱氮效能影响研究

以新型缺氧序批式反应器和潮汐流生物滤池串联(ASBR-TFBF)组合工艺对不同回流比下的脱氮效能进行研究。ASBR-TFBF组合工艺在整个运行过程中完全未进行曝气,在反应器80 d的运行过程中改变TFBF出水回流液进入ASBR反应器中的比例,并对ASBR及TFBF反应器在各回流比下周期内污染物变化规律进行了研究。结果表明,回流比为50%、100%、200%、300%下,NH4+-N和TN去除率分别为54.37%±1.74%、73.61%±2.96%、83.72%±2.23%、84.06%±1.57%和35.76%±2.89%、50.74%±2.56%、61.55%±3.04%、59.49%±2.33%,COD去除率一直维持在85%左右。     

火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定野葛根中5种金属元素含量

采用浓硝酸-高氯酸微波消解,用原子吸收分光光度法测定葛根中的钾、钠、钙、镁、锌五种金属含量。结果表明,葛根样品中钾、钠、钙、镁和锌含量分别为6.163 8,6.445 1,12.535 7,2.014 2,0.054 7 mg/g,加标回收率分别为98.89%,97.30%,101.01%,96.81%,96.12%,相对标准偏差为2.11%,1.29%,0.79%,1.92%和4.06%。精密度和重复性实验的相对标准偏差分别为0.65%,0.29%,1.01%,0.57%,1.01%,0.26%,0.61%,0.43%,0.22%,1.35%。     

某市城区污水管网水质变化规律

选取某市一段长为10.3 km的污水管线,分析研究了城市污水管网水质的变化规律。结果表明,生活污水流经城市生活污水管网后,水质发生了变化,其中SS、BOD_5、COD_(Cr)、NH_3-N、TN和TP的去除率分别为17.3%～62.3%、8.2%～42.7%、26.4%～67.2%、8.3%～28.2%、10.6%～20.5%和6.1%～13.7%。另外,沉积作用和生物降解作用对TCOD的去除贡献分别为55.19%和44.81%,对TN的去除贡献分别为43.57%和56.43%。     

国外专利文摘

正一种天然洗涤剂及其制备方法申请公布号WO2020/253553 A1申请公布日2020-12-24申请号PCT/CN2020/094633申请日2019-06-18申请人胡家和发明人胡家和本发明提供一种以水果、蔬菜和食用原料制备的环保型洗涤剂。该洗涤剂由以下组分(质量分数计)组成:水果蔬菜25%～100%,食盐6%～40%,大豆粉2%～25%,柑皮1%～10%,小苏打2%～20%,玉米渣2%～20%,乳化剂0.1%～0.8%,白糖2%～10%,山梨糖醇2%～10%,钛白粉0.1%～1%,稳定剂0.1%～1%,抗氧化剂0.1%～1%,色素0.01%～0.03%和香精0.1%～0.3%。将各组分混合,打成浆液,即可得到天然洗涤剂。所述洗涤剂可用于清洗水果、蔬菜,去农药,不会有化学残留;也可用作洗洁精,杀菌去污渍和去油渍,能有效中和并分解餐具表面的化学残留。该洗涤剂不仅具有良好的杀菌去污功能,同时又能保持果蔬的天然香味。     

专利介绍

<正>单组分预涂型厌氧胶CN102 115 640(2011-07-06)。该厌氧胶(以质量分数计)由乙烯基封端的不饱和单体35%～50%、水35%～60%、水溶性增稠剂3%～10%、促进剂0.01%～3%、颜料0.5%～2%、填料3%～15%、成膜助剂1%～5%和微胶囊引发剂0.5%～5%等组成。该发     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。