乳状液膜法分离钨钼的研究弱碱性体系

进行了以氯化甲基三烷基铵（Ｎ２６３）为载体的乳状液膜在弱碱性条件下分离钨、钼的研究．利用钨、钼形成同多酸能力的差异，通过载体选择性迁移钨来分离钨、钼．考察了影响钨、钼分离的各种因素，得到了分离钨、钼的最佳操作条件．按某厂生产仲钨酸铵的料液中含钼８．９×１０－４ｍｏｌ／ｄｍ３计算，经一级间歇式分离即可降至１．６×１０－４ｍｏｌ／ｄｍ３达到要求（含钼低于２．１×１０－４ｍｏｌ／ｄｍ３）     

O＋HO2反应碰撞的理论研究

使用多体项展式分析势能函数，研究了Ｏ＋ＨＯ２反应碰撞的经典轨迹，指出存在二个反应通道，即（１）Ｏ＋ＨＯ２→ＯＨ＋Ｏ２和（２）Ｏ＋ＨＯ２→ＨＯ２＋Ｏ。在室温下，求得反应（１）的近似速度常数为（４．１±０．０６）×１０＾－１１ｃｍ＾３·ｍｏｌｃｃｕｌｅ＾－１·Ｓ＾－１，与实验值（５．４±０．９）×１０＾１１符合甚好；反应（２）的速度常数为５．４×１０＾－１３。对反应（１），总能量的７２．５％分配于产物     

三苯膦引发丙炔醇光聚合

本文首次应用三苯膦引发丙炔醇光聚合，制得黄色粉末状、具有共轭双键结构的聚丙炔醇。研究了该光聚合反应的动力学行为及机理。发现三苯膦与丙炔醇Ｃ≡Ｃ叁键能形成基态电荷转移络合物，在光照下引发自由基聚合。聚合速率方程为Ｒｐ＝ｋｐ［ＯＨＰ］（０．５）［ＰＰｈ３］（０．７），表观速率常数ｋｐ＝２．９０×１０（－５）Ｌ（０．２）·ｍｏｌ（－０．２）·ｓ（－１），聚合活化能Ｅａ＝２１．７８ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。     

工业铯钟速率变化主要因素的探讨

上海天文台（ＳＯ）原子时实验室的４台工业铯钟１９８３～１９９０年连续工作了４或７年，它们的速率的长期变化与钟房的环境参数和性能参数的变化有关。本文根据有关数据，用不同的方法进行了分析，得到了一些明晰的结果。１）钟的速率变化受湿度的季节性变化影响：在相对湿度变化１％时，Ｃｓ２（１２６７）和Ｃｓ４（１４５７４）的速率变化分别为１．８９５ｕｓ／ｄ（２．２×１０－１４）和０．６１８ｎｓ／ｄ（７．１×１０－１５）。ＳＯ的原子钟房的相对湿度的年变化为２０％～８５％，引起这两台钟的速率年变化分别为１．４３×１０－１２和４．６５×１０－１４２）钟的速率变化受钟的离子泵电流参数的线性变化（从钟束管寿命的中期开始）影响：在离子泵电流参数变化１μＡ时，Ｃｓ３（１６１８０）和Ｃｓｌ（１２９９７）的速率变化分别为０．４３９ｎｓ／ａ（５．０８×１０－１５）和０．５５２ｎｓ／ａ（６．３９×１０－１５）。这两台钟的离子系电流参数的年变化分别为１６．４７μＡ／ａ和６．５３μＡ／ａ，引起的频率漂移率分别为１．６７×１０－１３／ａ（０．０３９５ｎｓ／ｄ２）和８．３×１０１４／ａ（０．０１９７ｎｓ／ｄ２）     

n型GaSb,InGaAsSb的MBE生长和特性研究

本文报导了非故意掺杂ＩｎＧａＡｓＳｂ本底浓度的降低和掺Ｔｅｎ型ＧａＳｂ和ＩｎＧａＡｓＳｂ的ＭＢＥ生长与特性的研究结果。结果表明，通过生长工艺的优化，ＧａＳｂ和ＩｎＧａＡｓＳｂ的背景空穴浓度可分别降至１．１×１０~（１６）ｃｍ~（－３）和４×１０~（１６）ｃｍ~（－３），室温空穴迁移率分别为９４０ｃｍ２／ｖ．ｓ和２６０ｃｍ~２／ｖ．ｓ。用Ｔｅ作ｎ型掺杂剂，可获得载流子浓度在１０~（１６）～１０~（１８）ｃｍ~（－３）的优质ＧａＳｂ和ＩｎＧａＡｓＳｂ外延层，所研制的材料已成功地制备出Ｄ_λ~＊＝４×１０~（１０）ｃｍＨｚ~（１／２）／Ｗ的室温ＩｎＧａＡｓＳｂ红外探测器和室温脉冲ＡｌＧａＡｓＳｂ／ＩｎＧａＡｓＳｂ双异质结激光器。     

四（5,6—二氯—1,4—二硫杂环己烯）四氮杂卟啉铜（II）的气敏特性

本文研究了四（５,６－二氯－１,４－二硫杂环己烯）四氮杂卟啉铜（ＩＩ）的气敏特性,实验结果表明,用该配合物制作的元件对氨气具有良好的敏感性和选择性,可用于监控５．０×１０＾－４～３．０×１０＾－３ｍｏｌ．Ｌ＾－１的氨气。     

四(5,6-二氯-1,4-二硫杂环己烯)四氮杂卟啉铜(Ⅱ)的气敏特性

本文研究了四（５,６—二氯—１,４—二硫杂环己烯）四氮杂卟啉铜（Ⅱ）的气敏特性。实验结果表明,用该配合物制作的元件对氨气具有良好的敏感性和选择性,可用于监控５．０×１０－４～３．０×１０－３ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１的氨气。     

HL—1M装置硼化壁的出气特性

借助ＱＭＳ诊断技术，完成了ＨＬ－１Ｍ装置Ｂ／Ｃ壁和Ｓ壁的出气特的对比实验研究。Ｂ／Ｃ壁的最大出气率是２．６０×１０＾２０ｍｏｌ／ｓ其中Ｈ２占９９．６％杂质组分３．８×１０＾－３。与ＳＳ壁相比，Ｂ／Ｃ壁的Ｈ２出气率增加了１．３倍，杂质组分出气率小一个量级，且气体的动力学滞留时间得到增强。     

聚丙烯网络合成

用固相两步法合成了聚丙烯（ＰＰ）网络。首先将ＰＰ用马来酸酐（ＭＡＨ）功能化，再加入交联剂己二胺（ＨＤＡ）或聚乙烯醇（ＰＶＡ）使ＰＰ网络化。研究了在该方法中反应条件与ＰＰ网络的凝胶含量关系。结果表明，当引发剂过氧化苯甲酰（ＢＰＯ）用量低于０．８３×１０－３ｍｏｌ时，凝胶含量随ＢＰＯ增加而迅速升高，ＢＰＯ用量高于１．６５×１０－３ｍｏｌ时，凝胶含量基本不再变化，控制反应的最佳时间为２５～３０ｍｉｎ。     

压漏孔校准装置性能测试

正压漏孔校准装置可采用定容法和定量气体动态比较法进行正压漏孔的校准。定容法的校准范围是１００～５ × １０~（－３） Ｐａ· Ｌ／ｓ,不确定度小于９．１０％;定量气体动态比较法的校准范围是１×１０~（－２）～５×１０~（－５）Ｐａ·Ｌ／ｓ,不确定度小于１４．２０％。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.     

新闻(英文)

正China and Greece Sign the Standardization Cooperation Agreement Witnessed by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras,AQSIQ Minister Zhi Shuping and ELOT Chairman and Executive Director Angelos Tolkas signed the SAC-ELOT Standardization Cooperation Agreement.The Agreement is one of the critical cooperation documents signed during Li Keqiang’s visit in Greece,encouraging China and Greece to